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Optimization<br />

Designing a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA)<br />

Solving the restricted problem should require only a fraction of the effort needed to solve the<br />

continuous problem, as shown in Table 13-9, because the number of variables is smaller and the<br />

solution should be close to the solution of the continuous problem.<br />

Table 13-9. Results of Restricted Problem<br />

Run Fmerit Nb Iter Nb Simul<br />

N1=20, LS=1.5x10 -9 4.9403493 16 130<br />

N1=20, LS=1.75x10 -9 5.4893925 16 131<br />

N1=15, LS=1.5x10 -9 5.4792729 57 467<br />

N1=15, LS=1.75x10 -9 5.0082957 40 329<br />

The value of the merit function Fmerit at the continuous solution is a lower bound on the<br />

restricted solutions. This value was given above and is 4.8781332. The solution obtained for the<br />

run with N1 = 20 and LS =1.5x10 −9 will be a satisfactory solution. The extra computation cost<br />

in solving the additional restricted problems associated with the discrete variables is likely to be<br />

a fraction of the cost to solve the original full continuous problem. If not, this implies that the<br />

discrete solution differs substantially from the continuous solution.<br />

Example of Solving a Pseudodiscrete Variable Problem<br />

The following experiment can be considered a complete enumeration procedure where all the<br />

possible combinations of the discrete values of N1 and LS were tested.<br />

Note<br />

This kind of process is very costly and inefficient and given only for illustrative purposes.<br />

The following statements were used:<br />

.PARAM LS=0.25n<br />

.PARAM N1=30<br />

.STEP PARAM LS 0 3n 0.25n<br />

.STEP PARAM N1 10 50 5<br />

.OPTIMIZE OUTER=LS,N1<br />

This outer loop results shown at the end of the .otm file (some columns were removed to<br />

simplify the results) were:<br />

670<br />

Eldo® User's Manual, 15.3

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