The Malayan Communist Party as Recorded in the Comintern Files

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CHAPTER II FORMATION OF THE MALAYAN COMMUNIST PARTY (MCP) The date of the formation of the MCP has not been unanimously agreed even though the party has officially designated it as 30 April 1930. The MCP’s official founding date relied on the memory of Ho Chi Minh (Nguyen Ai Quoc) who presided at the party’s inaugural congress. But, this would have been the Second Representatives’ Congress according to the brief history outlined earlier and to the MCP’s book published after World War II. 1 Even this conference (congress) could have been the second or the third, noted Cheah Boon Kheng. 2 Then again, C. F. Yong suggested that the MCP was founded between early to mid-April 1930. 3 Regarding those two issues, what have the Comintern Files revealed? 1. Was the NPC Congress the Second or the Third? In the short history of the MCP written in February 1942, the CC of the MCP was elected at the Second Congress in 1930 (Chapter I-1.). However, a resolution adopted at that Congress stated that it was the Third Congress of the Malay Archipelago Communist Party (meaning NPC) (Chapter I- 2.). Four other sets of documents noted that it was the Third Congress. The first set is shown in the list of Russian-language documents, 4 the second in the list of English-language documents 5 (see List of Documents of the RSASPH). There was also a third letter in Russian, dated 23 October 1930, which the Eastern Secretariat (ES) of the Comintern had sent to its Far Eastern Bureau (FEB). 6 And, fourthly, there were also letters in Russian sent to Cd. Kuusinen. 7 Since the contemporary (1930) documents were logically the most accurate sources of information, the NPC congress was most probably the Third Congress. 2. Date of the Inaugural Congress None of the documents available to this author explicitly and indisputably mentioned the date of the MCP’s inaugural congress. Among the documents with Russian contents, there is one, “Resolutions at the Third Congress of the Communist Party of the Malay Archipelago”, which was as a whole dated September 1930 to 34
January 1931 (Ф. 495 оп.62 д.3). The documents with English contents (also Ф. 495 оп.62 д.3) included two documents, “Resolutions adopted at the Third Congress of Malaya (sic) Party”, and “Notice! Issued by the CC of the Communist Party of the Malay States: Relating to the Conclusion of the Ⅲ Delegate Congress of the Nanyang Communist Party” (hereafter Notice!); the latter was dated 1 May 1930 (emphasis added). 8 It means the “Notice!” was decided or drafted before 1 May. Relating to the Inaugural Congress, there is one more file each among the Russian and English contents. Both are entitled “Central Circular” (Russian one is “No.1-9, April-May 1931”; English one is “No.1-5”, with no date.) and classified as Ф. 495 оп.62 д.13). Among this file, there is another English document entitled “CC [Central Committee or Central Circular?], the CP of Malay, 1 May, 1930. Regarding to Party affairs” (emphasis added). It might imply that an important conference had been held before 1 May 1930. Meanwhile, part of an English letter, dated 1 June 1930, sent from the CC of the MCP to the English Komparty (sic. Communist Party), London, read: The Malay Komparty is being organised since May 24th, 1930. Formerly, we were a Malay section of the Chinese Komparty. On May 21st, a Conf. [Conference… emphasis added] was called. It was attended by 11 delegates, not including members of the CC [should be Central Committee as in other cases]. A representative of the Eastern Bureau (sic) of the Komintern was present. Following advice of the Bureau, our section was reorganised as an independent Komparty of Malay. Resolutions and programme have been discussed and adopted. Owing to difficulties of communications, we cannot yet send them to you. We will do it as soon as we receive your “private” address. … . At present, we have 1,500 members in the Peninsula. Our Red LU [Labour Union] has 3 industrial unions (rubber, mine, seamen) with 1,333 members; and 11 unions of handicraftsmen with 3,244 members. 35
Page 1 and 2: 2016 NO. 1 The Malayan Communist Pa
Page 3 and 4: ISSUE: 2016 NO. 01 CONTENTS Preface
Page 5 and 6: I would also like to thank Professo
Page 7 and 8: List of Tables Table 1 Membership o
Page 9 and 10: Yong contended that the MCP’s ant
Page 11 and 12: While continuing my research at ISE
Page 13 and 14: 13. Nandao zhi Chun (Spring of Sout
Page 15 and 16: document, dated 15 January 1942, si
Page 17 and 18: 1. Establishment of the Nanyang Pro
Page 19 and 20: PC members, Wen Xin Ruo (Вень
Page 21 and 22: The CCP’s instruction was also sa
Page 23 and 24: In May 1930, under the guidance of
Page 25 and 26: (15) Tan Tiu-jeng, alias Tan Jui-se
Page 27 and 28: 6. Changes in the Comintern’s Str
Page 29 and 30: (1) Name of the Party: for several
Page 31 and 32: Presidium (GC). From the Comintern
Page 33 and 34: Notes 1. Nandao zhi Chun (Spring of
Page 35: 26. US National Archives & Records
Page 39 and 40: Soon after this conference [before
Page 41 and 42: Yong wrote that the MCP was founded
Page 43 and 44: imperialist can be driven out and t
Page 45 and 46: With regard to ((3)-(b)), “people
Page 47 and 48: and Indians, participated in a demo
Page 49 and 50: entitled “The principal demands o
Page 51 and 52: implemented. It is indispensable to
Page 53 and 54: conditions than the native workers.
Page 55 and 56: The MCP’s resolutions quoted abov
Page 57 and 58: 4. Letter from Wang Yung Hai to the
Page 59 and 60: October 1929. In April 1931, the Co
Page 61 and 62: (4) Wang Yung Hai wrote in December
Page 63 and 64: and workers and peasants’ uprisin
Page 65 and 66: We are expecting, after the above m
Page 67 and 68: they had no connections with the Co
Page 69 and 70: It seemed rather strange that the u
Page 71 and 72: code; it was neither translated nor
Page 73 and 74: Details are below: (1) Socio-econom
Page 75 and 76: vii) Create opposition groups in th
Page 77 and 78: quotation marks] of the CCP and rem
Page 79 and 80: 6. Sophie, op., cit., p.169. This p
Page 81 and 82: CHAPTER V THE MCP AND THE COMINTERN
Page 83 and 84: 1932, demonstrations against the Bi
Page 85 and 86: We already have considerable organi
Page 87 and 88:
Membership has not changed since si
Page 89 and 90:
ecorded the arrest on 22 June 1934
Page 91 and 92:
organisations should also participa
Page 93 and 94:
Cruxes are shown first: (1) One del
Page 95 and 96:
As to MCP’s delegates in Shanghai
Page 97 and 98:
Extraordinaire: Lai Teck, Secretary
Page 99 and 100:
CHAPTER VI THE MCP AND THE COMINTER
Page 101 and 102:
was founded in early 1928, 11 the M
Page 103 and 104:
(2) Shanghai Municipal Police Files
Page 105 and 106:
The most important decision taken a
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workers were mobilized, the Chinese
Page 109 and 110:
to “cooperate with Britain”. Th
Page 111 and 112:
We should eliminate the danger of r
Page 113 and 114:
turn favorable. Even though they ha
Page 115 and 116:
of North Malaya insisted that only
Page 117 and 118:
9. Ф. 495 оп.62 д.30. / In its
Page 119 and 120:
CHAPTER VII THE MCP AND THE COMINTE
Page 121 and 122:
assembly, organisation, belief and
Page 123 and 124:
(2) Characteristics of present stru
Page 125 and 126:
(2) Middle-level cadres: Chi Cheng?
Page 127 and 128:
Even among the overseas Chinese, th
Page 129 and 130:
8. Ф. 495 оп.62 д.28. 9. C.F. Y
Page 131 and 132:
Conclusion of the Third Congress of
Page 133 and 134:
MCP and the so-called “Comintern
Page 135 and 136:
the Japanese Army. Immediately afte
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when Lai Teck could not convince th
Page 139 and 140:
Appendix List of Documents of the R
Page 141 and 142:
Table 1. Membership of Trade Unions
Page 143 and 144:
Wang Yung Hai (no Russian) 王永
Page 145 and 146:
Table 3 Membership of the Communist
Page 147 and 148:
Table 5 Leaders of the NPC & the ea
Page 149 and 150:
1-1 From the Comintern Table 6 Exch
Page 151 and 152:
24) 13 Jun. 1939 SC, MCP Resolution
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The Malayan Communist Party as Recorded in the Comintern Files

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