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Journal of the Spanish Institute for Strategic Studies Núm. 7 / 2016 in the Class of LXX, only 141 completed the year successfully; of these, 49 students had to repeat; 51 and 51 of the 245 students in the class of LXXI (2011-2012 academic year) also had to repeat the year. 52 The considerable increase in drop-out and failure rates at the AGM has triggered a heated debate among the general public and even the FAS as to the legitimacy and suitability of the new military higher education model, with two sides emerging: a critical side that believes the model is unsuitable for the training of FAS officers, as has been demonstrated by the results 53 and, on the other side, those who see the model as a solution to the much-needed adaptation of military education to meet new training needs and who regard the drop-out and failure rates as normal. 54 Without wanting to become embroiled in this debate, we do believe it is necessary to mention the possible causes of the increased drop-out and failure rates at the AGM. These include the difficulty of the new curricula, 55 the “harshness” of certain civilian teachers, 56 the lack of preparation of some of the students, their ignorance of military life and homesickness, 57 insufficient time for study, 58 lack of vocation, military spirit or false expectations. 59 51 ÁLVAREZ JIMÉNEZ, Juan Antonio. “Que la AGM tenga un número mayor de bajas no es preocupante”, One Magazine, 30 November 2012, http://www.onemagazine.es/noticia/10672/Sin-Especificar/TG-Alvarez-Jimenez:-Que-la-AGM-tenga-un-numero-mayor-de-bajas-no-es-preocupante-. html [last visited: 28.10.2015]; CALDERÓN Joaquín: “El nuevo plan de enseñanza comienza «a dar frutos» en la Academia General Militar, tras un inicio complicado”, One Magazine, 30 November 2012, http://www.onemagazine.es/noticia/10669/el-nuevo-plan-de-ensenanza-comienza-a-dar-frutosen-la-academia-general-militar-tras-un-inicio-complicado.html [last visited 28.10.2015]. 52 PUENTES, Francisco: “La evolución de la enseñanza militar de formación para oficiales del ET”, op. cit. 53 ÁVILA, Santiago: “A vueltas con la reforma de la enseñanza superior militar”, op. cit. 54 ÁLVAREZ JIMÉNEZ, Juan A.: “Que la AGM tenga un número mayor de bajas no es preocupante”, op. cit.; GAN, Francisco J.: “Consideraciones sobre el primer curso de la enseñanza de formación de oficiales del Cuerpo General del ET”, Revista Ejército, no. 849, 2012, p. 90. General Gan Pampols of the Army Ground Forces was the director of the AGM from 2010 - the year in which the new military education model was introduced - until 2012. 55 CALDERÓN, Joaquín: “El nuevo plan de enseñanza comienza «a dar frutos» en la Academia General Militar, tras un inicio complicado”, op. cit.; PUENTES, Francisco: “La evolución de la enseñanza militar de formación para oficiales del ET”, op. cit. 56 “Los alumnos de la Academia General de Zaragoza no aguantan. Aumentan los abandonos en los últimos cursos por la dureza de Bolonia y la exigencia de los profesores civiles”, El Confidencial Digital, 10 September 2012, http://www.elconfidencialdigital.com/defensa/Academia-General-Zaragoza- Aumentan-Bolonia_0_1904809509.html [last visited: 28.10.2015]. 57 GAN, Francisco J.: “Consideraciones sobre el primer curso de la enseñanza de formación de oficiales del Cuerpo General del ET”, op. cit., p. 89. 58 “Por qué está fracasando la Academia General Militar. Profesores civiles, menos instrucción castrense y rebaja del tiempo de estudio”, El Confidencial Digital, 20 September 2012, http://www.elconfidencialdigital. com/defensa/Academia-General-Militar-Profesores-instruccion_0_1910808921.html [last visited: 28.10.2015]. 59 ÁLVAREZ JIMÉNEZ, Juan A.: “Que la AGM tenga un número mayor de bajas no es preocupante”, op. cit.; CALDERÓN, Joaquín: “El nuevo plan de enseñanza comienza «a dar frutos» en la Academia General Militar, tras un inicio complicado”, op. cit.; “Por qué está fracasando la Academia General Militar. Profesores civiles, menos instrucción castrense y rebaja del tiempo de estudio”, op. cit. 318 http://revista.ieee.es/index.php/ieee
Juan Antonio Martínez Sánchez Thoughts on military education and training in Spain In any event, it it necessary to clarify several issues in this regard: firstly, the alleged “failure” of the new military higher education system that certain authors refer to appears only to apply to the AGM, and not to the ENM or AGA. As can be seen from table 1, during the 2010/11 and 2011/12 academic years, the success rates for cadets in their first year at the CUD in Zaragoza was around 70%, and more than 95% at the CUDs in Vigo (ENM) and San Javier (AGA). Table 1. Success and performance rates of cadets at CUDs since the implementation of the new military education system for officers in 2010. 60 (Source: prepared by the author based on data provided by the CUDs). Secondly, data on the AGM shows that the success and performance rates of recent classes (those of LXXII and LXXIII) increased significantly over those of the 2010/11 academic year, and that the differences between these rates and the rates obtained by cadets at the ENM and AGA were less pronounced. In addition, it should be borne in mind that the courses given at the CUDs are also available at numerous public and private Spanish universities that have similar curricula approved by ANECA. 61 A comparison of the results obtained by cadets at the CUDs with those of students taking the same courses at other universities should prove enlightening. The first piece of data to consider in this case is the information 60 Success rate (SR) = approved academic credits / assessed credits. Performance rate (PR) = approved academic credits / assessed credits. 61 Industrial Engineering and Operations Research undergraduate degree courses are provided by the following universities, among others: Autonomous University of Barcelona, University of the Basque Country, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Pontifical University of Comillas, the Rey Juan Carlos University, University of Seville, University of Deusto and the University of Navarra. On the other hand, Mechanical Engineering undergraduate degree courses can be taken at the following universities, among others: Alfonso X el Sabio University, Jaume I University, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, University of Seville, University of Málaga, University of Cantabria, University of La Rioja, University of Salamanca and University of La Laguna. http://revista.ieee.es/index.php/ieee 319
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