STREETSCAPE GUIDANCE

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HOME INTRODUCTION PART A A vision for London’s streets PART B From strategy to delivery PART C New measures for new challenges PART D Balancing priorities PART F Appendix PART E Physical design and materials SECTION 6 Introduction SECTION 7 High quality footways SECTION 8 Carriageways SECTION 9 Crossings SECTION 10 Kerbside activity SECTION 11 Footway amenities SECTION 12 Safety and functionality SECTION 13 Street environment SECTION 14 Transport interchanges Streetscape Guidance [Part E – Physical design and materials] Street environment 278 removal is considered necessary, this must only be undertaken with the consent of the arboricultural and landscape officer and may require planning permission, permits and licences, or senior management approval. Lights in trees The installation of lights in trees can be problematic and is generally not encouraged. However, if unavoidable then a suitable design must be developed which does not damage the tree. The relevant arboricultural and electrical specialists must be involved in this process. Lights may require regular removal to inspect or maintain the tree. When installing lights in trees consideration must also be given to the location and installation of any feeder pillars. These must not have a detrimental impact on either the tree and in particular the root system, or pedestrian movement through the area. Figure 275: Tree lighting should be carefully considered with relevant arboricultural specialists Trees on the TLRN Trees on the TLRN are the responsibility of TfL’s arboriculture and landscape maintenance managers (A&LMM), who work in accordance with our Green Estate Management Plan (GEMP). We require a minimum three-year guarantee on all new trees planted on the TLRN. Advice on planting of new trees, irrigation and maintenance must be sought from the A&LMM. Tree removal on the TLRN is taken very seriously and is subject to a robust tree removal procedure. The removal of healthy trees is generally considered a last resort and should only be considered when appropriate to do so. All trees on the TLRN are inspected on an annual basis for defects with work undertaken as necessary in accordance with the GEMP and best industry practice. Data pertaining to trees on the TLRN is held on the Network Asset Management System (NAMS) database. All street trees on the TLRN have been assigned a monetary value using the Capital Asset Value for Amenity Trees (CAVAT) system as hosted by the LTOA. TfL will seek to secure compensation based on the CAVAT valuation for any damage which is caused to our trees.
HOME INTRODUCTION PART A A vision for London’s streets PART B From strategy to delivery PART C New measures for new challenges PART D Balancing priorities PART F Appendix PART E Physical design and materials SECTION 6 Introduction SECTION 7 High quality footways SECTION 8 Carriageways SECTION 9 Crossings SECTION 10 Kerbside activity SECTION 11 Footway amenities SECTION 12 Safety and functionality SECTION 13 Street environment SECTION 14 Transport interchanges Streetscape Guidance [Part E – Physical design and materials] Street environment 279 Planted areas Planted areas include woodland, shrub beds and hedges which can comprise a variety of deciduous and evergreen, native and non-native species. Each is managed according to function, species mix, age, condition and location. Species choice is vital to the success of any planting scheme and must take account of site factors and management requirements, including the following aspects: • Function, for example screening • Maintenance (access and frequency of operations) • Tolerance to pests and diseases • Tolerance to drought • Tolerance to pollution and the ability to trap particulate matter • Tolerance to road salt • Tolerance to light or shade • Life expectancy • Seasonal interest (flower, fruit, foliage, stem colour) • Biodiversity and wildlife objectives • Ultimate natural size of plants • Habit/form • Antisocial considerations, as advised by the community safety officer The ability to cope with a changing climate is also essential for all new planting schemes. Fixed irrigation systems are generally not sustainable due to ongoing maintenance and costs, and often cannot be used during hosepipe bans. Green infrastructure may provide a sustainable urban drainage system function where surface water is dispersed through the soil rather than discharged into the highway drainage system. The replacement of hard surfaced areas with new grassed or planted areas can also contribute to SuDS, landscape integration, enhancing the built environment and visual amenity, nature conservation and biodiversity, and providing areas to support larger trees. Where new grassed or planted areas are proposed over old hard surfaces, such as footway or carriageways, it is essential to break out the old roadbed. Unless specifically designed as a SuDS measure, planted and grassed areas should not be relied upon as the main measure for the discharge of surface water. Planted and grassed areas must be designed with consideration of existing and proposed pedestrian desire lines. Shrubs with thorns and spikes can act as a deterrent but must not be relied upon as the main measure to stop inappropriate access and can collect litter. Planted areas should be designed with careful consideration of the realities of urban life and avoid the creation of concealed places close to pedestrian areas. Raised planted areas close to seating can become hotspots for needle disposal and litter accumulation. Raised planted areas are also discouraged in new schemes as they may require more regular watering over the lifetime of the planting scheme. Occasionally, some areas of herbaceous and bedding plants or special horticultural features will require special maintenance operations. Hanging baskets are permitted, subject to appropriate licence approval. Grassed areas Grassed areas comprise highway verges, embankment and cutting slopes, central reserves and traffic islands. Some grassed areas have significant biodiversity interest and habitat value, supporting protected species of flora and fauna. Any works on or around grassed areas must be in accordance with industry best practice. If it is necessary to track over a grassed area for construction or maintenance purposes, protection is required to limit the impact of heavy equipment to the satisfaction of the highway authority’s arboriculture and landscape officer. Full reinstatement will be required to make good any damage. Reinforced grass (plastic or concrete) measures may be used, following approval by the highway authority’s arboricultural and landscape officer, to aid in reinforcement of grassed verges where residential off-road parking or access to properties is permitted.
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