Understanding NRT- Reading 1- 2 of 2- Radiogaphic Testing A

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Discontinuities in Gas Metal Arc Welds (GMAW) The following discontinuities are most commonly found in GMAW welds. Whiskers are short lengths of weld electrode wire, visible on the top or bottom surface of the weld or contained within the weld. On a radiograph they appear as light, "wire like" indications. Burn-Through results when too much heat causes excessive weld metal to penetrate the weld zone. Often lumps of metal sag through the weld creating a thick globular condition on the back of the weld. These globs of metal are referred to as icicles. On a radiograph, burn through appears as dark spots, which are often surrounded by light globular areas (icicles). Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
Chapter 16: Radiograph Interpretation - Castings The major objective of radiographic testing of castings is the disclosure of defects that adversely affect the strength of the product. Casting are a product form that often receive radiographic inspection since many of the defects produced by the casting process are volumetric in nature and, thus, relatively easy to detect with this method. These discontinuities of course, are related to casting process deficiencies, which, if properly understood, can lead to accurate accept-reject decisions as well as to suitable corrective measures. Since different types and sizes of defects have different effects of the performance of the casting, it is important that the radiographer is able to identify the type and size of the defects. ASTM E155, Standard for Radiographs of castings has been produced to help the radiographer make a better assessment of the defects found components. The castings used to produce the standard radiographs have been destructively analyzed to confirm the size and type of discontinuities present. The following is a brief description of the most common discontinuity types included in existing reference radiograph documents (in graded types or as single illustrations). Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Understandings NRT - Reading 1 Part
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NDT for Upstream Charlie Chong/ Fio
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NDT for Upstream Charlie Chong/ Fio
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang Fion Zhan
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BOK NR- Neutron Radiographic Testin
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4. Interpretation/Evaluation • Im
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang http://gr
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Chapter 6: Radio Isotope (Gamma) So
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Cobalt-60, 60 Co, is a synthetic ra
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γ-Ray Spectrum of Cobalt-60 Charli
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Half-lives (example: Gd) Charlie Ch
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Radio Isotope - Th232 Half life: 1.
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12.7μm sensitive silver halide blu
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Page 55 and 56: THE RECIPROCITY LAW In the sections
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Page 61 and 62: Film Handling X-ray film should alw
Page 63 and 64: Subject contrast is determined by t
Page 65 and 66: Definition Radiographic definition
Page 67 and 68: Film should be located in a light,
Page 69 and 70: Sensitometric checks may be carried
Page 71 and 72: Film viewers should be clean and in
Page 73 and 74: When viewing a particular region of
Page 75 and 76: Radiographic Contrast Charlie Chong
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Page 93 and 94: Incomplete penetration (IP) or lack
Page 95 and 96: Internal concavity or suck back is
Page 97 and 98: External or crown undercut is an er
Page 99 and 100: Inadequate weld reinforcement is an
Page 101 and 102: Cracks can be detected in a radiogr
Page 103: Oxide inclusions are usually visibl
Page 107 and 108: Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
Page 109 and 110: Shrinkage is a form of discontinuit
Page 111 and 112: Dendritic shrinkage is a distributi
Page 113 and 114: Cracks are thin (straight or jagged
Page 115 and 116: Core shift shows itself as a variat
Page 117 and 118: Mottling is a radiographic indicati
Page 119 and 120: Incomplete penetration, as the name
Page 121 and 122: Root edge condition shows the penet
Page 123 and 124: Real-time radiography is a well-est
Page 125 and 126: Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
Page 127 and 128: Read More: https://www.nde-ed.org/T
Page 129: Good Luck! Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhan
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Understanding NRT- Reading 1- 2 of 2- Radiogaphic Testing A

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