Metal Stocks in Society – Scientific Synthesis - Unep Dtie
Metal Stocks in Society – Scientific Synthesis - Unep Dtie
Metal Stocks in Society – Scientific Synthesis - Unep Dtie
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<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Stocks</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Society</strong> <strong>–</strong> <strong>Scientific</strong> <strong>Synthesis</strong><br />
34<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> Reservoir Predom<strong>in</strong>ant<br />
<strong>Metal</strong>-conta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g<br />
F<strong>in</strong>al Goods<br />
Mg Cast<strong>in</strong>gs Transport systems,<br />
components<br />
End-use<br />
Fraction<br />
(percent)<br />
Reference<br />
EstimatedResidence<br />
Time<br />
(years)<br />
59 % (4) —<br />
Mg Alloys Packag<strong>in</strong>g, transport 28 % (4) —<br />
Mn Build<strong>in</strong>g &<br />
construction<br />
Mn Transportation<br />
Mn Industrial durables<br />
Hg Chlor-alkali<br />
production<br />
Hg Manufactured<br />
products<br />
Reference<br />
Structural steel 29 % (4) 30 <strong>–</strong> 40 (8)<br />
High-strength steel 12 % (4) 20 <strong>–</strong> 40 (8)<br />
Industrial (<strong>in</strong>-plant)<br />
mach<strong>in</strong>ery and<br />
equipment<br />
Dental amalgams,<br />
<strong>in</strong>struments, light<strong>in</strong>g<br />
12 % (4) 25 (8)<br />
40 % (13) —<br />
32 % (13) —<br />
Hg Artisanal gold 3 % (13) —<br />
Mo Steel alloys Sta<strong>in</strong>less steel, superalloys<br />
80 % (14) —<br />
Mo Catalysts 8 % (14) —<br />
Ni Build<strong>in</strong>g &<br />
construction<br />
Alloys 9 % (4) 30 <strong>–</strong> 50 (10)<br />
Ni Infrastructure 11 % (4) 30 <strong>–</strong> 50 (8)<br />
Ni Transportation<br />
Ni Consumer<br />
durables<br />
Ni Industrial durables<br />
Pd Transportation<br />
Automotive equipment,<br />
railway equipment,<br />
ship build<strong>in</strong>g,<br />
aviation<br />
Appliances, consumer<br />
electronics,<br />
household products<br />
Industrial (<strong>in</strong>-plant)<br />
mach<strong>in</strong>ery and<br />
equipment<br />
Automotive equipment<br />
33 % (4) 10 <strong>–</strong> 30 (10)<br />
13 % (4) 10 <strong>–</strong> 15 (10)<br />
25 % (4) 20 (10)<br />
57 % (15) 20 <strong>–</strong> 40
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