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INTRODUCTION Who are some of the best and brightest scientific minds of our time? Thomson Reuters answers this question, as it has in the past, by analyzing data from its Web of Science and InCites platforms to determine which researchers have produced published works that are most cited by their peers. The some 3,000 highly cited researchers listed in this report were selected by analyzing citation data over a recent 11-year period (2003-2013) and identifying those who published the greatest number of highly cited papers. We also identified hot researchers, authors of papers published in a recent two-year period (2013-2014) that were cited immediately after publication at extraordinarily high levels. Highly cited papers rank in the top 1% and hot papers rank in the top .1% of the citation distributions of comparable papers, those matched for field and age. Both hot papers and highly cited papers are featured in the Essential Science Indicators database of Thomson Reuters, presented within the InCites platform. It is precisely this type of recognition—by peers in the form of citations given—that makes highly cited or hot researcher status meaningful. The identification of these individuals is rooted in the collective, objective opinions of field experts within the scientific community. For time to time certain arguments appear, sometimes voiced by scientists themselves, on the negative or corrosive effects in the research community of drawing attention to specific persons through awards or special designations such as being a highly cited or hot researcher. Such social conventions, however, reflect a reality that is indisputable: human talent is unequally distributed in research just as in the arts or athletics. In fact, Diana Hicks and J. Sylvan Katz, science policy analysts and scientometricians, have argued that lack of recognition and relative underfunding of elite scientists likely result in “the suppression of incentives for the very best scientists.” They add: “The consequences for the performance of a national research system may be substantial” (D. Hicks, J.S. Katz, “Equity and Excellence in Research Funding,” Minerva, 49 (2): 137-151, June 2011). Also, it should be understood that elite status is continually changing as researchers rise and fall in their influence throughout the years. Monitoring such changes, even annually, has an interest all its own. Everyone acknowledged in this book is a person of influence in the sciences and social sciences. They are often the researchers now on the cutting edge of their specialties. They are performing and publishing work that their peers recognize as central to the advancement of their science. These researchers are, thus, among the most influential scientific minds of our time. 4 HIGHLY CITED RESEARCH DIRECTORY
Higgs National Representation Honorable Mention Highly Cited Researchers: Most-Represented Countries 2000 1500 Number of Researchers 1000 500 0 USA UK Germany China Australia Canada Netherlands Japan France Switzerland Saudi Arabia Spain Source: Thomson Reuters Web of Science & InCites The most-represented nations among the 3,126 Highly Cited Researchers, according to the authors’ primary affiliations as listed on their Highly Cited Papers published between 2003 and 2013. Nearly half of the researchers, as the graph shows, are affiliated with US-based institutions. This far outstrips the representation of the other nations shown, including the UK, Germany and China. Subsequent graphs treat the authors’ specialty areas as well as the most-represented institutions. HIGHLYCITED.COM 5
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CONCLUSION As these listings have d
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“Research is four things: brains
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