Understanding API ICP653 Reading 15-Worksheet-11a

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang


Expert at Works 







Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang 

Fion Zhang at Shanghai 

22 nd March 2016

http://independent.academia.edu/CharlieChong1 

http://www.yumpu.com/zh/browse/user/charliechong 

http://issuu.com/charlieccchong 


The Magical Book of Tank Inspection ICP 


API 653 Exam Administration -- Publications 

Effectivity Sheet FOR: November 2015, March 

2016 and July 2016 

Listed below are the effective editions of the publications required for this 

exam for the date(s) shown above. 

API Recommended Practice 571, Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment in 

the Refining Industry, Second Edition, April 2011 


API 653 Exam Administration -- Publications 

Effectivity Sheet FOR: November 2015, March 

2016 and July 2016 

Listed below are the effective editions of the publications required for this 

exam for the date(s) shown above. 

API Recommended Practice 571, Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment in 

the Refining Industry, Second Edition, April 2011 


ATTENTION: Only the following sections / mechanisms from RP 571 are 

included on the exam: 

Section 3, Definitions 

Par. 4.2.7 Brittle Fracture 

4.2.16 Mechanical Fatigue 

4.3.2 Atmospheric Corrosion 

4.3.3 Corrosion Under insulation (CUI) 

4.3.8 Microbiologically Induced Corrosion (MIC) 

4.3.9 Soil Corrosion 

4.3.10 Caustic Corrosion 

4.5.1 Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking (Cl-SCC) 

4.5.3 Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking (Caustic Embrittlement) 

5.1.1.10 Sour Water Corrosion (Acidic) 

5.1.1.11 Sulfuric Acid Corrosion 


• API Recommended Practice 575, Inspection of Atmospheric and Low- 

Pressure Storage Tanks, Third Edition, April 2014 

• API Recommended Practice 577 – Welding Inspection and Metallurgy, 

Second Edition, December 2013 

• API Standard 650, Welded Tanks for Oil Storage, Twelfth Edition, March 

2013 with Addendum 1 (September 2014), Errata 1 (July 2013), and 

Errata 2 (December 2014). 

• API Recommended Practice 651, Cathodic Protection of Aboveground 

Petroleum Storage Tanks, Fourth Edition, September 2014. 

• API Recommended Practice 652, Lining of Aboveground Petroleum 

Storage Tank Bottoms, Fourth Edition, September 2014 

• API Standard 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and 

Reconstruction, Fifth Edition, November 2014. 


• American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), Boiler and Pressure 

Vessel Code, 2013 Edition 

i. ASME Section V, Nondestructive Examination, Articles 1, 2, 6, 7 and 23 

(section SE-797 only) 

ii. Section IX, Welding and Brazing Qualifications (Welding Only) 

See end of this study note for API Official BOK 



闭门练功 


ASME SECTION IX EXERCISES 



#1

TASK# 1 

Read the following paragraphs then answer the questions. 

General Requirements QW-100 thru QW-195 

Q1. The cut surfaces of guided-bend test specimens is designated as the: 

(a) sides. 

(b) face. 

(c) root. 

Q2. What is the angular deviation for groove weld tests from the specified 

inclined plane? 

(a) None/ 

(b) ±5° 

(c)±10° 


Q3. The ——— is intended to provide direction for the welder, while the ——— 

was used in qualifying the ——— and details the test results. 

(a) WPS-PQR-WPQ 

(b) WPS-WPQ.-WPS 

(c) WPS-PQR-WPS, 

ANS: c 

Q4. What Figure Number is used for procedure qualification, reduced-section 

tension tests specimens, for pipe having an O.D. greater than 3"? 

(a) OW-462.1 

(b) QW462.1 

(c) QW462.1 

ANS: 


Q5. Where are notch-toughness requirements for the specimen, orientation 

and acceptance criteria found? 

(a) ASTM E208 

(b) SA-370 

(c) Construction Code 

ANS: b 

Q6. The radiographic acceptance criteria for welders qualified in accordance 

with QW-142 is found in: 

(a) The Construction Code 

(b) QW-191.2.2 

(c) QW-192.2 

ANS: 


Q7. The qualification of a new WPS or there-qualification of an existing WPS 

shall be in accordance with the: 

(a) component contract date. 

(b) current Edition and Addenda of Section IX. 

(c) 1962 or later Edition of Section IX. 

ANS: b 

Q8. In relation to the surface of the plate or pipe, what is the required test 

position orientation of a stud during welding? 

(a) Perpendicular to the surface. 

(b) ± 15 ° from the specified horizontal plane 

(c) ± 15 ° from the specified vertical plane. 

ANS: 


Q9. How is the minimum specimen curvature of guided-bend jig specimens 

verified'? 

(a) A 1/8" diameter wire cannot be inserted between the specimen and the 

die. 

(b) A 1/8" diameter wire cannot be inserted between the specimen and the 

plunger. 

(c) The specimen is bottomed ejected. 

Q10. How is the tensile strength of a tension test specimen computed? 

(a) Dividing the maximum load by the least cross-sectional area of the 

specimen as measured before the load is applied. 

(b) Dividing the maximum load by the least cross-sectional area of the 

specimen as measured after the load is applied. 

(c) Measuring the percent of outer fiber elongation as required by the 

construction Code . 

ANS: b 


Q11.What pipe fillet weld test positions are not to be rotated during welding? 

(a) 2F-3F-4F-5F 

(b) 1 F-3F-5F 

(c) 2F-4F-5F 

ANS: a 

Q12. What pipe fillet weld test positions are allowed to be rotated during 

welding? 

(a) 1F-2F-2FR 

(b) 1F-2FR-3F 

(c) 1F-2FR 

ANS: 


Q13. Procedure and performance macro-examination specimens are etched 

to give clear definition of: · 

(a) weld metal and heat affected zone. 

(b) inclusions and porosity. 

(c) root of the weld. 

ANS: a 

Q14. Under what conditions are tension tests considered acceptable if the 

specimen breaks in the base metal outside the weld or fusion line? 

(a) Lf there are no open defects exceeding 1/16" measured In any direction. 

(b) If the strength is not more than 5% below the specified minimum tensile 

strength of the base metal. 

(c) Lf there are no open defects exceeding 1/8” in the bond line. 

ANS: a 


Task# I Ref Para 

1. A QW-161 

2. B QW-120 

3. C QW-100.1 

4. B QW-151.2 

5. C QW-171.2, 171.3 

6. B QW-191.2.2 

7. B QW-100.3 

8. QW-123.1 

9. A QW-162.1 

10. A QW-152 

11. C QW-132.2, 132.3,132.4 

12. C QW-132.1, 132.2 

13. A QW-183 

14. B QW-153.l (d) 



#2

Q1. Under what conditions may a WPS, PQR or WPQ qualified in accordance 

with the 1957 Edition be used? 

(a) When they meet the requirements of the 1962 or any later Edition. 

(b) After they have been revised to reflect the latest Edition of Section IX. 

(c) Not permitted. 

ANS: a 

Q2: The methodology for the qualification of welders and welding operators 

by radiography are given in: 

(a) QW-191.2 

(b) Article 2, Section V 

(c) The construction Code 

ANS: b 


QW-191.1 Radiographic Examination 

QW-191.1.1 Method. The radiographic examination 

in QW-142 for welders and in QW-143 for welding operators 

shall meet the requirements of Article 2, Section V, 

except as follows: 

(a) a written radiographic examination procedure is not 

required. Demonstration of density and image quality 

requirements on production or technique radiographs shall 

be considered satisfactory evidence of compliance with 

Article 2 of Section V 

(b) final acceptance of radiographs shall be based on 

the ability to see the prescribed image and the specified 

hole of a hole-type image quality indicator (IQI) or the 

designated wire of a wire-type IQI. The acceptance standards 

of QW-191.1.2 shall be met. 


QW-191.2 Ultrasonic Examination 

QW-191.2.1 Method 

(a) The ultrasonic examination in QW-142 for welders 

and in QW-143 for welding operators may be conducted 

on test welds in material 1⁄2 in. (13 mm) thick or greater. 

(b) Ultrasonic examinations shall be performed using a 

written procedure verified by the manufacturer to be in 

compliance with paragraph T-150, Article 1, Section V 

and the requirements of Article 4, Section V for methods, 

procedures, and qualifications. 

(c) Ultrasonic examination personnel shall meet the 

requirements of QW-191.2.2. 


Q3. When may longitudinal-bend tests be used in lieu of transverse guided 

bend tests to qualify a WPS? 

(a) When the axis of the weld is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the 

specimen. 

(b) When the weld metal or base metal combinations differ markedly in 

bending properties between the two base metals or the weld metal and 

base metal. 

(c) When the axis of the weld is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the 

specimen. 

ANS: b 

Q4. The dimensioning requirements for reduced-section tension specimens 

for pipe having an O.D. less than 3 in. are found in; 

(a) QW-462.1 (a) 

(b) QW-462.1 (b) 

(c) QW-462.1 (c) 

ANS: c 


Q5. Welding procedures qualified in accordance with the 1974 Edition needs 

to be amended or revised to the Edition mandated for construction. 

(a) True 

(b) False 

ANS: b 

Welding Procedure Specifications and Welder/Welding Operator Performance Qualification records meeting the above 

requirements do not need to be amended to include any variables required by later Editions and Addenda except as specified in 

QW-420 

Q6. What is the angular deviation in groove weld test positions from the 

specified horizontal and vertical planes during welding? 

(a) ± 5° 

(b) ±10° 

(c) ±15° ANS: a 

Q7. Tension tests and Guided-Bend tests are two mechanical weld tests 

which employ ____type weld joint configurations. 

(a) stud 

(b) groove 

(c) fillet ANS: b 


QW-100.3 Welding Procedure Specifications (WPS) written and qualified in 

accordance with the rules of this Section, and welders and welding operators 

of automatic and machine welding equipment also qualified in accordance 

with these rules may be used in any construction built to the requirements of 

the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code or the ASME B31 Code for 

Pressure Piping. However, other Sections of the Code state the rules under 

which Section IX requirements are mandatory, in whole or in part, and give 

additional requirements. The reader is advised to take these provisions into 

consideration when using this Section. 

Welding Procedure Specifications, Procedure Qualification Records, and 

Welder/Welding Operator Performance Qualification made in accordance with 

the requirements of the 1962 Edition or any later Edition of Section IX may be 

used in any construction built to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code 

or the ASME B31 Code for Pressure Piping. 


Welding Procedure Specifications, Procedure Qualification Records, and 

Welder/Welding Operator Performance Qualification made in accordance with 

the requirements of the Editions of Section IX prior to 1962, in which all of the 

requirements of the 1962 Edition or later Editions are met, may also be used. 

Welding Procedure Specifications and Welder/Welding Operator 

Performance Qualification records meeting the above requirements do not 

need to be amended to include any variables required by later Editions and 

Addenda except as specified in QW-420. 

Qualification of new Welding Procedure Specifications or Welders/Welding 

Operators and requalification of existing Welding Procedure Specifications or 

Welders/ Welding Operators shall be in accordance with the current Edition 

(see Foreword) and Addenda of Section IX. 


Q8. What are the test orientations of pipe groove welds? 

(a) 1G-2G-5G-6G 

(b) 1G-3G-5G-6G 

(c) 1G-2G-3G-4G 

ANS: a 

Q9. What is the purpose of the welding operator's performance qualification? 

(a) To determine the operator's ability to deposit sound weld metal. 

(b) To determine the operator's mechanical ability to operate the welding 

equipment. 

(c) To determine the WPS is capable of producing the required mechanical 

properties. 

ANS: b 


Q10. What dimensional requirement is there for the guided-bend test jig 

mandrel being used on specimens wider than 1-1/2"? 

(a) At least ½" wider than the specimen width .. 

(b) At least 1/8" wider than the specimen width. 

(c) At least 1/4 “ wider than the specimen width. 

ANS: c 

Q11. The substitution of radiography for mechanical testing is permitted for 

welder and welding operator performance qualifications except as restricted 

by QW-304 & 305. 

(a) True 

(b) False 

ANS: a 

Q12. At what base metal thickness shall the multiple turned tension 

specimens be used? The specimens are cut through the full thickness of the 

weld with their centers parallel to the metal surface and not over 1" apart. 

(a) 5/8" 

(b) > 1" 

(c)

Task#2 Ref Para. 

1. A QW-10()3 

2. B QW-191.1 

3. B QW-161.5 

4. C QW-151.2 

5. B QW-100.3 

6. A QW-120 

7. B QW-141.1, 141.2 

8. A QW-122 

9. B QW-100.2 

10. C QW-162.1 

11. A QW-142, 143 

12. B QW-151.3 (b) 



#3

Reading: General Requirements 

QW-100 thru QW-195 

Q1. The qualifications of welders and welding operators by radiography are 

documented on Form QW-484 that is only a suggested form. 

(a) True 

(b) False 

ANS: a 

Q2. What is the minimum tensile strength for tension tests if the base metals 

have different minimum tensile strengths? 

(a) The specified minimum tensile strength of the stronger of the two. 

(b) The specified minimum tensile strength of the weld metal. 

(c) The specified minimum tensile strength of the weaker of the two. 

ANS: c 


Q3: The open defects for guided-bend test specimen of the convex surface of 

the weld or heat affected zone shall not exceed ____ 

(a) 1/16". 

(b) 1/8" 

(c) 3/16“ 

ANS: b 

Q4. The PQR qualification test determines the ___ of the___ but not the ___ 

of the welder or welding operator. 

(a) properties-weldment-skill 

(b) skill-welder-qualification 

(c) qualification-welder-skill 

ANS: a 


Q5. What constitutes a "set" of reduced multiple section specimens for plate 

or pipe tension tests? 

(a) Strips of equal size that can be tested in the available equipment. 

(b) All specimens representing the full thickness of the weld at one location. 

(c) All specimens representing half the thickness ofthe weld at one location. 

ANS: a 

Q6. What is the purpose of the welder's performance qualification? 

(a) To determine the welder's ability to operate the equipment. 

(b) To determine the mechanical properties of the weldment. 

(c) To determine the welder's ability to deposit sound weld metal. 

ANS: c 


QW-151-1(c) 

(c) When multiple specimens are used, in lieu of full 

thickness specimens, each set shall represent a single tension 

test of the full plate thickness. Collectively, all of the 

specimens required to represent the full thickness of the 

weld at one location shall comprise a set. 

(d) When multiple specimens are necessary, the entire 

thickness shall be mechanically cut into a minimum number 

of approximately equal strips of a size that can be 

tested in the available equipment. Each specimen of the 

set shall be tested and meet the requirements of QW-153. 

1/3T x 3 plate thickness 

T, full plate 

thickness 


Q7. The WPS must list ___ variables, while the PQR must list __ _ 

(a) essential, nonessential, I essential, supplementary essential 

(b) essential, nonessential and acceptable ranges, supplementary (when 

required) / essential, supplementary (when required) 

(c) essential/ nonessential, supplementary essential 

ANS: b 

Q8. The cut surfaces of guided-bend test specimens are designated____of 

the specimen, while the other two surfaces are called the ____and ____ 

surfaces. 

(a) sides-face-root 

(b) face-root-side 

(c) root-side-face 

ANS: a 


Q9. Guided-bend tests require that the surface being examined becomes 

the_____surface bent specimen. 

(a) concave 

(b) convex 

(c) Transverse 

ANS: b 


Task#3 Ref Para 

1. A QW-484 

2. C QW-153.1 (b) 

3. B QW-163 

4. A QW-100.1 

5. B QW-151.1 (c) 

6. C QW-100.2 

7. B QW-100.1 

8. A QW-161 

9. B QW-161 



#4

Reading: Procedure Qualifications 


Q1. Qualification of the WPS using test coupons made of plate also qualifies 

for pipe and vice versa. 

(a) True 

(b) False 

ANS: a 

Q2. How does the Manufacturer attest that the information in the PQR is a 

true record of the variables that were used during the welding of the test 

coupons and that the resulting tensile, bend, or macro-etch test results are in 

compliance with Section IX? 

(a) By having the Manufacturer certify and notarize the PQR . 

(b) By having the welder certify the PQR 

(c) By having the Manufacturer certify the PQR. 

ANS: c 


Q3. A SMAW WPS was qualified with a 3” pipe, the pipe diameter range on 

the WPS permitted by Code shall be: 

{a) 2 7/8" 0.0. or over. 

(b) All diameters and all thickness. 

(c) All diameters within the base metal thickness range. 

ANS: c 

Q4. In general, what mechanical test is mandated for P-No. 11 quenched and 

tempered metals, for low temperature applications of other metals as applied 

to Section VIII? 

(a) Notch-toughness tests. 

(b) Guided bend tests. 

(c) Tension tests. 

ANS: a ? 


Q5. The qualification of the ___is the welding of test coupons, the testing of 

specimens, and recording the data and test results in a ____ 

(a)WPS-PQR 

(b)PQR-WPS 

(c)WPS-WPQ 

ANS: b 

Q6. Under what conditions may changes be made to the PQR? 

(a) Editorial or Addenda. 

(b) To suit production requirements. 

(c) None. 

ANS: a 


Q7. A PQR is a record of the welding data used to weld a test coupon and the 

test results. 

(a) True. 

(b) False. 

ANS: a 

Q8. When qualifying a separate procedure in SAW process for root deposits 

only, what is the minimum coupon thickness? 

(a) ½ " 

(b) ¾ " 

(c) 1-½ " 

(d) ¼ “ 

ANS: a 


QW-200.4 

(b) For GTAW, SMAW, GMAW, PAW, and SAW, 

or combinations of these processes, a PQR for a process 

recording a test coupon that was at least ½ in. (13 mm) 

thick may be combined with one or more other PQRs 

recording another welding process and any greater base 

metal thickness. In this case, the process recorded on the 

first PQR may be used to deposit the root layers using 

the process(es) recorded on that PQR up to 2t (for short circuiting 

type of GMAW, see QW-404.32) in thickness 

on base metal of the maximum thickness qualified by the 

other PQR(s) used to support the WPS. The requirements 

of Note (1) of tables QW-451.1 and QW-451.2 shall apply. 



1. A QW-211 

2. C QW-201 

3. C QW-203 

4. A QW-200.3 

5. A QW-201 

6. A QW-200.2 (c) 

7. A QW-200.2 (a) 

8. A QW-200.4 (b) 



#5

TASK#5 

Reading: Procedure Qualifications 


Q1. A Manufacturer may not subcontract the preparation of test materials for 

welding and subsequent work on preparation of test specimens from the 

completed weldment, performance of NDE, and mechanical tests. 

(a) True 

(b) False 

ANS: b 

Q2. A shop wishes to combine two existing PQR's to write a new composite 

WPS. PQR No.1 was in GTAW process with a 1/4" coupon, PQR No.2 was in 

SMAW process with 1/2" coupon. The WPS specifies GTAW process will only 

be used for the root passes with maximum deposit not to exceed 1/4". The 

base metal thickness range on the WPS should be; 

(a) 1/16" min 1" max. 

(b) 1/16" min, 1/2" max. 

(c) 3/16" min. 1" max. 

(d) 3/16" min, 1/2" max. ANS: b 


QW-200.4 Combination of Welding Procedures 

(a) More than one WPS having different essential, supplementary essential, 

or nonessential variables may be used in a single production joint. Each WPS 

may include one or a combination of processes, filler metals, or other 

variables. Where more than one WPS specifying different processes, filler 

metals, or other essential or supplementary essential variables is used in a 

joint, QW-451 shall be used to determine the range of base metal thickness 

and maximum weld metal thickness qualified for each process, filler metal, or 

set of variables, and those limits shall be observed. Alternatively, qualification 

of WPSs for root deposits only may be made in accordance with QW-200.4(b). 

When following a WPS that has more than one welding process, filler metal, 

or set of variables, each process, filler metal, or set of variables may be used 

individually or in different combinations, provided 


(1) the essential, nonessential, and required supplementary essential 

variables associated with the process, filler metal, or set of variables are 

applied 

(2) the base metal and deposited weld metal thickness limits of QW-451 for 

each process, filler metal, or set of variables are applied 

(b) For GTAW, SMAW, GMAW, PAW, and SAW, or combinations of these 

processes, a PQR for a process recording a test coupon that was at least 

½ in. (13 mm) thick may be combined with one or more other PQRs 

recording another welding process and any greater base metal thickness. 

In this case, the process recorded on the first PQR may be used to 

deposit the root layers using the process(es) recorded on that PQR up to 

2t (for shortcircuiting type of GMAW, see QW-404.32) in thickness on 

base metal of the maximum thickness qualified by the other PQR(s) used 

to support the WPS. The requirements of Note (1) of tables QW-451.1 and 

QW-451.2 shall apply. 


Discussion: 

GTAW PQR variables: T=1/4” t=1/4” 

qualified range: T = 1/16 ~ ½”, t max = ½” 

The GTAW can not used for welding T> ½” 

Answer: 3/16" min. 1" max. incorrect! 


Q3. Why should precaution be taken if Form QW-483 is used to document the 

essential variables that were used during the welding of the test coupons? 

(a) The Form does not easily lend itself to cover multiple processes or more 

than one No. in one test coupon. 

(b) Revisions are not permitted except as defined in QW-200.2 (c). 

(c) Form QW-483 is only a suggested format for procedure qualifications. 

ANS: a 

Q4. Why have P-No's. been assigned for different base metals? 

(a) They are unique identifiers assigned by Section IX. 

(b) P-No's. simplify the identification of various ASTM materials. 

(c) To reduce the number of welding procedure qualifications, dependent on 

characteristics such as composition, weldability, and mechanical 

properties. 

ANS: c 


Q5. What limitation is invoked when an all position WPS is qualified by 

welding in any position? 

(a) An angular deviation of ±15° from the specified horizontal and vertical 

planes is permitted during welding 

(b) An angular deviation of ±5° from the specified inclined plane is permitted 

during welding. 

(c) Welding processes must be compatible, and the welding rods, electrodes, 

and filler metals must be suitable for their use in specific positions. 

ANS: c 

Q6. The identification of the __ shall be referenced on the __ 

(a) WPS-PQR 

(b) WPS-WPQ 

(c) PQR-WPS 

ANS: c 


Q7. For vessels or parts of vessels constructed with P-No. 11 base metals, 

weld grooves for thickness' ____shall be prepared by thermal processes, 

when used in fabrication. 

(a) 5/8“ 

ANS: b QW-213(?) 

Q8. A butt welded coupon consisted of 1-1/2" carbon steel and ¼” stainless 

steel base metals, what base metal thickness range does this coupon qualify? 

(Notch toughness is not a requirement). 

(a) 1/16" to 8" for both metals, 

(b) 1/16" to 1/2" for stainless steel 3/16" to 8" for carbon steel. 

(c) 1/16" to 1/2" for stainless steel3/16" to unlimited thickness for carbon steel. 

ANS: b 


Q9: An organization's operational control of welding procedure qualification 

for two or more companies of different names shall be defined in their __ . 

(a) Manufacturing Procedures 

(b) Quality Control System 

(c) Qualified Supplier's List 

ANS: b 


Q10. What is the purpose of assigning Group Numbers to base metals? 

(a) To classify the different base metal Grades. 

(b) To classify the metals within P-No's. for the purpose of procedure 

qualification where notch-toughness requirements are specified. 

(c) To simplify the identification of ASTM materials. 

ANS: b 

Q11. In procedure qualification on groove weld qualifications on 1/2" plate 

qualify fillet welds for___ in base metal thicknesses and ___in diameters on 

pipe and tube. 

(a) 1/16"to 1", 2 7/8" O.D. and over 

(b) All, All 

(c) All, 2 7/8" O.D. and over 

(d) 1/16" to 1 ", all 

ANS: b 


Q12. The ____ is a true record of the variables that were used during the 

welding of the test coupon and that the resulting tensile, bend or macro-etch 

(as required) test results are in compliance with Section IX 

(a) WPS 

(b) PQR 

(c) WPQ 

(d) All of the above 

ANS: b 



1. B QW-201 

2. C QW-200.4, 451.1 

3. A QW-200.(d) 

4. C QW-200.3 

5. C QW-203 

6. C QW-200.1 (b) 

7. A QW-213 

8. B QW-451.1 

9. B QW-201 

10. B QW-200.3 

11. B QW-202.2 (c) 

12. B QW-200.2 (a) 



#6


1. B QW-321.4 

2. C QW-304.1 

3. C QW-302.2 

4. A QW-301.3 

5. B QW-306 

6. A QW-306 

7. A QW-461.9 

8. A QW-302, 304 

9. B QW-302.3 

10. B QW-321 

11. C QW-~04 

12. B QW-361.1 

13. B QW-322.1 


Reading: 

Performance Qualifications 


Q1. What are the retest requirements for a welder who has failed his renewal 

qualification 

test after he has received additional training or practice? 

(a) Complete requalification in accordance with QW-301.2. 

(b) A new test shall be made for each position he failed. 

(c) Weld a single test coupon of either plate or pipe. 

ANS: b 

Q2. What is the length of a welder's first production weld that needs to be 

radiographed for qualification? 

(a) 3' 

(b) 3" 

(c) 6“ 

ANS: c 


Q3. What is the extent of radiography for a welder who is qualified by 

radiography? 

(a) 3' and shall include the weld circumference for pipe. 

(b) 3" and shall include 1/2" either side of the weld on plate. 

(c) 6" and shall include the weld circumference for pipe. 

ANS: c 

Q4. By what method does a Manufacturer identify the work of a welder or 

welding operator? 

(a) By assigning an identification number, letter, or symbol. 

(b) By having the welder or welding operator initial the traveler or process 

sheet 

(c) This is no longer required 

ANS: a 


Q5. How are the thickness limits determined for a welder when qualified using 

multiprocess procedure? 

(a) By the thickness of the weld he deposits with each welding process in 

which this thickness shall be considered the test coupon thickness as 

given in QW.451 

(b) By the thickness of the weld he deposits with each welding process, in 

which this thickness shall be considered the test coupon thickness as 

given in QW.452 

ANS: b 

Q6. Using a combination procedure a welder may be qualified with each 

individual welding process in separate test coupons, or with a combination 

of welding processes in a single test coupon. 

(a) True 

(b) False. 

ANS: a 


Q7. Welder's and welding operators who pass the tests for groove welds are 

qualified for what groove and fillet weld positions? 

(a) The positions of groove and fillet welds shown in QW-461.9. 

(b) In all thicknesses of material, sizes of fillet welds, and diameters of pipe 

and tube 2 7/8" and less. 

(c) In all thicknesses of material sizes of fillet welds, and diameters of pipe 

and tube 2-7/8" and over. 

ANS: A 

Q8. The three methods by which a welder or welding operator may be 

qualified are __ of initial production weld, radiography of____ or____ 

taken from a test coupon. 

(a) radiography-test coupon-bend tests 

(b) bend tests -test coupon-tension tests 

(c) tension tests-test coupon-bend tests 

ANS: A 


Q9. What welding positions on pipe test coupons omit the specimens in the 

upper right and lower left quadrants, and replaces the root bend specimen in 

the upper left quadrant with a face-bend? 

(a) 2G or 5G 

(b) 1G or 2G 

(c) 5G or 6G 

ANS: 

Q10. What are the immediate retests required if a welder fails the mechanical 

tests of QW-302.1 or radiography examination of QW-302.2? . 

(a) Mechanical tests. 

(b) Mechanical tests and radiographic examination respectively. 

(c) Radiographic examination. 

ANS: b 


Q11. With the exception of GTAW, what P-Nos. are prohibited in the 

qualification of welders by radiography? 

(a) P-2X, P-4X, and P-5X 

(b) P-2X, P-3X, and P-5X 

(c) P-2X, P-5X, and P-6X 

ANS: c 

QW-361.1 

Q12. Machine welding is classified as a ____ category. 

(a) manual 

(b) welding operator 

(c) semi-automatic 

ANS: b 

Q13. A welder who welds in only one position for more than six months loses 

his qualification in other positions for which he is qualified in a given process. 

(a) True 

(b) False 

ANS: b 


QW-304 Welders 

Except for the special requirements of QW-380, each welder who welds 

under the rules of the Code shall have passed the mechanical and visual 

examinations prescribed in QW-302.1 and QW-302.4 respectively. 

Alternatively, welders may be qualified by volumetric NDE per QW-191 when 

making a groove weld using SMAW, SAW, GTAW, PAW, and GMAW (except 

short-circuiting mode for radiographic examination) or a combination of these 

processes, except for P-No. 21 through P-No. 26, P-No. 51 through P-No. 53, 

and P-No. 61 through P-No. 62 metals. 

Welders making groove welds in P- o. 21 through P-No. 26 and P-No. 51 

through P-No. 53 metals with the GTAW process may also be qualified by 

volumetric NDE per QW-191. 

The volumetric NDE shall be in accordance with QW-302.2. A welder 

qualified to weld in accordance with one qualified WPS is also qualified to 

weld in accordance with other qualified WPSs, using the same welding 

process, within the limits of the essential variables of QW-350. 



#7

TASK#7 

Reading: 

Performance Qualifications QW-300 thru QW-384 

Q1. Performance qualifications conducted in special orientations are valid for 

the special position actually tested and the_____, except that an angular 

deviation of_____ is permitted in the inclination of the____ and the rotation of 

the______ 

(a) vertical position, ±5°, weld axis, production piece 

(b) flat position, ±5°, production piece, weld fixture 

(c) flat position, ±15°, weld axis, weld face. 

ANS: b 

Q2. What option does a Manufacturer have if a welder fails the production 

weld alternative of QW-304.1? 

(a) Radiograph an additional 6" of the same production weld. 

(b) Radiograph an additional12" of the same production weld. 

(c) Radiograph an additional12" of the same production weld. 

ANS: c 


Q3. If the radiograph of the alternative production weld used for qualification 

does not meet the radiographic standards: 

(a) Radiograph an additional 6" of the same production weld. 

(b) The welder shall be retested by mechanical tests. 

(c) The welder has failed the test, requiring RT of all his production welds and 

repaired by a qualified welder. 

ANS: c 

Q4. What is the intent of performance qualification tests? 

(a) To determine the ability of welders and welding operators to make sound 

welds. 

(b) Provide direction to the welder or welding operator. 

(c) To prove the mechanical properties of the weldment. 

ANS: a 


Q5. Why is the Manufacturer responsible for conducting tests to qualify 

welders and welding operators in accordance with a qualified WPS which 

his organization employs in construction? · 

(a) The welder's performance is not transferable from employer to employer, 

(b) To assure that they are capable of developing the minimum requirements 

specified. 

(c) The responsibility of the qualifying welders can not be delegated to 

another organization. 

(d) All of the above. 

ANS: d 

Q6. A welder shall be re-qualified whenever a change is made in one or more 

of the ___ variables listed for each welding process 

(a) essential 

(b) supplemental essential 

(c) essential and nonessential 

ANS: a 


Q7. A welder may be qualified by radiographic examination in the GMAW 

process with short-circuiting mode. 

(a) True 

(b) False 

ANS: b 

Q8. What information shall as a minimum be recorded on the WPQ? 

(a) Essential and nonessential variables for each welding process. 

(b) Essential variables, type of tests and test results, and the ranges qualified. 

(c) Essential and nonessential variables, type of tests and Fig. No.'s, and the 

ranges qualified. 

ANS: b 


Q9. When performance qualification is done in accordance with a WPS that 

requires preheat or post weld heat treatment, these may be omitted. 

(a) True 

(b) False 

ANS: a 

Q10. What are the requalification requirements for a welder who has had his 

qualifications revoked because there was a specific reason to question his 

ability to make sound welds? 

(a) Weld a single test coupon of either pipe or plate, of any material, thickness 

or diameter, in any position. 

(b) Weld a test coupon appropriate to qualify him for the production work he 

will do and tested in accordance with QW-301 and QW-302. 

(c) May be extended when welding with another process. 

ANS: b 


Q11. What position limitations are placed on the welder if he prepares the 

WPS qualification test coupons? 

(a) Qualification of the WPS in any position qualifies for all positions. 

(b) Qualified only within the limits for positions specified in QW-303. 

(c) Qualified only for the position(s) used during the welding of the test 

coupon. 

ANS: c 

Q12. For performance qualification, how are the deposited weld metal 

thickness limitations determined if a single test coupon is used for a 

combination welding process? 

(a) They are considered individually for each welder and each process used. 

(b) In accordance with QW-451. 

(c) In accordance with QW-452. 

ANS: a 


Q13. Failure of any portion of a combination test in a single test coupon 

constitutes failure of the entire combination. 

(a) True 

(b) False 

ANS: a 

QW-306 



1. C QW-303.3 

2. C QW-321.3 (b) 

3. C QW-304.2 

4. A QW-301.1 

5. D QW-300.2 

6. A QW-351 

7. B QW-304 

8. B QW-301.4 

9. A QW-301.2 

10. B QW -322.2 (b) 

11. B QW-301.2 

12. C QW-306 

13. A QW-306 



#8


1. B QW-403.10 

2. C QW-401.3 

3. A QW-420.1 

4. A QW-401 

5. A QW-451.1 

6. B QW-401.1 

7. B QW-424.1 

8. B QW-431 

9. A QW-423.1 

10. C QW-355 


TASK#8 

Welding Data 


Q1. A manufacturer is qualifying a WPS in GMAW process in short circuit arc 

transfer mode. The test coupon is ½" thick the maximum thickness qualified 

for the WPS would be, 

(a) 0.5" 

(b) 0.275" 

(c) 0.25" 

ANS: 1” 

QW-403.10 For the short-circuiting transfer mode of 

the gas metal-arc process, when the qualification test coupon 

thickness is less than 1⁄2 in. (13 mm), an increase in 

thickness beyond 1.1 times that of the qualification test coupon. For 

thicknesses of 1⁄2 in. (13 mm) and greater, use 

table QW-451.1 or table QW-451.2, as applicable. 



Q2. Under what conditions may a WPS that has been qualified without notch 

toughness may be used for applications where they are applicable? 

(a) Qualification without notch toughness qualifies the procedure with notch 

toughness requirements. 

(b) After the procedure has been requalified to include the notch toughness 

requirements. 

(c) After preparing an additional test coupon using the same essential 

variables, but additionally with all the required supplementary essential 

variables, in a coupon long enough to provide the necessary specimens. 

ANS: c 

Q3. What effect did the 1974 Edition have on material in the 1971 Edition 

when new PNo.’s, or the assignment to different subgroups within a P-No. 

were given? 

(a) Procedure and performance qualifications continued to be valid based on 

the new P-No. designations. 

(b) Required re-quafification of those welding procedures. 

(c) Required re-qualification of welders and welding operators. 

ANS: a 


Q4. As a convenience, variables for procedure and performance 

qualifications are summarized in and respectively. 

(a) QW-250- QW-350 

(b) QW-451 - QW-452 

(c) QW-252- QW-265 

ANS: 

Q5. A SMAW WPS was written with notch-toughness test. The test coupon 

on the supporting PQR is 3/8" in thickness. What would be the base metal 

thickness qualified range for the WPS? 

(a) 1/16" thru 3/4" 

(b) 3/8" thru 3/4" 

(c) 3/16"thru 3/4“ 

ANS: a 


Q6. A change in a welding condition which will affect the mechanical 

properties of a weldment or the ability of a welder to deposit sound weld metal 

is dependent upon which type of variable? 

(a) Nonessential 

(b) Essential 

(c) Supplemental Essential 

ANS: b 

Q7. The test coupon for a PQR consisted P5A to P4 materials when notch 

toughness is not a factor, the base metals qualified would be; 

(a) P-No.5A to P-No.4 only 

(b) P-No.5A to P-No.4, P-No.3, and P-No.1 

(c) P-No.5A to P-No.5A and P-No.4 to P-No.4 

(d) None of the above 

ANS: b 

QW-424.1 


QW-424 Base Metals Used for Procedure 

Qualification 

QW-424.1 Base metals are assigned P-Numbers in table QW/QB-422; Metals that do 

not appear in table QW/QB-422 are considered to be unassigned metals except as 

otherwise defined for base metals having the same UNS numbers. Unassigned metals 

shall be identified in the WPS and on the PQR by specification, type and grade, or by 

chemical analysis and mechanical properties. The minimum tensile strength shall be 

defined by the organization that specified the unassigned metal if the tensile strength 

of that metal is not defined by the material specification. 


Q8. The grouping of ____and____ by ____are essentially based on usability 

characteristics, which fundamentally detenmine the ability of welders to make 

satisfactory welds. 

(a) base metals - filler metals- Group No.'s 

(b) electrodes- welding rods- F-No.'s 

(c) P-No.'s- F-No.'s- A-No,'s 

ANS: b 

Q9. What production base metals is a welder qualified to weld if a P No.8 

base metal was used in his qualification? 

(a) P-No.1 through P-No.11 P-No.34 and P-No.4x to same. 

(b) P-No.1 through P-No.8 and P-No.4x to same 

(c) P-No.1 through P-No.8 to same 

(d) P-No. 8 to P-No. 8 

ANS: a 


Q10. What welding process addresses the essential performance variables 

for the flux cored arc welding process? 

(a) SAW 

(b) PAW 

(c)GMAW 

ANS: c 



#9


1. D QW-452.1 notes 4&6 

2. B QW-452.1 

3. C QW-462.1 (a) 

4. A QW-461.11 

5. C QW-492 Definitions of Machine and Semi-automatic 

6. C QW-452.3 ,461.9 


TASK#9 

Welding Data 


Q1 . When qualifying a welder at 6G position using a 6" schedule 40 (0.280") 

pipe test coupon, the required type and number of tests are: 

(a) One face bend test and one root bend test 

(b) Two side bend tests 

(c) Either two face and two root bend tests or four side bent tests 

(d) Two face and two root bend tests 

ANS: a 

NOTES: 

(1) To qualify using positions 5G or 6G, a total of four bend specimens are 

required. To qualify using a combination of 2G and 5G in a single test coupon, 

a total of six bend specimens are required. See QW-302.3. The type of bend 

test shall be based on weld metal thickness. 


Q2. A welder has been qualified by a 2" nominal schedule. 40 pipe in the 5G 

position. Is he qualified to weld a groove weld of a 3/4" nominal, 3000 lb. 

coupling in the overhead position in the field? 

(a) yes 

(b) No 

ANS: b 


Q3. In reviewing the form QW-483 (PQR form) in a Code shop, the 

Authorized Inspector noticed the thickness of test coupon was 

documented as 3/4" SA-285C plate. However on the back of the form 

thickness of the specimen was recorded as 0.725". The difference in 

thickness is most likely because. 

(a) A mistake in the testing laboratory, they documented a different set of 

coupon on this PQR. 

(b) The thickness of the specimen is approximate. 

(c) The test coupon has been machined down to 0.725" to offset the heat 

distortion due to welding. 

ANS: c 

Q4. A welder was qualified by a plate at 4G (overhead) position in the lab. He 

will be qualified to weld pipe 2 7/8" O.D. and over, but under 24" O.D. in 

the field in the overhead position. 

(a) True 

(b) False 

ANS: b correct answer 


QW-461.9 Performance Qualification — Position And Diameter Limitations 

(Within The Other Limitations Of Qw-303) 


Q5. The SAW process is commonly classified as a process in _____ and 

GMAW as a process for______ welding. 

(a) Automatic, semi-automatic 

(b) Semi-automatic, manual 

(c) Machine1 semi-automatic welding 

ANS: a 

Q6. A welder is qualified in 6G position on a 2" schedule 160 pipe (2-3/8" 

O.D.). What is the diameter range and position the welder is qualified to weld? 

(a) 2.375" O.D. and over, 6G position 

(b) 2" NPS and over, all positions 

(c) 1.00” O.D. and over, all positions 

ANS: c 



#10

ASME SECTION IX PRACTICE QUESTIONS 

ALL QUESTIONS ARE CLOSED BOOK 

Q1. The purpose of the WPS and PQR is to determine that 

A. the welder is qualified 

B. the base metals are strong enough 

C. the weldment has the desired properties 

D. the skill of the welder 

ANS: c 

Q2. The WPS lists: 

A. nonessential variables 

B. essential variables 

C. ranges for 1 & 2 above 

D. all of the above 

ANS: c 


Q3. The PQR must list: 

A. essential variables 

B. qualification test & examination results 

C. supplementary essential variables (when notch toughness is required) 

D. all of the above 

ANS: a 

Q4. What is the earliest Edition of Section IX recognized by the current edition? 

A. 1958 

B. 1992 

C. 1987 

D. 1962 

ANS: d 


Q5. New Welding Procedure Specifications must meet the _______ Edition 

and Addenda of Section IX. 

A.1962 

B. current 

C. 1986 

D. 1995 

ANS: b 

Q6. Each____ shall conduct the tests required by Section IX to qualify the 

WPS's used during the construction, alteration, or repair. 

A. Welder or welding operator 

B. Manufacturer or contractor 

C. Inspector 

D. All of the above 

ANS: b 


Q7. The records of procedure, welder and welding operator qualification must 

be available to the 

A. Manufacturer 

B.Welder 

C. Authorized Inspector 

D. Foreman 

ANS: c 

Q8. A welder qualifying with a groove weld in plate in the 4G position is 

qualified to weld groove welds in plate and pipe over 24"0.D. in at least the 

________positions. 

A Vertical 

B. Flat & horizontal 

C. Flat & overhead 

D. Horizontal 

ANS: c 


Q9. A welder qualifying with plate fillet welds in the 3F and 4F positions is 

qualified to weld groove welds in plate in the positions. 

A. Flat only 

B. Flat and horizontal 

C. Flat and vertical 

D. None of the above 

ANS: d 


Q10. A welder qualifying by making a groove weld on pipe with an O.D. of 

3/4" in the 5G position is qualified to weld groove welds in: 

A. 1/2" O.D. Pipe in the overhead position 

B. 6" O.D. Pipe in the vertical position 

C. 3/4" O.D. Pipe in the horizontal position 


ANS: b 

Q11. In general, qualification on groove welds also qualifies a welder to make: 

A. Stud welds 

B. Overhand welds 

C. Fillet welds 


ANS: c 


Q12. Charpy V-notch tests are performed to determine a weldment's 

A. Tensile strength 

B. Ductility 

C. Notch toughness 

D. All of above 

ANS: c 

Q13. A welder making a groove weld using the SAW process on P1 materials 

may be qualified using radiography. 

A. True 

B. False 

ANS: a 

Q14. When a tensile specimen breaks in the base metal outside of the weld 

or fusion line, the strength recorded may be at most_____ below the specified 

tensile and be accepted. 

A. 3.5% 

B. .5% 

C. 5% 


ANS: c 


Q15. Guided-bend specimens shall have no open defects in the weld or heat 

effected zone exceeding ________ measured in any direction on the convex 

surface of the specimen after bending. 

A. 1/16" 

B. 3/32" 

C. 1/8" 


ANS: c 

Q16. When using radiographs to qualify welders, the acceptance standards 

used are found in 

A. ASME Section V 

B. ASME Section IX 

C. ASME Section VIII 

D. The referencing code 

ANS: b 


Q17. A WPS must describe: 

A. Essential variables 

B. Nonessential variables 

C. Supplementary essential variables when required for notch toughness 


ANS: d 

Q18. A PQR must describe 

A Nonessential variables 

B. Essential variables 

C. Results of Welder Qualification tests 

D. Project description & NDE methods 

ANS: b 


Q19. The ___ must certify the PQR as accurate. 

A. Inspector 

B. Manufacturer or contractor 

C. Welder 


ANS: b 

Q20. For the SMAW process _______ is an essential variable for the WPS. 

A. Groove design 

B. Post Weld Heat Treatment 

C. Root spacing 

D. Method of cleaning 

ANS: b 


Q21. For the SAW process ______ is an essential variable for the WPS. 

A. Supplemental powdered filler metal (if used) 

B. Filler metal diameter 

C. Preheat maintenance 

D. Addition or deletion of peening 

ANS: a 

404.10 Alloy flux X 

Q22. The basic purpose of testing a welder is to establish the welder;s -------· 

A. Knowledge of welding requirements 

B. Ability to deposit sound weld metal 

C. mechanical ability to operate equipment 

D. General attitude toward welding inspectors 

ANS: b 


Q23. The record of a welder's performance test is called a ______ 

A. PQR 

B. WOR 

C. WPS 

d. WPQ 

ANS: d 

Q24. If a welder qualified with the SMAW process on Jan. 1. 1994 and last 

welded with SMAW on March 15, 1994, would he still be qualified on 

October 7, 1994? 

A. Yes 

B. No 

ANS: b 

Q25. A welder qualifying with a groove weld welded from both sides is 

qualified to weld_____ 

A. Without backing 

B. With all base metals 

C. With backing only 

D. With P1 backing only 

ANS: c 


Q26. Immediate retests of welders qualifications coupons 

A. Must use the same method 

B. May use any method 

C. Are not allowed 

D. Require Inspector approval 

ANS: a 

Q27. Welder performance qualification records must describe all the ______ 

variables specified. 

A. Essential & nonessential 

B. Nonessential 

C Essential 

D. Brazing 

ANS: c 


Q28. A welder depositing 1/2" of weld metal with the SMAW process is 

qualified to deposit up to ____ of weld metal. 

A. 8" 

B. Max to be welded 

C. 1" 

D. 1/2“ 

ANS: b 

Q29. "P" numbers are used to designate groups of 

A. Electrodes 

B. Flux 

C. Base metals 

D. Joints 

ANS: c 


QW-452 Performance Qualification Thickness 

Limits and Test Specimens 


Q30. A welder qualifying by welding P-No. 21 to P-No. 21- is qualified to weld 

A. P-1- P-11 to P-1- P-11 

B. P-8- P8 

C. P-21 - P-25 to P-21 - P-25 

D. P21 to P21 only 

ANS: c 

Q31. Welding electrodes are grouped in Section IX by 

A. AWS class 

B. ASME specification 

C. SFA 

D. "F" number 

ANS: c 


QW-430 F-NUMBERS 

QW-431 General 

The following F-Number grouping of electrodes and 

welding rods in table QW-432 is based essentially on their 

usability characteristics, which fundamentally determine 

the ability of welders to make satisfactory welds with a 

given filler metal. This grouping is made to reduce the 

number of welding procedure and performance qualifications, 

where this can logically be done. The grouping does 

not imply that base metals or filler metals within a group 

may be indiscriminately substituted for a metal that was 

used in the qualification test without consideration of the 

compatibility of the base and filler metals from the standpoint 

of metallurgical properties, postweld heat treatment 

design and service requirements, and mechanical 

properties. 


QW-432 

F-NUMBERS 

Grouping of Electrodes and Welding Rods for Qualification 


Q32. Ferrous weld metal chemical composition may be designated using 

A. "P" Number 

B. Welder I. D. 

C. "A" number 

D. page number 

ANS: c 

Q33. For welder qualification with the SMAW process ____ is an essential 

variable. 

A. Base metal thickness 

B Peening 

C. P-number 

D. Electrode diameter 

ANS: c 


Q34. Each welder must be assigned a(n) 

A. P number 

B. Unique identifier 

C. Hood & gloves 

D. Inspector 

ANS: b 

Q35. May a welder, qualified in the 2G position on 1/4 inch thick plate, weld a 

1 inch outside diameter pipe, 1/4 inch thick in the horizontal position without 

requalification? 

A. Yes 

B. No 

C. Not enough information provided 

D. Yes, provided pipe is carbon steel, P#1 

ANS: b 


Q36. What is the basic difference between gas metal arc welding and gas 

tungsten arc welding processes? 

A. How they are produced 

B. The.SFA specification of the filler metal 

C. The F# of the filler metal 

D. GTAW is run with gas; gas is optional with GMAW 

ANS: a 

Q37. A welder has been tested in the 6-G position, using an E-7018 F-4 

electrode, on 6" sch 160 (.718" nom) SA 1068 pipe. Is this welder qualified to 

weld a 2" 300# ANSI schedule 80 bore flange to a 2" schedule 80 SA 106 B 

nozzle neck? 

A. Yes 

B. No 


D. Yes, provided a backing strip is provided in the 2" weld. 

ANS: b 


Q38. May a welder who is qualified using a double-groove weld, make a 

single V-groove weld without backing? 

A. Yes 

B. No 


D. Yes, because backing is not an essential variable for a welder 

ANS: b 

Q39. May a GTAW welder be qualified by radiography, in lieu of bend tests? 

The test coupon will be P-22 material and the production welds will be P-22 

also. 

A. Yes 

B. No 


D. Yes, provided the P-22 is welded with F-22 fillers 

ANS: b 



Except for the special requirements of QW-380, each welder who welds 

under the rules of the Code shall have passed the mechanical and visual 

examinations prescribed in QW-302.1 and QW-302.4 respectively. 

Alternatively, welders may be qualified by volumetric NDE per QW-191 when 

making a groove weld using SMAW, SAW, GTAW, PAW, and GMAW (except 

short-circuiting mode for radiographic examination) or a combination of these 

processes, except for P-No. 21 through P-No. 26, P-No. 51 through P-No. 53, 

and P-No. 61 through P-No. 62 metals. (note: P-2X/P-5X/P-6X) 

Welders making groove welds in P-No. 21 through P-No. 26 and P-No. 51 

through P-No. 53 metals with the GTAW process may also be qualified by 

volumetric NDE per QW-191. 

The volumetric NDE shall be in accordance with QW-302.2. A welder 

qualified to weld in accordance with one qualified WPS is also qualified to 

weld in accordance with other qualified WPSs, using the same welding 

process, within the limits of the essential variables of QW-350. 


P2/5/6 

SA-240 Type 310Cb S31040 75 (515) 8 2 102 8.2 25Cr–20Ni–Cb Plate, strip 

SA-182 F22, Cl. 1 K21590 60 (415) 5A 1 102 5.2 2.25Cr–1Mo Forging 

SA-182 F6a, Cl. 1 S41000 70 (485) 6 1 102 7.2 13Cr Forgings 


Q40. Who is responsible for qualification of welding procedures, welders and 

welding operators? 

A. The Inspector 

B. The A.I. 

C. The Shop Foreman 

D: The Manufacturer of Contractor 

ANS: d 

Q41. A welding electrode has the marking E-6010. The "1" marking indicates: 

A. Flat position only 

B. Harizantal position only 

C. All positions 

D. Only goad for heat treated welds 

ANS: c 


Q42. May a FCAW welder qualified using UT, be used to weld in production? 

A. Yes, welder can be used 

B. No welder cannot be used 

C. Yes, if welder is using GMAW (Short Arc) 

D. Yes, if welder is qualified with backing 

ANS: b 

Q43. A wefder may deviate from the parameters specified in a WPS if they 

are a nonessential variable. (True or False) 

A. True 

B. False 

ANS: b 


Q44. A repair organization has a WPS which states it is qualified for P-6 to P- 

8 material welded with either E308, E308L, E309, E316, electrodes (SMAW 

process). 

The PQR, supporting this WPS, states the weld test coupons were SA-240 

Type 304L material, welded with E308 electrodes. Is the WPS properly 

qualified for the base material listed? 

A. Yes 

B. No 

C. Nat enough information given 

D. Yes, if properly heat treated 

ANS: b 


Q44. A repair organization has a WPS which states it is qualified far P-6 

(Martensitic/Ferritic SS) to P-8 material (Austenitic SS) welded with either 

E308, E308L, E309, E316, electrodes (SMAW process). 

The PQR, supporting this WPS, states the weld test coupons were SA-240 

Type 304L material (P8, γ SS), welded with E308 electrodes. Is the WPS 

properly qualified for the base material listed? 

A. Yes 

B. No 

C. Nat enough information given 

D. Yes, if properly heat treated 

ANS: b? P8-P8 coupons 


QW-424 Base Metals Used for Procedure 

Qualification 

QW-424.1 Base metals are assigned P-Numbers in table QW/QB-422; Metals 

that do not appear in table QW/QB-422 are considered to be unassigned 

metals except as otherwise defined for base metals having the same UNS 

numbers. Unassigned metals shall be identified in the WPS and on the PQR 

by specification, type and grade, or by chemical analysis and mechanical 

properties. The minimum tensile strength shall be defined by the organization 

that specified the unassigned metal if the tensile strength of that metal is not 

defined by the material specification. 



Q45. What positions are necessary to qualify a welder far all position pipe 

welding? 

A. 3G and 4G 

B. 2G and 5G 

C. 3G and 1G 

D. 4G and 5G 

ANS: b 


Q46. What ASME Code Section has welding electrode storage requirements? 

A ASME IX 

B. ASMEVIII 

C. ASME B31.1 

D. ASME II Part C 

ANS: d 

Q47. What are the number of transverse guided bend tests required for 

Performance Qualification in a 6G position? 

A. 2 

B. 4 

C. 6 

D. 3 

ANS: b 


Q48. May a GMAW, short circuit transfer, welding procedure be qualified 

using real-time utrasonics? 

A. Yes 

B. No 

C. No t enough information given 

D. Yes, provided bend tests are done 

ANS: b 

Q49. Three arc welding processes are: 

A. BMAW, SMAW, EFGAW 

B. FCAW, SAW, ESW 

C. SMAW, GTAW, PAW 

D. PTAW, SLAW, PEAW 

ANS: b 


Q50. You are reviewing a WPQ (QW-484) for a welder testing in the 6-G 

position; on SA-53 grade B pipe (TS-60,000 psi). The test results indicate the 

following: 

#1 Tensile developed 51,000 psi, broke in the weld 

#2 Tensile developed 56,900 psi, broke in base metal 

#1 Transverse root bend satisfactory 

#2 Transverse face bend satisfactory 

Will these test qualify the welder? 

A. Yes 

B. No 

C. Not enough information given 

D. Tension test is acceptable but #1 is unacceptable 

ANS: A 


ESW 

Electroslag welding (ESW) is a highly 

productive, single pass welding process 

for thick (greater than 25 mm up to 

about 300 mm) materials in a vertical or 

close to vertical position. (ESW) is 

similar to electrogas welding, but the 

main difference is the arc starts in a 

different location. An electric arc is 

initially struck by wire that is fed into the 

desired weld location and then flux is 

added. Additional flux is added until the 

molten slag, reaching the tip of the 

electrode, extinguishes the arc. The 

wire is then continually fed through a 

consumable guide tube (can oscillate if 

desired) into the surfaces of the metal 

work pieces and the filler metal are then 

melted using the electrical resistance of 

the molten slag to cause coalescence. 


Q&A 

1. c 

11. c 

21. A 

31. D 

41. c 

2. D 

12. c 

22. 8 

32. c 

42. 8 

3. D 

13. A 

23. D 

33. c 

43. 8 

4. D 

14. c 

24. 8 

34. B 

44. A 

5. B 

15. c 

25. c 

35. 8 

45. 8 

6. B 

16. 8 

26. A 

36. A 

46. D 

7. c 

17. D 

27. c 

37. 8 

47. 8 

8. c 

18. 8 

28. c 

38. 8 

48. 8 

9. D 

19. 8 

29. c 

39. A 

49. c 

10. B 

20. 8 

30. c 

40. D 

50. A 



#11

Q51. Is a welding procedure qualified under the 1965 ASME Code Section IX 

still applicable? 

A. Yes 

B. No, must be requalified 

C. Is only applicable for 1965 pressure vessels 

D. Cannot be used for new construction - repairs only 

ANS: a 

Q52. A nonessential variable must be documented on: 

A. The WPQ 

B. The PQR 

C. The WPS 


ANS: c 

Q53. What are the various positions in which a welder may qualify for plate 

groove welds? 

A. 1G 

B. 3G 

C. 4G 


ANS: d 


Q54. A welder was qualified with a P-1 test coupon using SMAW E7018 

electrodes. May the welder weld P-4 material using E8028 electrodes with 

backing in production? (Assume the P-4 procedure using E8028 electrodes 

has been qualified.) 

A. Yes 

B. No 

C. Not enough infomnation provided 


ANS: a 




QW-423.1 Base metal used for welder qualification may be substituted for the 

metal specified in the WPS in accordance with the following table. When a 

base metal shown in the left column is used for welder qualification, the 

welder is qualified to weld all combinations of base metals shown in the right 

column, including unassigned metals of similar chemical composition to these 

metals. 


Q55. What are the primary classifications of guided-bend tests pemnitted by 

the Code? 

A. Side and Transverse 

B. Face and Root 

C. Transverse and Longitudinal 

D. Side and Face 

ANS: b 

Comment: 

Transverse include side bend/ root bend & face bend 

Longitudinal is all weld metal 


Q56. A welder qualified by welding in the 5G position is qualified for what 

position on plate? 

A. F, H, OH 

B. F, V, OH 

C. V, OH, SP 

D. H,V, OH 

ANS: b 

Q57. Which of the following is a covered electrode? 

A. E6010 

B. E 7018 

C. E 9028 


ANS: d 


Q58. Applicable essential variables must be documented on which of the 

following? 

A. The WPS 

B. The PQR 

C. The WPQ 


ANS: d 

Q59. In performance qualification of pipe welds to ASME Section IX, which 

positions require more than two guided bend specimens for qualification? 

A. 5G and 6G 

B. 2G and 4F 

C. 4G and SG 


ANS: a 


Q60. Name two defects that would cause visual rejection of a welder's test 

pipe or plate? 

A. Porosity, underfill 

B. Lack of penetration/ fusion 

C. Slag, overlap 

D. Any of the above 

ANS: d 

Q61. A variable that, when changed will cause a change in the mechanical 

properties of the weldment is called a: 

A. Essential variable 

B. Non-essential variable 

C. Supplementary essential variable 


ANS:a 


Q62. The test that determines the ultimate strength of groove-weld joints is a: 

A. Notch Tough ness Test 

B. Tension Test 

C. Fillet Weld Test 

D. Guided-Bend Test 

ANS: b 

Q63. The procedure qualification test is used to determine: 

A. The skill of the welder 

B. That the proposed production weldment is capable of having the required 

properties 

C. The corrosion -resistance of the proposed weldment 


ANS: b 


Q64. A change in a supplementary essential variable requires requalification, 

when notch- toughness is a consideration. 

A. True 

B. False (circle one) 

ANS: A 

Q65. When using Macro-examination of fillet weld tests, the weld and the 

HAZ must not reveal cracks when magnified at: 

A. 5X 

B. 2X 

C. 10X 

D. No magnification is required - visual examination is required, only. 

ANS: d 


Q66. A non-essential variable may be changed without re-qualification 

because: 

A. Nobody cares about non-essential variables 

B. The welder is allowed to change variables at his discretion 

C. Non-essential variables do not affect the mechanical or notch-toughness 

properties 

D. Non-essential variables cannot be changed without re-qualification 

ANS: c 

Q67. The data recorded on a PQR (non-editorial) may be changed provided: 

A. The AI approves 

B. The test data on a PQR is a record of what occurred and should never be 

changed. Only editorial information can be changed on a PQR 

C. The API 510 Inspector approves 

D. The date of the WPS is changed 

ANS: b 


Q68. A WPS must only address essential and, if applicable, supplementary 

essential variables. 

A: True 

B. False 

ANS: b 

Q69. Tension tests may be used in lieu of bend tests to qualify welders or 

welding operators. 

A: True 

B. False 

ANS: b 

70. A groove weld bend test reveals a linear indication on the face of the bend 

surface that measures exactly 1/8" long. No other indications are seen. does 

this coupon pass or fail? 

A. Pass 

B. Fail 

ANS: A 


Q71. Unless notch-toughness is a consideration, a qualification in any 

position qualifies a welding procedure for all positions. 

A: True 

B. False 

ANS: a 

Q72. The purpose of a WPS and PQR is to determine if a welder has the skill 

necessary to make sound production welds. 

A: True 

B. False 

ANS: b 

73. Welders can be qualified by radiograph when using P6X materials? 

A: True 

B. False 

ANS: b 



Q74. It is permissible to sub-contract welding of coupons as well as other 

work to prepare coupons. 

A: True 

B. False 

ANS: a 

Q75. Variable QW 402.4 for SMAW procedure qualification is a ______ 

variable 

A. Essential 

B. Non-essential 

C. Supplemental essential 


ANS: b 


Q76. Variable QW 404.24 for SAW procedure qualification is an _____ 

variable 

A. Essential 




ANS: d 

Q77. Each manufacturer must certify the PQR (by signature) indicating that 

the information given is 

A: True 

B. False 

ANS: a 


Q78. Welder variable OW- 405.1 (for welders qualifying with the SMAW 

process) is a ___ variable. 

A. Essential 




ANS: a 

Q79. The purpose of a. WPS and PQR is to determine if a proposed 

weldment to be used in construction is capable of providing the required 

properties for the intended application. 

A: True 

B. False 

ANS: a 

Q80. A qualification in a 4G position qualifies a welder for all groove weld 

positions. 

A: True 

B. False 

ANS: b 


Q81. A WPS must address all applicable non-essential variables. 

A: True 

B. False 

ANS: a 

Q82. Groove weld coupons shall be tested by macro-examination when 

qualifying a welding procedure. 

A: True 

B. False 

ANS: b 

Q83. A welding procedure must be qualified with impact tests only when 

required by the applicable constrction code, such as ASME VIII Div. 1. 

A: True 

B. False 

ANS: a 


Q84. A welder qualified to weld in the 2G position on pipe would have to be 

qualified in which of the addiiional positions to qualify for all position groove 

welding on pipe? 

A. 1G 

B. 2G 

C. 5G 

D. 6G 

E All of the above 

ANS: C 

Q85. The maximum preheat temperature decrease allowed without 

requalification of a GMAW groove weld procedure is: 

A. 50°F 

B. 100 o F 

C. 125 o F 

D. 150 o F 

E. None of the above 

ANS: b 


Q86. A welder is qualified to weld all thicknesses of material when: 

A. The test is any thickness above 3/8 inch 

B. The test thickness was 1/2 inch 

C. The test thickness was 3/4 inch or over 

D. The test pipe wall thickness was 5/8 inch and nominal pipe size was over 

½ inches 


ANS: b? 

87. What is the maximum defect permitted on the convex surface of a welder 

qualification bend test after bending , except for corner cracks and 

corrosion resistant weld overlay? 

A. ¼ inch 

B. 1/8 inch 

C. 1/16 inch 

D. 3/16 inch 

E. No defects are allowed 

ANS: b 



Q88. What period of inactivity from a given welding process requires the 

welder to requalify in that process? 

A. 3 months 

B. 6 months 

C 9 months 

D. 12 months 

E. As stated by the AI 

ANS: b 

Q89. Notch-toughness requirements are mandatory 

A. For heat treated metels 

8. For quenched and tempered metals 

C. For hardened and tempered metals 

D. For annealed and tempered metels 

E. When specified as required by the referencing Code section 

ANS: e 


Q90. A welder qualified for SMAW using an E7018 electrode is also qualified 

to weld with: 

A. E7015 

B. E6011 

C. E6010 

D. E7024 

E. All of the above 

ANS: e 

Q91. Macro examination of an etched fillet weld section for performance 

qualification is acceptable if the examination shows: 

A. Complete fusion and freedom from cracks, excepting linear indications not 

exceeding 1/32 inch at the root. 

B. Concavity or convexity no greater than 1/16 inch 

C. Not more than 1/8 inch difference in leg lengths 


E. Both B and C above 

ANS: d 


Q92. Each manufacturer or contractor is responsible for the welding or 

brazing done by his organization. Whenever these words are used in Section 

IX, they shall include: 

A. Designer or architect 

B. Designer or insteller 

C. Architect or insteller 

D. lnstaller or assembler 

E. Assembler or designer 

ANS: 

Q93. For P-11 materials, weld grooves for thicknesses_____ shall be 

prepared by thermalprocesses, when such processes are to be employed 

during fabrication. 

A. Less than 5/8 inch 

B. 5/8 inch 

C. 1 inch 

D. 1-114 inches 


ANS: a 


Q94. A welder using SMAW must be requalified if there is a change in which 

of the following conditions? 

A. A#'s 

B. 6 NPS to 2 NPS 

C. uphill to downhill in the groove 

D. both B & C, above 

ANS: a 

Q95. A change in a non-ess.ential variable requires re-certification of the 

PQR. 

A: True 

B. False 

ANS: b 




QW-405.3 A change from upward to downward, or 

from downward to upward, in the progression specified 

for any pass of a vertical weld, except that the cover or 

wash pass may be up or down. The root pass may also be 

run either up or down when the root pass is removed 

to sound weld metal in the preparation for welding the 

second side. 


Q96. Reduced-section tensile test specimens conforming to QW-462.1 (b) 

may be used on all thicknesses of pipe having an outside diameter greater 

than: 

A. 2 inches 

B. 2 ½ inches 

C. 3 inches 

D. 3 ½ inches 

E. 4 inches 

ANS: c 

Q97. Groove weld tests may be used for qualification of welders. Which of the 

following shall be used for evaluation? 

A. Only bend tests 

B. Only radiography 

C. Both radiography and bend tests 

D. Either bend tests or radiography 


ANS: d 


98. Under which of the following conditions can a welder be qualified during 

production work? 

A. A 6" length of the first production groove weld may be qualified by 

radiography 

B. A bend test coupon may be cut from the first 12" length of weld 

C. A macro examination may be taken from the first 3" of weld length 


ANS: a 


Q&A 

51. A 

61. A 

71. True 

81. True 

91. D 

52. C 

62. 8 

72. False 

82. False 

92. D 

53. D 

63. 8 

73. False 

83. True 

93. A 

54. A 

64. True 

74. False 

84. c 

94. D 

55. C 

65. D 

75. B 

85. B 

95. False 

56. 8 

66. c 

76. A 

86. c 

96. C 

57. D 

67. 8 

77 True 

87. B 

97. D. 

58. D 

68. False 

78.A 

88. B 

98. A 

59. A 

69. False 

79. True 

89. E 

60. 8 

70. Pass 

80. False 

90. E 



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Understanding API ICP653 Reading 15-Worksheet-11a

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