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The Gentile Times Reconsidered Chronology Christ

An historical and biblical refutation of 1914, a favorite year of Jehovah's Witnesses and other Bible Students. By Carl Olof Jonsson.

An historical and biblical refutation of 1914, a favorite year of Jehovah's Witnesses and other Bible Students. By Carl Olof Jonsson.

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Sham Scholarship 471<br />

Throughout the historical books, the Psalms, and the prophets, the word<br />

goim primarily signifies those nations which lived in the immediate<br />

neighbourhood of the Jewish people; they were regarded as enemies, as<br />

ignorant of the truth, and sometimes as tyrants.<br />

This is corroborated by Brown-Driver-Briggs (page 156), according to which<br />

this term (goy) is used ‘usually of non-Hebr. peoples’. In a way, the seed of this<br />

development was sown very early -- as we know, when Noah’s offspring had<br />

reached 70 generations the Scriptural narrative began focusing on Shem’s line,<br />

and from Abraham, Isaac and Jacob and his twelve sons onward the focus was<br />

narrowed down to just one nation, the chosen one, especially after the law<br />

covenant was given to it at Sinai. Of course, that did not mean that the other<br />

nations were never mentioned again, but from then on they were on the<br />

sidelines, as it were, as ‘the nations’, meaning the non-Jews, i.e. the heathen or<br />

<strong>Gentile</strong>s, as they are often called in older translations, such as KJV. <strong>The</strong> word<br />

itself occurs more than 830 times in the Hebrew Bible, and of these 86 or more<br />

than 10% are found in the book of Jeremiah; actually, in accord with the<br />

developments of his time, it is the Bible book with the most occurrences of this<br />

word. It is primarily used in the plural (goyim), often determined (haggoyim) and<br />

with the word kol (‘all’) in front; thus kol-haggoyim (‘all the nations’) occurs 16<br />

times in Jeremiah; there are also definite forms like the one in 25:11, that is,<br />

haggoyim ha’elleh (‘the nations the these’). This is a very emphatic construction,<br />

indicating (like all the determined ones, only stronger than most) that the<br />

nations referred to are well known to both the speaker and the listener. To<br />

anyone familiar with the contents of the prophecy of Jeremiah this comes as no<br />

surprise. – Gen. 10:1-32; 11:10-12:5; 17:1-27; 26:1-5; 35:22b-27; Ex. 19:1-20:21;<br />

24:1-18; 34:1-17; Deut. 7:1-7; 11:23, 24; 26:17-19; 28:1; Josh. 11:23; 2 Sam. 7:23;<br />

l Kgs 4:20-25.<br />

Actually, we have other witnesses to the understanding of Jeremiah defended<br />

here, namely the Watchtower writers who produced the book “All Scripture Is<br />

Inspired of God and Beneficial” (New York 1990), in which we read on page 127,<br />

paragraph 20:<br />

Jehovah’s controversy with the nations<br />

(25:1-38). This chapter is a summary of judgments that appear in greater detail<br />

in chapters 45-49. By three parallel prophecies, Jehovah now pronounces<br />

calamity for all the nations on earth. First, Nebuchadrezzar is identified as<br />

Jehovah’s servant to devastate Judah and the surrounding nations, “and these nations<br />

will have to serve the king of Babylon seventy years.” <strong>The</strong>n it will be Babylon’s turn,<br />

and she will become “desolate wastes to time indefinite.” – 25:1-14 (emphasis<br />

added).<br />

Thus the Watchtower people are in full agreement with the Bible on this point,<br />

although their pupil, RF, has chosen to view things differently. Actually, he<br />

again shows that he knows full well what is the natural translation of the latter<br />

clause in Jer. 25:11, namely the one shown as number 1 on top of page 84, ‘and<br />

these nations will serve the king of Babylon seventy years.’ Moreover, his claim<br />

that the context focuses ‘upon the inhabitants of Judah rather than on some<br />

undefined nations’ is palpably false: as has been already demonstrated clearly,

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