The Buddha-Carita or The Life of Buddha by Ven. Aśvaghoṣa

A Sanskrit and English line by line (interlinear) version of one of the most important and influential biographies of the Buddha (together with extensive annotation). A Sanskrit and English line by line (interlinear) version of one of the most important and influential biographies of the Buddha (together with extensive annotation).

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Buddha-carita, or The Life of Buddha - 23 dviradaradamayīmatho mahārhā sitasitapuṣpabhtā maṇipradīpām | abhajata śivikā śivāya devī tanayavatī praṇipatya devatābhyaḥ || 1.91 (1.86) 91. Then the queen with her babe having worshipped the gods for good fortune, occupied a costly palanquin made of elephants’ tusks, filled with all kinds of white flowers, and blazing with gems. puramatha purataḥ praveśya patnī sthavirajanānugatāmapatyanāthām | npatirapi jagāma paurasaghairdivamamarairmaghavānivārcyamānaḥ || 1.92 (1.87) 92. Having made his wife with her child 1 enter first into the city, accompanied by the aged attendants, the king himself also advanced, saluted by the hosts of the citizens, as Indra entering heaven, saluted by the immortals. bhavanamatha vigāhya śākyarājo bhava iva ṣaṇmukhajanmanā pratītaḥ | idamidamiti harṣapūrṇavaktro bahuvidhapuṣṭiyaśaskara vyadhatta || 1.93 (1.88) 93. The Śākya king, having entered his palace, like Bhava 2 well-pleased at the birth of Kārttikeya, 3 with his face full of joy, gave orders for lavish expenditure, showing all kinds of honour and liberality. 4 iti narapatiputrajanmavddhyā sajanapada kapilāhvaya pura tat | dhanadapuramivāpsaro ’vakīrṇa muditamabhūnnalakūvaraprasūtau || 1.94 (1.89) 94. Thus at the good fortune of the birth of the king’s son, that city surnamed after Kapila, with all the surrounding inhabitants, was full of gladness like the city of the lord of wealth, 5 crowded with heavenly nymphs, at the birth of his son Nalakūvara. iti śrībuddhacarite mahākāvye bhagavatprasūtirnāma prathamaḥ sargaḥ || 1 || [Such is the first chapter in the great poem Śri Buddhacarita, called The Birth of the Holy One] 6 1 Apatyanāthām might also mean ‘having her child as her protector.’ 2 Sc. Śīva. 3 Shaṇmukha. 4 Bahuvidhapuṣṭiyaśaskaram seems to be used as an adverb to vyadhatta, ‘he made expenditure.’ 5 Kuvera. 6 The end-titles are not translated in Cowell’s version, nor in Johnston’s, but can be inferred from the Chapter Titles given by the latter, which are again omitted by Cowell.

Buddha-carita, or The Life of Buddha - 24 Book II: [Antaḥpuravihāro] [Life in the Palace] ā janmano janmajarātakasya tasyātmajasyātmajitaḥ sa rājā | ahanyahanyarthagajāśvamitrairvddhi yayau sidharivābuvegaiḥ || 2.1 1. From the time of the birth of that son of his, who, the true master of himself, was to end all birth and old age, the king increased day by day in wealth, elephants, horses, and friends as a river increases with its influx of waters. dhanasya ratnasya ca tasya tasya ktāktasyaiva ca kācanasya | tadā hi naikātmanidhīnavāpi manorathasyāpyatibhārabhūtān || 2.2 2. Of different kinds of wealth and jewels, and of gold, wrought or unwrought, he found 1 treasures of manifold variety, 2 surpassing even the capacity of his desires. ye padmakalpairapi ca dvipedrairna maḍala śakyamihābhinetum | madotkaṭā haimavatā gajāste vināpi yatnādupatasthurenam || 2.3 3. Elephants from Himavat, raging with rut, whom not even princes of elephants like Padma 3 could teach to go round in circles, came without any effort and waited on him. nānākacihnairnavahemabhāḍairabhūṣitairlabasaṭaistathānyaiḥ | sacukṣubhe cāsya pura turagairbalena maitryā ca dhanena cāptaiḥ || 2.4 4. His city was all astir with the crowds of horses, some adorned with various marks and decked with new golden trappings, others unadorned and with long flowing manes, — suitable alike in strength, gentleness, and costly ornaments. 4 puṣṭāśca tuṣṭāśca tadāsya rājye sādhvyo ’rajaskā guṇavatpayaskāḥ | udagravatsaiḥ sahitā babhūvurbahvyo bahukṣīraduhaśca gāvaḥ || 2.5 5. And many fertile cows, with tall calves, gathered in his kingdom, well nourished and happy, gentle and without fierceness, and producing excellent milk. madhyasthatā tasya ripurjagāma madhyasvabhāvaḥ prayayau suhttvam | viśeṣato dārḍhyamiyāya mitra dvāvasya pakṣāvaparastu nāśam || 2.6 6. His enemies became indifferent; indifference grew into friendship; his friends became specially united; were there two sides, — one passed into oblivion. 1 I suppose avāpi to be used as a middle aorist like abodhi (cf, Śiśup. i, 3). Should we read avāpa? 2 I take naikātman as ‘of manifold nature’. 3 Mahāpadma is the name of the elephant which supports the world in the South. 4 I read āptaiḥ.

<strong>Buddha</strong>-carita, <strong>or</strong> <strong>The</strong> <strong>Life</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Buddha</strong> - 24<br />

Book II: [Antaḥpuravihāro]<br />

[<strong>Life</strong> in the Palace]<br />

ā janmano janmajarātakasya tasyātmajasyātmajitaḥ sa rājā |<br />

ahanyahanyarthagajāśvamitrairvddhi yayau sidharivābuvegaiḥ || 2.1<br />

1. From the time <strong>of</strong> the birth <strong>of</strong> that son <strong>of</strong> his, who, the true master <strong>of</strong> himself, was to<br />

end all birth and old age, the king increased day <strong>by</strong> day in wealth, elephants, h<strong>or</strong>ses,<br />

and friends as a river increases with its influx <strong>of</strong> waters.<br />

dhanasya ratnasya ca tasya tasya ktāktasyaiva ca kācanasya |<br />

tadā hi naikātmanidhīnavāpi man<strong>or</strong>athasyāpyatibhārabhūtān || 2.2<br />

2. Of different kinds <strong>of</strong> wealth and jewels, and <strong>of</strong> gold, wrought <strong>or</strong> unwrought, he<br />

found 1 treasures <strong>of</strong> manifold variety, 2 surpassing even the capacity <strong>of</strong> his desires.<br />

ye padmakalpairapi ca dvipedrairna maḍala śakyamihābhinetum |<br />

madotkaṭā haimavatā gajāste vināpi yatnādupatasthurenam || 2.3<br />

3. Elephants from Himavat, raging with rut, whom not even princes <strong>of</strong> elephants like<br />

Padma 3 could teach to go round in circles, came without any eff<strong>or</strong>t and waited on him.<br />

nānākacihnairnavahemabhāḍairabhūṣitairlabasaṭaistathānyaiḥ |<br />

sacukṣubhe cāsya pura turagairbalena maitryā ca dhanena cāptaiḥ || 2.4<br />

4. His city was all astir with the crowds <strong>of</strong> h<strong>or</strong>ses, some ad<strong>or</strong>ned with various marks<br />

and decked with new golden trappings, others unad<strong>or</strong>ned and with long flowing<br />

manes, — suitable alike in strength, gentleness, and costly <strong>or</strong>naments. 4<br />

puṣṭāśca tuṣṭāśca tadāsya rājye sādhvyo ’rajaskā guṇavatpayaskāḥ |<br />

udagravatsaiḥ sahitā babhūvurbahvyo bahukṣīraduhaśca gāvaḥ || 2.5<br />

5. And many fertile cows, with tall calves, gathered in his kingdom, well nourished<br />

and happy, gentle and without fierceness, and producing excellent milk.<br />

madhyasthatā tasya ripurjagāma madhyasvabhāvaḥ prayayau suhttvam |<br />

viśeṣato dārḍhyamiyāya mitra dvāvasya pakṣāvaparastu nāśam || 2.6<br />

6. His enemies became indifferent; indifference grew into friendship; his friends<br />

became specially united; were there two sides, — one passed into oblivion.<br />

1 I suppose avāpi to be used as a middle a<strong>or</strong>ist like abodhi (cf, Śiśup. i, 3). Should we read<br />

avāpa?<br />

2 I take naikātman as ‘<strong>of</strong> manifold nature’.<br />

3 Mahāpadma is the name <strong>of</strong> the elephant which supp<strong>or</strong>ts the w<strong>or</strong>ld in the South.<br />

4 I read āptaiḥ.

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