The Gentile Times Reconsidered Chronology Christ

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The Length of Reigns of the Neo-Babylonian Kings 137 The inventory tablet SAKF 165 The text presents an inventory of wool stuff for five successive years, from Nabonidus’ 15th year to Cyrus’ 2nd year (541–537 B.C.E.). From Karl Oberhuber, Sumerische und akkadische Keilschriftsdenkmäler des Archäologischen Museums zu Florenz (Innsbruck, 1960). Obverse (above) and reverse (below).
138 THE GENTILE TIMES RECONSIDERED The royal name was evidently given only for the first year of each ruler. But as the immediate predecessor of Cyrus was Nabonidus, “year 15”, “year 16”, and “year 17” clearly refer to his reign. The inventory of the year following upon “year 17” ends with the words, “year 1, Cyrus, King of Babylon, King of the Lands” (line 39). The last lines of the entry for the fifth year of inventory are damaged, and “year 2” (of Cyrus) can only be understood as implied. 97 11) In ancient Mesopotamia, in the various temples the presence of the deities was represented by their statues. In times of war, when a city was taken, the temples were usually looted and the divine statues were carried away as “captives” to the land of the conquerors. As such captures were seen by the citizens as an omen that the gods had abandoned the city and called for its destruction, they often tried to protect the statues by moving them to a safer place at the approach of a military force. This is what happened shortly before the Persian invasion of northern Babylonia in 539 B.C.E., when according to the Nabonidus Chronicle Nabonidus ordered a gathering of the gods of several cities into Babylon. The same chronicle also tells that Cyrus, after the fall of Babylon, returned the statues to their respective cities. 98 As discussed by Dr. Paul-Alain Beaulieu, there are several documents from the archive of the Eanna temple of Uruk which confirm that, in the seventeenth year of Nabonidus, the statue of Ishtar (referred to in the documents as “Lady-of-Uruk” or “Lady of the Eanna”) was brought upstream by boat on the river Euphrates to Babylon. Further, these documents also show that the regular offerings to this statue of Ishtar were not interrupted during her temporary stay at Babylon. Cargoes of barley and other kinds of foodstuff for her cult were sent from Uruk to Babylon. One example of this is given by a tablet in the Yale Babylonian Collection, YOS XIX:94, which is dated to the seventeenth year of Nabonidus and records a deposition before the assembly of the noblemen of Uruk: (These are) the mar banî [noblemen] in whose presence Zeriya, son of Ardiya, has thus spoken: Bazuzu, son of Ibni-Ishtar, 97 Ibid., p. 209. A transliteration of the tablet is given by Karl Oberhuber in his Sumerische and akkadische Keilschriftdenkmäler des Archäologischen Museums zu Florenz (= Innsbruck Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft, Sonderheft 8, Innsbruck, 1960), pp. 111–113. 98 A. K. Grayson, ABC (1975), pp. 109, 110.
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THE GENTILE TIMES RECONSIDERED Carl
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Contents Foreword v Introduction 1
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2 I BIBLICAL AND SECULAR CHRONOLOGY
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6 I THE “SEVEN TIMES” OF DANIEL
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For Chapter One: APPENDIX ADDITIONA
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THE 20TH YEAR OF ARTAXERXES AND THE
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PROFESSOR ROBERT R. NEWTON, “PTOL
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A critical review of Rolf Furuli’
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The Gentile Times Reconsidered Chronology Christ

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