CYBER VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND GIRLS

Executive summary.................................................................................................................1
1.. Why the Broadband Commission for Digital Development needs to lead
on cyber violence against women and girls...................................................................5
1.1 Cyber-VAWG is a systemic societal concern and challenge............................................. 5
1.2 The time to act is now.................................................................................................... 9
1.3. Objectives and limitations of this report........................................................................ 10
2.. The evolution of the Internet and its ramifications for ‘cyber VAWG’.............................13
2.1 What the numbers tell us ............................................................................................. 13
2.2 How the Internet is perceived – trust, safety and freedom.............................................. 17
3.. Defining the threat environment: the ‘cyber’ nature of VAWG ........................................... 21
3.1 Terminologies, definitions and trends............................................................................ 21
3.2. Characteristics and profiles of
cyber VAWG................................................................................................................. 23
3.3. Cyber VAWG against the backdrop of cyber-crime ....................................................... 26
4.. Tackling cyber VAWG: a multi-level approach ................................................................... 27
4.1 Pursuing a multi-level approach.................................................................................... 27
4.2 Sensitization: changing societal norms ........................................................................ 27
4.3 Safeguards: working with industry and users to make the Internet VAWG-safe............... 33
4.4 Sanctions and compliance: Frameworks, Law and its application.................................. 38
5.. A View to ending cyber VAWG through partnerships and coalitions..............................45
6.. Conclusions and principles for further action .................................................................... 47
Bibliography..........................................................................................................................49
End Notes.............................................................................................................................55