Mahakhandhako, The Great Chapter sections 1-4

The Great Chapter - 16
“Yadā have pātubhavanti dhammā
“When (the nature of) things 26 becomes really manifest
Ātāpino jhāyato brāhmaṇassa,
To the ardent meditating brāhmaṇa, 27
Athassa kaṅkhā vapayanti sabbā,
Then all his doubts disappear,
Yato pajānāti sahetudhamman”-ti.
Since he knows (the nature of a) thing and its cause.” 28
* * *
Atha kho Bhagavā rattiyā majjhimaṁ yāmaṁ,
Then the Gracious One, 29 for the middle watch of the night,
paṭiccasamuppādaṁ anulomapaṭilomaṁ manasākāsi:
applied his mind thoroughly to conditional origination in forward and reverse order:
“Avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā,
“Because of ignorance there are (volitional) processes,
saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṁ,
because of (volitional) processes: consciousness,
viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṁ,
because of consciousness: mind and body,
nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatanaṁ,
because of mind and body: the six sense spheres,
saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso,
because of the six sense spheres: contact,
26 Comm: Dhammā ti anulomapaccayākārapaṭivedhasādhikā Bodhipakkhiyādhammā ... Catu-
Ariyasaccadhammā; the (nature of) things means things on the side of Awakening that effect
the experience of the causal series in forward order ... [or] ... (understanding the nature of)
the Four Noble Truths. This verse refers to understanding the origination of suffering.
27 Comm: brāhmaṇassā ti bāhitapāpassa khīṇāsavassa; to the one who has destroyed the
pollutants and removed wickedness.
28 Comm: avijjādikena hetunā sahetukaṁ imaṁ saṅkhārādiṁ kevalaṁ
dukkhakkhandhadhammaṁ pajānāti; he knows ignorance and so on and its cause, together
with its cause, this whole mass of suffering beginning with (mental) processes and so on.
29 Udāna has a longer opening here parallel to the first discourse; the same remark applies to
the next section, cf. Udāna 1.2 and 1.3.