Indian Christianity

HISTORY OF CHRISTIANITY IN INDIA : M. M. NINAN
the ears, nose, the feet and one hand. The British officer James Scurry, was detained a prisoner for 10
years by Tipu Sultan along with the Mangalorean Catholics
A dungeon at Seringapatam. Those Christians who refused to embrace Islam were imprisoned in such dungeons.
Tipu Sultan's rule of the Malabar coast had an adverse impact on the Syrian Malabar Nasrani
community. Many churches in the Malabar and Cochin were damaged. The old Syrian Nasrani seminary
at Angamaly which had been the centre of Catholic religious education for several centuries was razed to
the ground by Tipu's soldiers. A lot of centuries old religious manuscripts were lost forever. The church
was later relocated to Kottayam where it still exists. The Mor Sabor church at Akaparambu and the
Martha Mariam Church attached to the seminary were destroyed as well. Tipu's army set fire to the
church at Palayoor and attacked the Ollur Church in 1790. Furthernmore, the Arthat church and the
Ambazhakkad seminary was also destroyed. Over the course of this invasion, many Syrian Malabar
Nasrani were killed or forcibly converted to Islam. Most of the coconut, arecanut, pepper and cashew
plantations held by the Syrian Malabar farmers were also indiscriminately destroyed by the invading
army. As a result, when Tipu's army invaded Guruvayur and adjacent areas, the Syrian Christian
community fled Calicut and small towns like Arthat to new centres like Kunnamkulam, Chalakudi,
Ennakadu, Cheppadu, Kannankode, Mavelikkara, etc. where there were already Christians. They were
given refuge by Sakthan Tamburan, the ruler of Cochin and Karthika Thirunal, the ruler of Travancore,
who gave them lands, plantations and encouraged their businesses. Colonel Macqulay, the British
resident of Travancore also helped them.
Tipu's persecution of Christians even extended to captured British soldiers. For instance, there were a
significant number of forced conversions of British captives between 1780 and 1784. Following their
disastrous defeat at the 1780 Battle of Pollilur, 7,000 British men along with an unknown number of
women were held captive by Tipu in the fortress of Seringapatnam. Of these, over 300 were circumcised
and given Muslim names and clothes and several British regimental drummer boys were made to wear
ghagra cholis and entertain the court as nautch girls or dancing girls.
Tipu also seized nearly 70,000 Hindus of Coorg along with the King of Coorg, Dodda Vira-Rajendra, and
held them captive at Seringapatam. They were also forcibly converted to Islam and received the same
treatment as the Mangalorean Catholics. From 1786 until 1789, even the Nairs of Malabar were
captured and deported to Seringapatam.
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