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The Gentile Times Reconsidered Chronology Christ

An historical and biblical refutation of 1914, a favorite year of Jehovah's Witnesses and other Bible Students. By Carl Olof Jonsson.

An historical and biblical refutation of 1914, a favorite year of Jehovah's Witnesses and other Bible Students. By Carl Olof Jonsson.

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‘ad-ratsetah ha’arets ‘et -shabbetoteyha kol-yemey hashammah shabbatah<br />

Sham Scholarship 467<br />

until-she-enjoyed the-land her-sabbaths all-days to-be-desolate she-rested<br />

‘az tirtseh ha’arets ‘et-shabbetoteyha ...kol-yemey hashammah tishebat<br />

then she-will-enjoy the-land her-sabbaths ...all-days to-be-desolate she-willrest<br />

<strong>The</strong>se statements are nearly identical, the only differences being found in the<br />

words expressing time, namely the two introductory particles and the tenses of<br />

the first and the last verb in each of them: in Leviticus the first particle is‘az, an<br />

adverb signifying ‘then’, here clearly referring to the future, while the Chronicler<br />

has‘ad, a preposition meaning ‘until’, pointing back in time. Both use the same<br />

verbs, in almost the same grammatical form, namely qal, 3rd prs sg fem, the<br />

only difference being in the tense; the first verb is ratsah (‘to enjoy’), for which<br />

Leviticus has the future tirtseh (‘she will enjoy’), while the Chronicler has the<br />

preterite ratsetah (‘she enjoyed’), signifying the past. <strong>The</strong>n the final verb is<br />

shabbat, (‘to rest’), with the Chronicler it is in the preterite, shabbatah, (‘she<br />

rested’), while in Leviticus it is tishebat (‘she will rest’), in the future tense. <strong>The</strong><br />

subjects, the direct objects and the time adverbials, also the verbs following<br />

(hashammah, ‘to be desolate’) are identical in both clauses.<br />

<strong>The</strong>re can be little doubt that the Chronicler had both the prophecy of<br />

Jeremiah and the book of Leviticus to hand when he penned the last chapter of<br />

his book, and it is interesting to see how he took exactly the relevant parts of<br />

Leviticus 26:34, 35 and added them to his own statement in 36:21 which<br />

included the information from Jeremiah, who, however, had nothing from<br />

Leviticus at all.<br />

RF’s parallels<br />

Alas, on page 80 RF persists in his stubbornness, stating quite untruthfully that<br />

‘Jeremiah was the first to mention an exile of 70 years’ which he was not, for<br />

neither he nor anyone else did that! He mentioned the seventy years, also the<br />

exile and its end, but neither he nor any other prophet stated in just so many<br />

words that that exile would last 70 years! Apparently we have to repeat that<br />

statement time and again, because RF stubbornly refuses to admit that simple<br />

truth! <strong>The</strong>n, in the last passage before RF’s ‘parallels’ we note a printing error in<br />

the third line from the bottom, where ‘lead’ should read ‘led’. As for the many<br />

scriptures he has selected for these ‘parallels’, there is of course nothing wrong<br />

with them, only they do not prove his contentions, which of course couldn’t be<br />

expected.<br />

However, let us take a look at these parallels in which he compares verses from<br />

Jeremiah with verses from Leviticus: first, we note that not one of the verses<br />

here taken from Jeremiah contains a literal quotation from Leviticus! <strong>The</strong>y even<br />

seem to have been chosen rather haphazardly, as though RF has merely picked<br />

them out at random from a concordance, with no proper study of their<br />

contents, to wit:<br />

In the first one, Jer. 11:10 vs Lev. 26:14, the latter ought to have been or at least<br />

included verse 15, and the next one, Lev. 26:31, should have been or included

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