NTA FEB 2016 - WEB

ADELAIDE, BRISBANE, CANBERRA 

HOBART, MELBOURNE, PERTH, SYDNEY 

connecting communities through media 

Year 8 • Volume 90 • February 2016 

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“or The Nepali Times Australia 

Publisher : Mahendra Kumar Lamsal 

Editor : Sujit Sigdel 

Managing Editor : Bharat Raj Poudel 

Consulting Editor : Dhruba Hari Adhikari 

Editorial Adviser : Bishwamitra Khanal 

Manager : Nirmal KC 

Legal Advisor : Dr. Shamser Singh Thapa 

Marketing : Shreeram Lamsal 

Chief Correspondent : Narayan Khadka 

Sports News Coordinator : Jeevan Thapa 

Youth Affair : Kiran Adhikari 

Arts & Ent. News Rep. : Prakash Ninglekhu 

Senior Reporter : Bishnu Sapkota 

Creative Design : Rameshor Sangat 

Graphic Design : Sunil Shrestha 

Layout/Design : Digi Design 

Nepal Desk 

News Bureau Chief : Krishna Bhattarai 

Operation Co-ordinator : Kedar Lamsal 

Editorial Co-ordinator : Hom Prasad Lamsal 

Graphics : Rameshwor Shrestha 

Contributors 

Dr. Krishna Hamal (Canberra), Dila Ram Kharel (NSW), Aarati Shakya (NSW), 

Bikram Bibas (NSW), Prakash M Lamichhane (NSW), Dr. Gyanendra Regmi (NSW), 

Dr. Raju Adhikari (Melbourne), Shiva Neupane (Melbourne), Ashok Dhakal (Qld), 

Aviman S Basnet (Qld), Ramesh Joshi (Adelaide), Deepak Bista (Adelaide), 

Mahesh Gautam (Darwin), Deepa Sharma (Tasmania) 

Published and Distributed by 

MDS Media Network Pty. Ltd. 

T/A The Nepali Times Australia 

ABN: 77 153 005 844 

Suite 206/4, The Boulevarde, Strathfield, NSW 2135 Australia 

Tel: (02) 9745 5342, “ax: (02) 9747 0810 

publisher@nepalitimes.com.au • editor@nepalitimes.com.au 

info@nepalitimes.com.au 

Disclaimer 

The publisher of The Nepali Times Australia does not take any responsibility for any 

material supplied to the Nepali Times Australia contributors. Opinions published in 

The Nepali Times Australia are not necessarily those of the publisher. 

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7

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Pp6f ;Ddflgt /;Gt'lnt s"6gLlts 

;'?jft ckl/xfo{ g} b]lvG5 . =

Your local home loan specialist 

Looking for local home loan advice? 

When you’re taking out a home loan, you need to be sure you can afford the 

repayments. But you also need to find a loan that suits you. With access to 

hundreds of home loans from over 20 leading banks and lenders, I can help you 

find one that’s right for you. And there’s no charge to you for my home loan 

service. So talk to me today. 

Find out what your weekly repayments could be. 

Amount 4.00% 4.50% 5.00% 5.50% 6.00% 

$300,000 $331 $351 $372 $393 $415 

$350,000 $386 $409 $434 $459 $484 

$400,000 $441 $468 $496 $524 $553 

$450,000 $496 $526 $557 $590 $623 

$500,000 $551 $585 $619 $655 $692 

Repayments are indicative per week based on a 30 year term. Interest rates are quoted per annum. 

p Dinesh Pokharel on 0433 328 146 e dinesh.pokharel@mortgagechoice.com.au 

w MortgageChoice.com.au/dinesh.pokharel 

Mortgage Choice Limited ACN 009 161 979. Australian Credit Licence 382869. 


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gfsfaGbL v'n] g, cyf{t cfGbf] ngsf/Lsf 

sf/0f gfsfdf cj/f]w ePs}lyPg . 

gfsfaGbLsf] c;kmn s"6gLltn] ef/t 

clxn]ljZje/L g}gf+luPsf]5 . ef/ts} 

;Qfwf/L bn tyf ljb]z dGqfnosf 

kbflwsf/Lx¿n] ;d] t of] s'/f :jLsf/L 

;s]sf 5g\ . olt x'“bf–x'“b}klg g]kfndfly 

ef/tsf] x:tIf] k hf/L 5 . /fli6«o / 

cGt/ff{li6«o ¿kdf cfnf] lrt x'g'k/] klg 

ef/t t/fO{df cfGbf] ng/t bnx¿sf] 

dfu ;Daf]wg geP;Dd gfsf v'nf ug]{ 

dgl:yltdf b]lv“b}g . jL/u~h gfsf lgjf{w 

gv'n];Dd OGwgnufotsf cTofjZosLo 

j:t'sf]cfk"lt{ ;xh gx'g]kSsf 5 . 

g] kfnsf] of] sdhf] /L ef/t / t/fO{sf 

cfGbf] ngsf/Ln] /fd|/L a'em] sf 5g\ . 

;+ljwfg agfpg ldn]sf tLg k|d'v bn 

g] kfnL sf+u|] ;, g] skf -Pdfn] _ / Pg] skf 

-dfcf]jfbL_ aLrsf]Pstf km'6fpg ;d]t 

ef/ts}xft ePsf]l6Kk0fL ug{ yflnPsf] 

xf]. oxL sf/0f g]kfnL sf“u|]; olta]nf 

cfkm\g}g]t[Tjsf];/sf/lgdF{0f ePdf dfq 

t/fO{sf];d:of ;dfwfg x'G5 eGg]k|rf/ 

k|;f/df s]lGb|t ePsf]5 . 

;+ljwfg sfof{Gjog /gfsfaGbLsf] 

;d:of ;'Nempg'kg] { a] nf g] kfnL sf+u|] ;sf] 

ef/ttkm{sf] em'sfanfO{ gsf/fTds ?kn] 

;d]t x]g{ yflnPsf]5 . ef/t g]kfnleqsf 

bnx¿nfO{ cfk;df n8fpg]/ 

cfkm\gf] :jfy{ k'/f ug] { v] ndf 

nflu/x] sf] g] kfnsf k|d'v 

/fhgLlts bnx¿n]ls t 

a'em]sf 5}gg\, ls t a'em]/klg 

a'em krfO/x]sf 5g\ . 

/fhg} lts bnx¿sf] 

;w}+sf]cndn /c8fgn] 

b]znfO{ ;xL uGtJodf 

gk'¥ofpg]lglZrt 5 . hf/L 

ePsf];+ljwfg sfof{Gjog 

ug{' kg]{ r'gf}tL Psflt/5 

eg] csf{lt/ t/fO{ dw] ;sf] 

cfGbf]ng klg ;dfwfg ug{‘kg]{ 

cfjZostf 5 . To;}n] 

;/sf/ / dw] ;L df] rf{n] 

cfkm\gf]c8fgnfO{ 5f]8]/ 

b]z /hgtfnfO{ Wofgdf 

/fvL ;xdlt lgdf{0f ug{ 

l9nf ug{ gx'g]/fhgLlts 

ljZn]ifsx¿sf]egfO 5 . =

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13

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cfj/0f 

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;j{zlQmdfg /fi6« cd]l/sfdf 

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ljZj 

pRr lxdkft eof] . ljZjnfO{ 

lht]sf] cd]l/sfn] k|s[ltnfO{ lhTg ;s]g . 

lxdkftn] hghLjg c:tJo:t dfq} kf/]g, #! 

hgfsf] Hofg lnof] . t/ klg Tof] lxdkftn] 

olx jif{ @)!^ sf] gf]e]Da/ * tfl/sdf x'g 

u}/x]sf] /fi6«klto r'gfjL dfxf}nnfO{ eg] 

slQ klg lr;f] kf/]g . /fi6«klt lgjf{rgsf] 

ax;n] cd]l/sL /fhgLlt lg/Gt/ tftL /x\of] . 

/fi6««klt lgjf{rgdf s;s;n] afhL dfnf{ eGg] 

tftf] ax;n] oltv]/ ;]tfDo lxp“sf] lr;f]nfO{ 

klg a]dtnjL agfO{lbPsf] 5 . 

cd]l/sL /fi6«klt lgjf{rgsf] /dfO{nf] 

kIf eg]sf] ;g\ !*$% b]lv gf]e]Da/ klxnf] 

xKtfsf] ;f]daf/ g} /fi6«kltsf] lgjf{rgsf] 

nflu dtbfg x'G5 . b'j} kf6L{n] oltv]/ 

cf–cfkm\gf] nf]slk|o pDd]bjf/ 5fGg] 

:yfgLo k|lt:kwf{df r'gfjL d}bfgnfO{ e/k'/ 

k|of]u ul/x]sf 5g . /fi6«ktLo lgjf{rgsf] 

sfo{tflnsf cg';f/ dfr{;Dd :yfgLo txsf] 

5nkmn / g]t[Tjsf] nf]slk|otf gfKg] sfo{ 

hf/L /xG5 . o; qmddf ljleGg /fHox?df 

ePsf k|fO{d/L ss;df 8]df]qm\ofl6s / 

l/klAnsgsf cf–cfkm\g} cfGtl/s k|lt:kwf{n] 

/fi6«klt kbsf nflu b'j} kf6L{af6 sf] sf] 

pDd]bjf/ x'G5g eGg] ;fdfGo 5gs b]lvg 

yfn]sf] 5 . 

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;f];ln:6 eg]/ cfkm"nfO{ lrgfpg] agL{ 

:ofG8/k|lt cd]l/sL hgtfsf] 7"nf] ;d"xn] 

ljZjf; hgfPsf] kfOG5 . ljwfgsf kSsf, 

ljZj;gLo / :jfefljs klxrfg af]s]sf] 

elgPsf :ofG8/n] 8]df]qm]l6s kf6L{af6 

/fi6««kltsf] ;Defljt clGtd pDd]bjf/ lxnf/L 

lSnG6gnfO{ g} s8f r'gf}tL lbO/x]sf 5g\ . 

t}klg, lSnG6gsf] ;+u7gfTds alnof] ks8 

/x]sf] / Ps k6s k|m:6 n]8L g} eO{;s]sf] 

sf/0f kf6L{sf tkm{af6 /fi6««kltsf] clGtd 

r'gfjL k|lt:kwf{df olb s'g} gf6sLo / 

cgk]lIft 36gf ePg eg] pgnfO{ /f]Sg] 

;fdYo{ ;fob s;};“u b]lvGg . lSnG6gsf] 

;jf{lws 7"nf] r'gf}tL eg]sf] g} dtbfgsf 

lbg dtbftfsf] pT;fxdf x'g] sdL dfq 

ePsf]] ljZn]ifx?n] atfO{ /x]sf 5g\ . cGoyf 

lSnG6g cfkm\gf kf6L{af6 /fi6«klt pDd]bjf/ 

x'g] lglZrt h:t} 5 . 

ptf l/klAnsgsf tkm{af6 6]8 qm'h / 

8f]gfN8 6«DkaLr clGtd k|lt:kwf{ e}/x]sf] 

5 . r'gfjL bf}8df /x]sf km\nf]l/8fsf l;g]6/ 

dfsf]{ ?lacf] Tolt k|efjzfnL 7flgPsf 

5}gg\ . o'jf k|ltef ?lacf]n] O/fgsf] cf0fljs 

;Demf}tf nufotdf /fv]sf] c8fgn] l;g]6 

l/klAnsgdf k|efj :yflkt u/]sf] lyof] . 

t/ klg ljleGg ;j]{x?n] 8f]gfN8 6«Dk 

g} pDDf]bjf/ x'g] ;+efjgfx? b]vfO{ /x]sf] 

5 . ;+;f/s} /fhgLlts rng h:t} cd]l/sL 

/fhgLltdf klg hgtf cfkm\gf] kIfdf kfg{ 

ljljw /fhgLlts lts8d / gf/fx? aG5g\ . 

km/s olt xf] sL tL gf/fx? slt Jojxf/df 

k|of]u xf]nf slt gxf]nf . 

cd]l/sL /fi6««klto 

lgjf{rgdf olta]nf 

pDd]åf/x?n] hgtfnfO{ 

eGb} cfPsf] cf– 

cfkm\gf ;'wf/jfbL 

s'/fn] :6s ahf/ 

g/fd|/L vl:sPsf], 

/f]huf/ ahf/ k|eflat 

ePsf], nuflgstf{x?df 

g}/f:otf 5fPsf], 

yk nuflgstf{x?df 

cGof}n kg{ uPsf], 

t]n, k]6«f]nsf] d'No 

vl:sb} hf“bf pkef]Qmfx?n] nfe lng g;s]sf], 

cGt//f{li6«o If]qdf 8n/sf] efp / l:y/tfdf 

ptf/r9fa ePsf] eGb} l6sfl6Kk0fL klg x'g 

yfn]sf] 5 . cd]l/sfdf /fi6«klto r'gfj x'g] 

a]nf o:t} x'g] ePsf]n] klg c? a]nf r'krfk 

a;]sf hgtf /fhgLltdf rf;f] lbG5g\ / 

dtbfgsf] k|ltzt a9\g] u/]sf] atfO{G5, 

cGoyf cd]l/sfdf dtbfgsf] k|ltzt cToGt} 

Go"g x'g] u/]sf] 5 . cd]l/sL /fi6«klto 

lgjf{rgdf ;a}eGbf a9L *! k|ltzt / ;a} 

eGbf sd $( k|ltzt dtbfg ePsf] O{ltxf; 

5 . /fi6«klt cf]afdfn] bf]>f] sfo{sfnsf] 

r'gfjdf %$ bzdnj ( k|ltzt dt v;]sf] 

lyof] . ;+;f/e/ 5l/Psf cfkm\gf dtbftfnfO{ 

;+;f/sf] h'g;'s} s'gfaf6 klg dtbfg ug{ 

kfpg] Joj:yf x'“bf klg dtbfgsf] k|ltzt 

sd x'g] u/]sf] 5 . 

cd]l/sfdf klxnf]kN6 ;g\ !&** df 

klxnf] lgjf{rgaf6 hh{ jfl;+6g lgjf{lrt 

ePsf x'g\ . pgL bf]>f] sfo{sfn klg 

/fi6«kltdf lgjf{lrt ePsf lyP . Toltv]/ 

;Dd /fhgLlts lx;fjn] cd]l/sf of] jf Tof] 

kf6L{df ljeQm ge}sg d'n's lgdf{0fdf dxTj 

lbPsf] kfO{G5 . /fhgLlts lx;fjn] !*)) 

lt/ dfq} 8]df]qm\of6 / l/klAnsg kf6L{x?n] 

cfkm\gf] /fhgLlt z'?jft u/]sf] kfO{G5 . 

Toltv]/ klg 5'6\6} kf6L{ ePklg h;sf] gLlt 

/fd|f] lyof] p;}nfO{ b'j} kIfsf dflg;n] dtbfg 

u/]/ 5fGg] rng lyof] . klxn] d'n's ljsf; 

ug'{ kb{5 clg dfq /fhgLlt eGg] d'ndGqnfO{ 

cfTd;fy u/]sf] cd]l/sfn] ;g\ !*@* df 

cfP/ dfq} 5'6f5'6\6} kf6L{sf ?kdf pDd]bjf/ 

p7fP/ /fi6«klt 5fGg yfn]sf] O{ltxf; 

kfO{G5 . h'g b'O{ kf6L{nfO{ kfn}kfnf] h:tf]u/L 

cd]l/sL ;Qf ;DxfGg hgdt k|fKt e}/x]sf 

5g\ . !*@) df dfq} PG8|\o" HofsS;gn] 

8]df]qm\of6af6 Psn /fi6«klt r'gfj lht]sf 

x'g . ha nf]stGqsff vDafx? alnof eP 

To;kl5 dfq} kf6L{sf ?kdf ljeQm eP/ 

cfh ;+;f/sf] ;Dd'gt /fi6« aGg ;kmn 

ePsf] 5 . ;+;f/df g} klxn] cGt/kf6L{ 

lgjf{rgsf] cEof; u/]/ /fd|f] dfG5] 5fg]kl5 

dfq} ljkIfL;+u r'gfjL d}bfgdf plqg' kb{5 

eGg] dfGotfsf sf/0f cd]l/sfn] To:tf] 

cEof;sf] z'?jft u/]sf x'g . To;}n] xf]nf 

cGo cljsl;t d'n'sdf h:tf] h]n a;]sf] jf 

k|x/L lx/f;tdf a;]sf] cd]l/sfsf] /fhgLltdf 

vf;} u0fgf x'Gg . h;sf] c;n gLlt Tolx 

g]tf x'G5 . ;g\ @))$ ;Dd r'krfk st} 

gb]lvPsf af/fs cf]afdf PSsf;L cd]l/sL 

/fhgLltdf ;nx ;/L 5fP / cGttM b'O{ 

sfo{sfn /fi6«klt ag]/ Oltxf; n]vfP . 

kf6L{df of]ubfg / nufgLsf] s'g} d'Nof+sg g} 

gx'g] eGg] klg xf]O{g x'G5 t s]jn cfGtl/s 

?kdf kf6L{df x'G5 . hj ljkIfL;+u n8fO{sf] 

s'/f x'G5 Toltv]/ s'g g]tfn] d'n'ssf] nflu 

;Dd'gt agfpg ;Sb5 / ljZjdf gDa/ Ps 

agfpg ;Sb5 Tolx cfwf/df p;sf] r'gfjL 

Ph]08fsf] cg';f/ r'lgb} cfPsf 5g\ . 

cd]l/sfdf h'g;'s} r'gfj x'“bf klg 

p7\g] d'n s'/f eg]sf] cd]l/sL cy{tGq, 

/f]huf/L / nufgLdf b]lvPsf] jftfj/0f, 

nfu'cf}ifwsf] a9\bf] k|of]unfO{ lgoGq0f, yk 

nufgL / cfDbfgLsf yk >f]tx?sf] lgdf{0f 

g} x'g\ . To;df klg ;dfgtfsf s'/fdf t]>f] 

ln+uLx?sf] s'/f klg hf]8bf/ ?kdf p7\g] d'2f 

x'g . d'ntM h;n] d'n'snfO{ ;a{zlQmdfg 

sfod} /fVg ;S5 / h;n] cd]l/sL :jledfg 

/ ;a{>]i7tfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg ;S5 p;}nfO 

g} 5gf}6 ug{ cft'/ 5g cd]l/sL hgtf . 

ef]lnsf lbgdf /fi6«klt lgjf{rgdf s;n] 

afhL dfnf{ eGg] s'/fsf] ljZn]z0f ug{ olt 

g} a]nf xtf/f] x'G5 t/ klg ;txdf cfPsf 

c8snafhLx? x]bf{ l/klJnsgsf tkm{af6 

8f]gfN8 6«Dk / 8]df]qm\of6af6 lxnf/L g} 

clGtd k|ltik|wL{ x'g\ eGg] b]lvG5 . cl3Nnf 

r'gfjx? x]bf{ l/klJnsgsf] kfnf] h:tf] b]lvP 

klg olb 6«Dk g} pDd]bjf/ x'g] xf] eg] oltv]/ 

sdhf]/ / ljjflbt pDd]jf/ ePsf sf/0f 

l/klJnsgsf] kfnf] gcfpg ;Sg] ;+efjgfx? 

a9]/ uPsf] 5 . 

pgn] s]lx ;do cl3 Soflnkmf]lg{ofdf 

d'l:ndsf] aGb'saf6 dflg; dfl/Pkl5 ca 

cd]l/sfn] d'l:ndx?nfO{ cd]l/sf e|d0f ug{ / 

leq\ofpg k|ltaGw nufpg' k5{ eGg] dGtAon] 

cd]l/sf tfTof] / pgL lgs} cfnf]lrt klg 

eP . cfk|jf;Lsf] afx'Notf a9\b} uPsf] 

cd]l/sfdf 8f]gfN8sf] lj?4df 7"n} ;d'x 

lgdf{0f eP . l/klAngx?n] 3[|l0ft wf/0ffsf] 

?kdf /fVg gkfpb} 8«DknfO{ l/klAnsgx?n] 

lg:sf;g ug]{ ;Defagf;d]t a9]sf] 

lyof] . ;Gsfxf, ef}hfxf / cd]l/sfsf ;kmn 

Joa;foL lo 8f]gfN8 6«Dksf] cJoaxfl/s 

/ cd]l/sL l;4fGt lakl/tsf] of] egfOn] 

b'O{ s'/f uDeL/ 9+un] p7fOlbPsf] 5 . Ps 

cd]l/sfsf] ;Dk"0f{ hg;Vofsf] ! k|ltztsf] 

;Vof cf]u6]sf] d'l:ndx?sf] x}l;ot, 

pgLx?dfly ca x'g] Aoaxf/ / lt d'l:nd 

cd]l/sgx?n] s;/L lnG5g < o;nfO{ 

csf]{ ;;f/s} bf]>f] 7"nf] wfld{s ;d'bfo / 

wd{ O:nfd / pu|, pb08 / cft+ssf/L 

d'l:ndx?sf sf/0f /fd|f / OdfGbf/ d'l:nd 

Pj+ / cd]l/sfs} ;xof]uL d'l:nd b]zx?n] 

o;nfO{ s;/L lng] xf] uDeL/ k|Zg p7]sf] 5 . 

o; ca:yfn] l/klAnsgx? sdhf]/ e}/xbf 

lxnf/Lsf] /fi6««klt x'g] ;Defagf a9]/ uPsf] 

b]lvG5 . csf]{lt/ cd]l/lsg wgf9\ox?n] 

hnafo'sf] ;Gt'ngsf nflu ;kmf phf{df 

h;n] gof“, bL3{sflng / /fd|f] Ph]08f Nofpg 

;S5 p;}nfO{ cfly{s ;xof]u ug]{ 3f]if0ffn] 

lxnf/Lsf] kIfdf csf]{ dfxf}n a9]/ uPsf] 

5 . klxnf] sfnf hfltsf /fi6««kltkl5 klxnf] 

cd]l/sL dlxnf /fi6««klt lxnf/L / nf]Ug] 

:jf:gL /fi6«klt ePsf] b'O{ j6} /]s8{ Ps} k6s 

tf]l8g] t xf]O{g eGg] ;+efjgf klg a9]/ uPsf] 

5 . To;;+u} cd]l/sL /fi6«klt cf]jfdfn] v'n]/ 

u/]sf] ;xof]usf sf/0f klg lxnf/LnfO{ lgs} 

;xof]u k'uL /x]sf] 5 . 

oltv]/ r'gfjL bf}/fgdf ePsf dxTjk"0f{ 

s'/fx?df 8]df]qm\ofl6s kf6L{sL ;Deflat 

pDd]bjf/ lxnf/L lSnG6gn] km]8]/n ;/sf/sf] 

Go'gtd Hofnfb/ & 8n/ @% k};faf6 

!@ 8n/ k'/\ofpg' kg]{ ts{ lbPkl5 o;sf] 

cy{tGqdf kg]{ ;sf/fTds / gsf/fTds 

k|efan] clxn] ahf/ tft]sf] 5 . Tolt g} 

a]nf l/klAnsg pDd]bjf/x? s;}n] ( 8n/ 

t s;}n] !) 8n/ t s;}n] a9fpg} x'b}g 

eGg] ts{ ;fl//xbf >ldsx?sf] Wofg rflx 

lxnf/Ln] lvlrlbPsL l5g\ . %! ldlnog hgtf 

km'8:6fDk / ;/sf/L ;fdflhs nfe lnO/x]sf] 

cd]l/sfdf s/sf] b/ ;fdfGo tndfly x'“bf 

To;n] bL3{sflng c;/ kg]{ b]lvG5 . 

cfGtl/s pDd]bjf/sf] 5gf}6 e}/x]klg 

cd]l/sL r'gfjdf km]/L klg cfk|jf;LnfO{ x]g]{ 

b[li6sf]0f cg';f/ r'gfjL glthf cfpg ;Sg] 

;+efjgf /x]sf] ljZn]ifsx? atfp“5g . ;+w} 

em} 8]df]qm\of6 kf6L{ cfk|jf;Lsf] kIfdf /x“b} 

cfPsf] 5 eg] l/klJnsg ljkIfdf To;n] klg 

r'gfjL kl/0ffdnfO{ km/s kfg]{5 . em08} tLg 

nfvsf] xf/fxf/Ldf /x]sf] g]kfnL ;d'bfo klg 

cd]l/sL /fi6«kltsf] r'gfjsf af/]df rf;f] 

/fVb} cfPsf] b]lvG5 . cd]l/sfsf] O{ldu|];gsf] 

tYof+s x]bf{ ;g\ !(&$ df %* hgf 

g]kfnL e]l6Psf lyP . Tolta]nf ;f]emf] af6f] 

gePsf]n] ef/t x'“b} cdl/sf k'u]sf] cg'dfg 

ug{ ;lsG5 . Tof] a9]/ # nfvsf] xf/fxf/Ldf 

k'u] klg dtbfgsf] clwsf/ kfpg]x?sf] ;Vof 

eg] d'l:snn] @% xhf/sf] xf/fxf/Ldf k'u]sf] 

cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . 

/fHo txdf e}/xs]sf k|lt:kwf{n] b'j} kf6L{n] 

/fi6«kltdf cfsfIfLx?sf] pDd]bjf/sf] gfdfjnL 

5f]l6b} uPsf] 5 . /fi6«klto lgjf{rgsf] 

Sofn]08/ cg';f/ gf]e]Da/ * sf] lgjf{rgkl5 

lgjf{lrt /fi6«kltn] @)!& sf] hgj/L @) 

df kb:yfkg ug]{5 . To;}n] klg cd]l/sL 

/fi6«kltsf] lgjf{rgn] ljZjsf] Wofg s]lGb|t 

ul//x]sf] 5 .= 

14 



cfj/0f 

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/];'∙fsf] 8f“8f]af6 

dw';"bg kf08]o 

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x} g . @)&) ;fnb] lvsf] /] ;'+ufsf] 

kljq:yn 6] Sg] d] /f] rfxgfn] @)&@ 

df dfq}d"t{?k lng kfof]. axfgf aGof] 

rf} /f;L k"hfsf] . u'NdLdf ghGd] sL d] /L 

wd{kTgLsf] dfOtL u'NdL . u'NdLd} ga:g] d] /f 

;;'/fnL t/ d] /f] ;;'/fnL lhNnf u'NdL . u'NdL 

hfg}g?rfpg]d]/L wd{kTgL t/u'NdL hfg 

cft'/ d . s:tf] lj/f] wfef; < 

dnfO{ ;don];fy lbof]. vNtLn];fy 

lbof]. d]/f]dgn]cf“6\of]. oL tLg s'/fn]Ps} 

k6s ;fy lbof]dg]dfG5]n]ljZjs}e|d0f ug{ 

;S5, hfaf]u'NdL slt 6f9f xf]/< cfdfn] 

lbPsf] ;o ?k} of“ uf] hLdf xfn] / ;fOsnaf6 

ljZj ofqf u/]sf k'is/zfxn]of]lgofqf k9] 

eg]k]6 ldrLldrL gxf“:nfg\ eGg ;lsGg . 

pgsf] l;+uf] k':ts d} n] gbf] xf] ¥ofP/ k9] sf] 5' 

t/pgsf cf“vf o;df gk?g\ eGg]rfxG5' . 

lsgls pgn]lv;L ug]{5g\ . pgL hxf“–hxf“ 

k'u], tL ;a}7fp“sf dlxnfsf]of]gL d':sfg;“u 

/dfPsf zfxn]oxf“ Tof]k|;∙ e]§fPgg\ eg] 

lv;L cjZo ug]{5g\ . d k/]+ ljz'4 wfld{s 

ofqfdf lg:s] sf] ofqL, d] /f] lbdfun] To:tf s'/f 

t s'g}klg lbg ;f]Rb};f]r]g . ;f]Rg]s'/f klg 

ePg . km]l/To:tf]rl/qsf]klg cfk"m kl/Pg . 

@)&@ ;fnsf] b;} +sf] 36:yfkgfsf] 

ef] lnkN6 ;DkGg x'g uO/x] sf] rf} /f;L k"hfsf 

nflu Ps yfg lgdGq0ff sf8{ Ps xKtf 

cufl8 g}xft k¥of]. lgdGq0ff sf8{ lnP/ 

cfpg'x'g]dfof efph' -dfof“ kGyL_ s}cufl8 

elglbP“ d cjZo cfpg]5' . a? d gcfp“b} 

/] ;'+uf ghfg'xf] nf . ;+u} hfp“nf . /] ;'+ufsf] 

tkf]e"ld bz{g ug{s}nflu eP klg hfg] 

ljrf/ u/] sf] dnfO{ rf} /f;L k"hf Ps cj;/ 

;d]t aGof]. kSsf cfp“5' . cjZo cfp“5' . 

;do, vNtL /dgn];fy lbPsf]dnfO{ 

b'O{ lbgkl5 ofqf;fyL klg ldNof]. ta t s] 

rflxof]. xfdLn]b'O{ lbgcl3 sf7df8f}+–tD3f; 

?6df rNg]dfOqmf]a;sf]l6s6 lnof}+ . 

l6s6;“u}Pp6f ;d:of klg cfOnfUof]. 

Tof] ;d:of lyof] kf“r} ah] ;'Gwf/f k'Ug'kg] { . 

af}4 /fdlxl6af6 ;'Gwf/f kf“r}ah]k'Ugsf 

nflu ;f9]tLg ah]g}lx“l8;Sg'kg]{ eof]. 

d]/f ofqf;fyL gfh's . Tof];Dej b]lvPg . 

pxf“n] g} Pp6f k|:tfj /fVg'eof] . sn+sLl:yt 

efO k|]d cof{nsf 3/df cl3Nn}lbgdf uP/ 

a:g]. ef]lnkN6 ToxL+af6 a; r9\g]. Knfg 

ToxL lkmS; eof]. 

;docufj} / efUodf n] v] eGbf a9L 

kfO“b}g eGg]egfO slt ;To /x]5 . k|]dn] 

sn+sLdf 3/agfPsf]klg &÷* jif{ eof] 

xf] nf . b] Vg] cj;/ h'/] sf] lyPg . tD3f;sf] 

rf}/f;L k"hfn]g}Tof]klg h'/fOlbof]. 8f= 

e]if/fh cof{n /d & ut]/flt g}sn+sL uO{ 

ToxL+ af; a:of}+ . ef]lnkN6 ToxL+af6 a; r9L 

tD3f;sf nflu k|:yfg u¥of}+ . 

sn+sLaf6 5'6\g];do %M#) ah] 

eg] / l6s6d} n] lvPsf] lyof] . 7Ls ;dod} 

dfOqmf]a; sn+sL cfOk'Uof]/7Ls ;dodf 

5'6\of]klg . g]kfnsf a;x¿ To;/L tf]s]s} 

;dodf 5'6\g eg]sf]cfZro{sf]s'/f t x'“b} 

xf]. tf]s]s};dodf k'Ug' t emg}cfZro{sf] 

s'/f] eOxfNof] . Tof] a;n] eg] s} ;dodf 

k'¥ofof]klg . rf/ah]lt/xfdL tD3f; 

k'Uof}+ . lgs}cf/fdsf ;fy . s'g}afwf– 

Jojwfg/lxt tl/sfaf6 k'Uof}+ . tD3f;s} 

Ps pRr df=ljsf k"j{k|frfo{ 1fgaxfb'/ 

sfsL{hL;“u ToxL a;d}kl/ro eof]. pxf“ 

klg ;kl/jf/ cfk\mgL cfdfs} rf} /f;L k"hfsf 

nflu 3/ hf“b} x'g'x'“bf] /x] 5 . tD3f; k'u] / 

kmls{“bf;Dd l/“8L :gfg ug{ gkfPsf]df rflx+ 

stf–stf ofqf ck"/}/Xof]ls eGg]klg 

nflu/x]sf]5 t/klg kfNkfs}cu{nL kmf“6n] 

eg]dg}nf]Eofof]. cem egf}+ To;sf]Ifltk"lt{ 

g} lbnfof] . 

ofqf ug'{ 7"nf]s'/f x}g t/ofqf slt 

;'vb aGof] Tof] g} 7"nf] s'/f xf] . rf} /f;L 

k"hfsf] lgDtf] dfGg uO/x] sf xfdL, s:tf] 

7fp“df a;fO x'g]xf]. si6k"0f{ x'g]xf]nf lg . 

lgDtfn' ;a}nfO{ cf/fdbfoL af; t s]sf] 

;Dej xf]nf /< o:t}–o:t}dgdf ;f]Rb} 

uPsf lyof}+ xfdL . hlt /ft l5lKk“b}hfGYof], 

Tof]dfgl;stf k|an x'“b}uPsf]lyof]. 

efO lji0f'sfGt kGyLn]e]if/fh cof{n, d 

/csf{ lji0f' zdf{ kGyLnfO{ sl/j * ah] 

af;:yfglt/ nu] . pgn] cfk\mgf] 3/ glhs} sf] 

;fgf] 3/, ;fgf] kl/jf/, 7"nf] ljrf/sf wgL, 

;Eo, ;f}Do, lzlIft JolQm /fdk|;fb vgfnsf 

3/df nu]/kl/ro u/fP /tLg lbgsf nflu 

xfd|f];]N6/lgwf{/0f ul/lbP . tL bDktLsf] 

Jojxf/;lDem“bf nfU5 af/Daf/tD3f; hfpm“ 

/emg};3g ldqtf uf;f}+ . 

d] /f] tD3f; ofqfsf] d"n p2] Zo rf} /f;L 

k"hfdf ;xeflutf eP klg /];'+uf bz{g, 

ls/0f k':tsfno cjnf] sg, /] ;'+uf ax'd'vL 

SofDk;sf jt{dfg tyf k"j{SofDk; k|d'vx¿ 

qmdzM zlz kGyL, k|]dgfy cof{n, lbg kGyL, 

rGb|sfGt kGyL;“usf] e] 63f6 g] kfnL sf“u|] ; 

u'NdLsf ;efklt zflns kGyL;“u cGtlq{mof 

g} lyof] . ;f} efUon] ;a} wf] sf k"/f eof] . 

jfNdLls SofDk;sf k"j{ :jljo" ;efklt tyf 

pkk|fWofks lji0f' kGyL;“u tD3f;df e]6 

xf] nf eGg] sNkgf;Dd gu/] sf] cj:yfdf 

pgL;“u klg e]6 x'“bf yk v';L nfUof]. lgs} 

;fOt h'/fP/ofqf ubf{ dfq}o;/L ofqfn] 

k"0f{tf k|fKt ub{5 . To; lx;fan];fOt}h'/]sf] 

/x] 5 eGg'k¥of] . 

Cioz[∙ Clifsf]tk:of :yn /];'∙f 

u'NdLs} >Lk] r xf] . u'NdLsf] ;b/d'sfd 

tD3f;tkm{ 9lNsPsfn];f“lRrs};f]x|>[+uf/ 

u/]sL b'nxL h:tL efg x'g], ha nfnLu'/f“; 

k'mN5g\ l;p“bf]el//ft}b]lvg]clg /];'∙fsf] 

lz/df ha k'luG5 lxp“sf]6Lsf nufPsL 

h:tL b] lvg] , k"l0f{dfsf lbgdf /ft} a:g] 

u/L uof] eg] k"0f{rGb|sf] pbo / ef] lnkN6 

;"of]{bosf]dhf lng ;lsg], /];'∙fsf]s]avfg 

u?“ d v}< 

>[ª\uL Clifsf af/]df eGg'kbf{ cfVofgs} 

;xf/f lng'kg]{ elgG5 . pgn]c∙ b]zdf kfgL 

kf/] / b] vfPsf lyP . pg} n] cof] Wofdf k'q] li6 

o1 u/fPsf lyP . ToxL o1sf]r? lgn]sf 

sf/0f bz/y /fhfsf /fgLx¿df ue{ /xg 

uO{ /fd, nId0f, ef/t /zq'£gsf]hGd 

ePsf]lyof]. o:tf rfdTsfl/s Clifsf]hGd 

slknj:t'df ePsf] lyof] . 

logL Clif ljdf08ssf k'q lyP . 

ljdf08ssf]tkf]ann]OGb|sf]cf;g ;d]t 

8udufPsf]lyof]elgG5 . To;kl5 pgsf] 

tke+u ug{sf nflu OGb|n]pj{zL gfdsL 

cK;/fnfO{ k7fP . pj{zLnfO{ b]Vbf pgL sfd 

j]bgfdf k'u]/To;af6 zfGt x'gsf nflu 

kf]v/Ldf :gfg ug{ uP . pj{zL klg ToxL 

kf]v/L xfd kmflng\ /kfgLdf 8'Ag nfu]sf] 

jxfgf ul/g\ . Tof]b]v]/ljdf08sn]pj{zLnfO{ 

kfgLaf6 aflx/Nofpg]k|of; ubf{ub}{ Clifsf] 

jLo{ ktg kfgLd}eof]. Tolta]n}Pp6L 

ltvf{PsL xl/0fL To;}tnfpdf cfP/kfgL 

lkpg]qmddf p;n]jLo{ ;d]t vfO{ /ule{0fL 

eO{ . Tof]s'/f Clif ljdf08sn]yfxf kfOxfn] 

/ Tof] xl/0fLsf] :ofxf/ ;';f/ /fd|f] ;“u u/] . 

;do k'u]kl5 xl/0fLaf6 aRrf hGDof]. Tof] 

aRrfsf];a}z/L/dfG5]sf]h:t}ePklg 

tfn'df rflx+ Ps ljQfsf]l;+u lyof]. To;} 

sf/0f pgsf]gfd Cio>[+u /flvof]. cfk\mgf] 

tkf]e+u ePsf sf/0f ljdf08sn]Cio>[+unfO{ 

cfhLjg a|Xdro{df /fv]/l;l4 k|flKtsf nflu 

??If]qlt/k7fP . pg}Clif >[+uLn]tk:of 

u/] sf] :yn ePsfn] /] ;'+uf gfd /xg uof] . 

ToxL kljq tkf]e"ld ^@ jif{sf]pd]/df v'§f 

6]Sg kfOof]. wGo /];'+uf . 

/];'+ufsf]8f“8f]af6}d}n]:ju{åf/Lsf n]s 

x] /] + . blIf0fsf] dw] z x] /] + . cUnf r'r'/fb] lv 

ulx/f uN5L x] /] + . /] ;'+uf ax'd'vL SofDk;sf] 

cf“ugaf6 x] bf{ km0ff p7fPsf] h:tf] b] lvg] 

/] ;'+ufn] , ;b/d'sfd tD3f;nfO{ cf] yf/f] agfP/ 

a;]sf]h:tf]nfUof]. Toxf“sf]xjgs'08 

tyf vfg] a:g] aGbf] a:t b] Vbf :ju{åf/Lsf] 

ofb cfof]. Eo"6fj/n]Onfdsf]cGt'8f“8f]sf] 

;Demgf u/fof]. tD3f; ahf/af6 k}bn} 

eP klg guO{ g5f8\g]c7f]6sf ;fy uPsf] 

dfG5]nfO{ uf8Lsf]Joj:yf x'“bf slt v';L 

nfUof]xf]nf, Psl5g sNkgf u/f}“ t . slQ 

klg si6 gk'Ug]u/L xfdL Tof]uf8Ldf d, 

8f= e]if/fh cof{n, lji0f' zdf{ kGyL, sdnf 

kGyL clwsf/L, 6's'dfof kGyL, ljdnf kGyL / 

glugf kGyL ;jf/lyof}+ . 

ef]lnkN6 rf}/f;L k"hf lyof]. lbgel/ 

rf} /f;L k"hfdf ;dfj] z eP/ $ ah] lt/ ls/0f 

k':tsfno cjnf]sgsf nflu zzL kGyLhL 

rf}/f;L k"hf :ynd}lng cfOk'Ug'eof]. zzL 

kGyL, lji0f' kGyL /d}n]ls/0f k':tsfno 

cjnf]sg u¥of}+ . zzLhLsf]ldlxg]t / 

Tofusf]bz{g ug{sf nflu ls/0f k':tsfno 

Ps dlGb/}xf]. Toxf“ uP b]Vg ;lsG5 . 

rf} /f;L k"hfsf] ef] lnkN6 laxfg} d} n] 

tD3f;nfO{ jfOjfO u/]+ . l9n}u/]/eP klg 

u'?hLn];s'zn sf7df8f}+ cjt/0f u/fPsf]df 

pgnfO{ wGojfb lb“b}3/tkm{ nfu]+ . u'NdL 3'Dg] 

wf]sf]k'¥ofOlbPsf]df 8f= nIdLsfGt kGyL, 

;"o{sfGt kGyL, rGb|sfGt kGyL, lji0f'sfGt 

kGyL tyf ;Dk"0f{ kGyL kl/jf/hgnfO{ xflb{s 

wGojfb 6q\mofp“5' . rf}/f;L k"hfsL gfos 

;f;'cfdfsf]ztjflif{sL klg dgfpg kfOof];\ 

eGg]sfdgf ;d]t ub{5' . = 


15

cfj/0f 

O{Gwg cefj 

/ phf{ ;+s6 

g]kfnsf nflu ;+efjgf / r'gf}tLx? 

O{zf zdf{ sf]O/fnf 

‘alxgL, Tof] knfli6s gkmfNg' ∕ d 

n}hfG5' . s:tf] /fd|/L aN5, bfp/f 

;Nsfpg sfd nfU5 d§Lt]n gePsf] 

a]nf .’ s]xLa]/sf] nflu 3/wGbfdf 

;xof]u ug{ cfpg' x'g] Pp6L lbbLn] 

d;+u eg]sf] s'/f xf] of], d]/f] xfn} g]kfn 

a;fOsf] bf}/fgdf . d of] s'/fn] :tAw 

eP . Ps} lgd]zdf d]/f] dl:tisn] dnfO{ 

ckmuflg:tfg k'/fof] . ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3 

cGtu{t kmf]x/d}nf Joj:yfkg;DaGwL 

Ps kl/of]hgfdf ;Nnfxsf/sf] ¿kdf 

sfd ug{ hf“bfsf] klxnf] cg'ej :d/0f 

lbnfpb} . To; avt Pp6f afnsn] af]/f 

lnP/ Knfli6s a6'n]sf] b]v]/ d}n] lh1f;f 

/fv]sL lyP s] sf nflu eg]/ . p;n] 

eGof] – ‘cfuf] afn]/ vfgf ksfpg .’ To; 

avt d]/f] lbdfudf s] cfPsf] lyof] eg] 

‘sd;]sd xfd|f] g]kfndf kmf]x/d}nfsf] 

plrt Joj:yfkg gePtfklg / OGwgdf 

cfTdlge{/tf gePtf klg of] bogLo l:ylt 

t 5}g .’ clxn] lt lbbLsf] s'/f ;'g]/ xfd|f] 

b]z slt k5fl8 ws]lnP5 eGg] s'/fn] 

cfkm} cf“∙} l;l/∙ eof] . sd;]sd 9'+u] 

o'u jftfj/0fLo lx;fan] t lgd{n lyof] . 

/fd k|;fb lwtfn 

sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs, a}slNks phf{ k|ab{g 

s]Gb|, g]kfn ;/sf/ hg;+Vof tyf 

jftfj/0f dGqfno 

g]kfndf phf{ pTkfbgsf ;Defjgfx? s] 

s] 5g\ < 

g]kfnsf] e"agf]6, ljZj dfglrqdf 

g]kfnsf] :yfg / s[lif tyf jgdf cfwfl/t 

cy{ Joj:yfsf] sf/0fn] gljs/0fLo phf{ 

pTkfbgsf k|;:t ;Defjgfx? /x]sf 

5g\ . hn>f]tsf] wgL b]z eg]/ sxlnPsf] 

g]kfndf cfly{s tyf k|fljlws lx;fan] 

$$ xhf/ d]ufjf6sf] ljB't hnljB't 

cfof]hgfx?af6 lgsfNg ;lsG5 . To;}u/L 

jif{df #)) lbg eGbf a9L cf};t %–^ 

306f /fd|f] 3fd nfU5, k|lt ju{ ld6/ 

If]qkmndf $–% o'lg6 ljB't phf{ ;f}o{ 

phf{af6 lgsfNg ;lsG5 . To;sf ;fy} 

g]kfndf s/La @) nfv jfof]Uof“; 

KnfG6 / u|fdL0f e]udf ;'wfl/Psf] r'Nxf] 

x/]s 3/df agfpg ;lsG5 . g]kfnsf 

kxf8L lhNnfx? ljz]if u/L ;f]n'v'Da', 

dgf∙, d':tf∙, /fd]5fk, Ko"7fg h:tf 

lhNnfx?df afx|} dlxgf xfjf rln/xg] x'bf“ 

jfo'af6 klg lah'nL lgsfNg ;lsG5 . 

a}slNks phf{ k|ab{g s]Gb|dfkm{t ul/Psf] 

Ps cWoogn] kxf8L lhNnfsf cltl/tm 

sfnL u08sLsf] lt/nufot 7"nf gbLx?sf] 

5]pdf jfo' phf{sf] cfof]hgfx? agfpg ;Sg] 

;+efjgf b]vfPsf] 5 . 

phf{df cfTdlge{/ x'g xfdLnfO{ slt ;do 

nfUnf < 

phf{df cfTdlge{/ x'g ;lsG5 t/ ;do 

nfU5 . xfn s'n phf{df sl/a *% k|ltzt 

phf{sf] vkt k/Dk/fut phf{sf >f]tx? 

h:t} jg h+un, sf7 bfp/f, s[lifhGo kbfy{, 

uf]a/ u'O7f cflbaf6 ePsf] 5 . s/Lj !) 

k|ltzt phf{sf] vkt cfoftLt phf{ ljz]if 

u/L k]6«f]lnod / sf]O{nfaf6 k"lt{ ePsf] cj:yf 

5 eg] hnljB'taf6 @ k|ltzt / gljs/0fLo 

phf{af6 klg @ k|ltztsf] xf/fxf/Ldf vkt 

ePsf] cj:yf 5 . xfd|f] phf{ vkt lbuf] 5}g . 

xfdL phf{sf nflu b'O{j6f >f]tdf cToflws 

lge{/ 5f}+ . klxn] k/Dk/fut pmhf{ >f]t h;sf] 

cToflws k|of]un] Psflt/ jftfj/0fdf x|f; 

cfO{ xfd|f] efjL k':tfn] ;d]t o;sf] ef/ 

v]Kg' kg{] cj:yf 5 eg] csf{]lt/ k]6«f]lnod 

kbfy{sf] cToflws k/lge{/tfn] xfd|f] /fli6«o 

cy{tGq cf]/fnf] nfUbf] cj:yf 5 . o:tf] 

cj:yfdf k/Dk/fut pmhf{ tyf k]6«f]lnod 

kbfy{ vkt sd ug{' kg{] 5 . o;sf nflu 

xfdL;+u ePsf >f]tx? ljif]z u/L hnljB't 

cfof]hgfn] cToflws ?kddf ljh'nL lgsfNg 

;lsof] eg] xfdL cfTdlge{/ x'g ;S5f} . ljz]if 

u/L oftfoft If]qsf] pmhf{ hnljB't Pj+ cGo 

gjLs/0fLo pmhf{jf6 lj:yfkg ug{ Hofb} 

r'gf}tLk"0f{ sfo{ xf] t/ ljB'tLo pmhf{nfO{ vfgf 

ksfpg] OGwgsf] ?kdf nufpg ;lsP xfd|f] 

vlgh pmhf{ cfoft ug{ nfUg] k“"hL jrt x'g 

uO{ xfd|f] cy{tGq dha't x'g ;S5 . 

k|wfgdGqL s] kL cf]nLn] 3/3/df Uof“;sf] 

kfO{k n}hfg] s'/f ug{' ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] s'g 

>f]tnfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ To;f] eGg' ePsf] xf], 

o:tf] s'g} ;+efjgf 5 < 

k|wfgdGqLHo"n] eGg' ePsf] k|;+u zx/L 

If]qdf /x]sf] kmf]x/nfO{ phf{df kl/jt{g u/L 

vfgf ksfpg k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] ;Gbe{df k|of]u 

ePsf] x'g' kb{5 . xfd|f gu/kflnsfx?Jff6 

b}lgs em08} !^)) 6g k|ltlbg kmf]x/ 

lg:sG5 . o;sf] Joj:yfkg g} 7"nf] r'gf}tLsf] 

?kdf /x]sf] cj:yfdf o;jf6 jfof]Uof; 

lgsfn]/ 3/ 3/df ljt/0f ug{' cem} 7"nf] 

r'gf}tL xf] t/ klg ljs]Gb|Lt ?kjf6 kmf]x/ 

Joj:yfkg / kmf]xf]/nfO{ pmhf{ pTkfbgdf 

nufpg ;lsof] eg] b]zn] sf“r'nL km]g{ ;S5 . 

g]kfndf phf{ ;+s6 ;dfwfgsf nflu /fi6«n] 

s:tf] kxn ug{' k5{ < To;df u}/cfjfl;o 

g]kfnLn] s:tf] e"ldsf v]Ng ;Snfg\ < 

g]kfndf clxn] h'g pmhf{ ;+s6 cfof] 

To;sf] ;dfwfg /fi6«df klxn]b]lv g} ;f]Rg'kg]{ 

lyof] . clxn] b]zdf h'g pmhf{ ;+s6 cfof] 

To;sf] ;dfwfg /fhgLlts ?kdf g} x'g'kg]{ 

b]lvG5 . t/ To:tf] pmhf{ ;+s6 cfO;s]kl5 / 

;/sf/n] e08f/0f Ifdtf ljlw ldnfO{ b]znfO{ 

sDtLdf ^ dlxgf k'Ug] OGwg tyf PnlkhL 

Joj:yfkg u/L k|efjsf/L ?kdf ljt/0f ug{ 

;Sg'k5{ . w]/} 6«fG;kmd{/x? a9L ef/ eP/ 

sfd gug]{ ePsf] b]lvG5 . d'Vo s'/f t 

g]kfnsf] Pp6f PsLs[t phf{ gLlt agfpg'k5{ . 

;/sf/n] Joj;flos phf{sf] nflu ldl>t phf{ 

k|0ffnL ljsf;df hf]8 lbg' k5{ tyf hgtfnfO{ 

Smart Subsidy sf] Joj:yf u/L Income 

Tax x?df klg Green energy pTkfbg eg]/ 

5'6sf] Joj:yf u/L k|f]T;fxg ug'{ k5{ . zx/L 

If]qsf OGe6{/ k|of]u ul//x]sf 3/x?nfO{ 

clgjfo{ ?kdf cfjZostf cg';f/ ;f]nf/ 

/fVg ;s] s]xL ljB't k|0ffnLsf] ef/ 36\g uO{ 

;f]af6 ar]sf] ljh'nL pBf]u wGbfdf nufpg 

;lsG5 . 

lab]zdf a:g u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnLn] 

sdfPsf] k};f g]kfnsf] pmhf{ pTkfbg ug]{ 

If]qdf nufgL ug'{k5{ . clxn]sf] ;dodf ljB't 

lasf;lt/ u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnLx?n] ;/sf/;“u 

;+emf}tf u/L nufgL ug'{k5{ . vf;u/L zx/L 

;f}o{ pmhf{ sfo{qmddf Aofhb/df cg'bfg 

pknAw u/fpg] gLlt NofPsf] cj:yfdf soft 

loan sf] nflu fund sf] Joj:yfdf ;xof]u 

k'of{pg'k5{ h:fn] ;f}o{ pmhf{df nufgL a9\5 . 

e"k]Gb| zfSo 

xfn gljs/0fLo phf{df ljBfjfl/lw ub}{, 

o'lgel;{6L ckm Go" ;fpyj]N; 

n3' hnljB'tdf sfd u/]/ oxf“ 

ci6«]lnofdf ljBfjfl/lw ub}{ x'g'x'G5, 

oxf“sf] cg';Gwfgsf] laifo s] xf] < 

g]kfndf sfd ubf{ /fli6«o 

k|zf/0fsf] ljB't gk'u]sf 7fp“x?df 

gljs/0fLo phf{sf >f]tx? h:t} 

n3' hnljB't, ;f}o{ phf{cflb dfkm{t 

s;/L b'u{d :yfgx?df ljB'tsf] kx'“r 

k'/\ofpg] eGg] If]q;+u ;DalGwt lyP . 

oxf“ cfpg' eGbf cuf8L a}slNks phf{ 

k|ab{g s]Gb| cGtu{t tyf ;+o'Qm 

/fi6«;+l3o lasf; sfo{qmdsf] ;xof]udf 

;+rflnt u|fld0f hLljsf]kfh{gsf nflu 

gljs/0fLo phf{ sfo{qmddf sfo{/t 

lyP . 

clxn] d]/f] ljBfjfl/lwsf] laifo 

klg u|fld0f If]qdf ljB'lts/0f;“u 

g} ;DalGwt 5 . xfdL cS;/ u/]/ 

ljB'lto >f]tsf] s'/f ul//fv]sf x'G5f} 

t/ ljB'tn] k'/\ofpg] ;]jfsf] klg 

Tolts} dxTj x'G5 . To;}n] u|fld0f 

kl/k]|Ifdf To:tf cfjZos ;]jfx? s] 

s] x'g / pQm ;]jf cj?4 gx'g] ul/ 

16 



cfj/0f 

b]zsf] /fhg}lts kl/l:yltaf6 dha'/ eO{ 

k]6 kfNg ckgfO{Psf] o; tl/sfsf] cuf8L 

d}n] jftfj/0fsf] s'/f] u/] eg] Aoy{ x'g]5 

eGg] 5n{+u b]v]/ d}n] eg] ‘x/] . To:tf] klg 

ug{' ∕ Knfl:6saf6 cfpg] w'jf“n] Psbd 

g/fd|f] la/fdL u5{, SofG;/ u/fp“5 . 

a? sfuh afNg' lg ∕’ pgn] l;w} elgg 

‘s]lx w'jf“ cfp“b}g, s:tf] dhfn] aN5 .’ 

d]/f] dg /f]of] . Psl5g ;f]Rg k'u]+ ‘cf“km' 

a}slNks phf{ If]qdf sfd u/]sf] dfG5] 

/ Tolx g]kfn a;fO{“sf] bf}/fgdf Pp6f 

afof]Uof;;DaGwL k':tssf] ;Dkfbs 

d08ndf /xL sfd klg ub}{ lyP, cflv/ 

o:tf] kl/l:yltdf Jojxfl/s ?kdf k|ToIf 

lx;fan] ;a{;fwf/0fsf] b}lgsL rnfpg 

JolQmut :t/af6 d}n] s] ug{ ;S5' xf]nf 

t .’ d]/f] dg larlNnt eof] . 

htf kmSof{] Tot} lg/fzf ∕ g]kfnsf 

ufp“ zx/ dWo ;a}eGbf a9L hg;+Vof 

ePsf] sf7df8f+} s} dfq s'/f ubf{ klg 

nf]8;]l∙kl5 aNn aNn cfPsf] lah'nLdf 

Toqf hgtfn] vfgf ksfp“bf / kfgL 

tfGg] d]lzg rnfp“bfsf] nf]8 yfDg 

g;sL km]/L ‰ofKk} hfg] alQsf] e/f];} 

ePg . vfgf ksfpg] PnkLhL Uof; 

;fdfGo tl/sfn] ;lx d"Nodf cfwf 

l;lnG8/ dfq lsGgnfO{ klg dlxgf} s'g{'kg]{ 

cGoyf sfnf]ahf/Ldf kf“r u'0ff;Dd klg 

a9L ltg{'kg]{ . sf7df8f}+leq / aflx/ 

l/∙/f]8 jl/kl/ tf]lsPsf] ;Lldt dfqfdf 

kfOg] OGwgsf nflu kfnf] s'/]/ a;]sf 

;jf/L ;fwgx?, ;fªnfn] af“lwPsf Uof“;sf 

l;lnG8/x? / ;fy} 8f]/Ln] af“lwPsf ;;fgf 

9\jf+u / a§fx? olt b]lvg] dfgf} s'g} 

dxfg /yofqf x“'bf oqtq ;hfOPsf lt/+uL 

/ Wjhfktfsf h:t} ∕ b}lgs vfgkfgsf 

nflu cTofjZos ;fdu|Lb]lv lnP/ cGo 

x/]s s'/fsf] efp o;/L cfsfl;Psf] 5 

nfU5 k};fsf] t s'g} d"No g} 5}g, To;} 

?vdf kmlnxfN5 lg ∕ oL ;a} s'/fx?af6 

of] :ki6 b]lvG5 ls sltko If]qdf gLlt 

lgod tyf /0fgLlt g} sdhf]/ 5g\ t 

st} sfof{Gjogdf sdhf]/L 5 . clg k|fo 

h;f] x/]s :t/df cg'udg k|0ffnL t emg\ 

cToGt} sdhf]/ aGb} uPsf] 5 . 

ef/t / rLg h:tf b'O{ zlQmzfln 

d'n'sx?sf dfem b'O{ 9'+ufaLrsf] t?n e} 

a;]sf] ;fgf] g]kfnnfO{ cfly{s ljsf;sf] 

cfwf/e"t cfjZostf phf{df lbuf]kgf 

NofO{ b]z ljsf;sf nflu s]lx xb;Dd 

eP klg cf}Bf]uLs/0f dfkm{t cu|;/ x'g' t 

6f9fsf] s'/f, ;fdfGo b}lgsL rnfpg;d]t 

xDd] xDd] kl//x]sf] cj:yf 5 . 3'ldlkm/L 

?Demf6f/ eg]em} ;a} s'/f] b]zsf] /fhg}lts 

cj:yf / b]znfO{ xf“Sg] g]tfx?df cfP/ 

c8\lsG5 . efif0f / ljleGg of]hgfdf 

k|;:t} ;+efjgf elgP klg cflv/ lsg ;+w} 

;d:ofdfly ;d:of ylkPsf 5g\ t < o; 

k6s xfdLn] s]lx lj1x?nfO{ g]kfnsf] phf{ 

;+s6 / ;dfwfgdf pkfox?df s]lGb|t /x]/ 

s'/fsfgL u/]sf 5f}+ . 

s;/L / s:tf] lsl;dsf] >f]t pkof]u u/]/ 

nfut sd u/fpg ;lsG5 eGg] d]/f] ;f]wsf] 

laifo xf] . 

:yfgLo :t/df ljsf; ul/Psf] n3' 

hnljB't, ;f}o{ phf{nfO{ /fli6«o lu|8df 

hf]8]/ clxn]sf] nf]8;]l8∙nfO{ sd ug{ 

;lsG5 < 

ljs]lGb|t ¿kdf gljs/0fLo phf{sf] 

>f]tx?af6 pTkflbt ljB't /fli6«o lu|8df 

hf]8\g' gf}nf] s'/f xf]Og . k|flalws ?kdf 

o;/L hf]8]/ kmfObf lng ;lsG5 t/ d'Vo 

s'/f] cfly{s ?kdf klg kmfObfhgs x'G5 

ls x'b}g x]g{' dxTjk'0f{ x'G5 . ljB't pTkfbg 

Ifdtf, pkof]u x'g g;s]sf] ljB't zlQm, 

n3' hnjB't u[xb]lv k|;f/0f nfOg;Ddsf] 

b'/L tyf n3' hnljB'tsf] cj:yf cflbn] n3' 

hnljB'tnfO{ /fli6«o k|;f/0f nfOgdf hf]8\g 

cfly{s ¿kn] ;an x'G5 ls x'b}g eGg] s'/f 

lgSof]{n ub{5 . 

csf]{s'/f o;/L :yflkt n3' hnljB't, 

;f}o{ phf{ :yfgLo:t/df ljB'tsf] dfu k"/f 

ug]{ p2]Zon] :yflkt ul/Psf] x'G5 . g]kfnsf] 

;Gbe{df ;/b/df :yflkt n3' hnljB'tsf] 

pTkfbg Ifdtf #) lsnf] jf6 /x]sf] 5 . 

w]/} h;f] n3' hnljB'taf6 ;f“emsf] ;dodf 

pTkflbt ljB't vkt x'G5 eg] c? ;dodf 

pTkflbt ljB'tsf] pkof]u vf;} x'g g;s]sf] 

cj:yf 5 . h;n] ubf{ pTkfbg / pkof]usf] 

cg'kft ;/b/df @% k|ltzt 5 eg] af“sL 

&% k|ltzt v]/ uPsf] cj:yf 5 . 

xfn g]kfndf em08} @% d]uf jf6 ljB't 

n3' hnljB'taf6 pTkfbg eO{;s]sf] 5 . 

;fy} /fli6«o k|zf/0f nfO{g klg la:tf/ x'g] 

qmddf !)) eGbf a9L n3' hnljB'tsf] 

ljt/0f If]qleq la:tfl/t e};s]sf] 5 . 

h;n] ubf{ lgdf{0ffwLg jf ;+rfngdf /x]sf 

n3' hnljB'tn] cfly{s ;+s6 a]xf]g]{ afWotf 

5 . olb !)) eGbf a9L n3' hnljB'taf6 

pTkflbt # d]uf jf6 eGbf a9L ljB't /fli6«o 

lu|8df hf]8\g ;lsPsf] v08df s]lx xb;Dd 

nf]8;]l8+u sd ug{ ;xof]u k'of{p5 eg] 

n3' hnljB't kl/of]hgfnfO klg e/ kbf]{ 

cfDbfgLsf] >f]t aGg ;Sb5 . 

g]kfnsf] phf{;+s6 ;dfwfgsf nflu /fi6«n] 

s:tf] kxn ug{' k5{ h:tf] nfU5 < ljb]zdf 

a:g] u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnLn] o;df s]lx 

e"ldsf v]Ng ;S5g < 

xfnsf] las/fn cj:yfdf ;a} k|sf/sf 

;Defjgfx?sf] pkof]u ug{'kg]{ b]lvG5 . 

g]kfndf ljB't pTkfbgsf] xsdf hnljB'tdf 

dfq Wofg lbPsf] kfOPsf] 5 . cGo 

gljs/0fLo phf{sf] >f]t ;f}o{, jfo'af6 klg 

ljB't pTkfbgsf] nfut 36\bf] qmddf /x]sf] 

/ l56f] h8fg ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf ePsf]n] 

oL >f]tx?df klg Wofg lbg' kg]{ a]nf cfPsf] 

5 . To;}n] lgdf{0ffwLg hn ljB'tx? b|'t 

ultdf ;DkGg ug{', l56f] :yfkgf / ;+rfng 

x'g ;Sg] phf{ >f]t ;f}o{ phf{sf] Joj;flos 

pTkfbg ug{' / cfly{s ?kn] ;an x'g] n3' 

hnlaB'tx?nfO{ /fli6«o k|zf/0f nfO{gdf 

hf]8\g' cfjZos b]lvG5 . ;fy} ldtJooL 

?kdf cTofjZos ;]jfsf] nflu laB'tsf] 

pkof]u, gof“ k|lalw o'Qm s'zn ljB'tLo 

;fdfgsf] k|of]u h:t} sd zlQm vkt ug]{ 

Aof6«L hl8t n]8 lrd -laB't gx'“bf klg 

#–$ 306f aNg] lrd_ x?sf] k|of]un] klg 

nf]8;]l8∙sf] c;/nfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug{ d2t 

ub{5 . o;sf cnfjf ljB'tLo kf/jxg, 

ljB'tLo r'Nxf] ;+rfng ug{ k'Ug] ljB'tLo 

;+/rgfsf nflu kxn ePdf w]/} xb;Dd phf{ 

;+s6sf] ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g]5 . 

g]kfnaf6 cfP/ ljb]zdf pRr lzIff 

cWog ug{' ePsf ;fy} k|flalws If]qdf 

nfUg' ePsf lj1x?sf] lj4tfsf pkof]uaf6 

gf}nf] k|ljlwdf /x]sf] hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f 

eO{ kl/of]hgf l56f] / ;:tf]df aGg ;Sg] 

;Defjgf 5 . csf]{ tkm{ hnljB't, ;f}o{, 

jfo'af6 ljB't pTkfbg ug{ cfjZos kg]{ 

nufgLsf] nflu klg u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnLx?sf] 

e"ldsf sf]z]9'∙f ;fljt x'g ;Sb5 . ;fy} of] 

;xof]u k|aflxs/0f ug{ pko'Qm gLlt tyf 

kf/bzL{ k|lqmof, pko'Qm ;dGjosf/L ;+:yf 

/ bx|f] /fhg}lts k|lta4tfn] cxd\ e"ldsf 

v]Nb5 . 

8f= cd[t axfb'/ sfsL{ 

afof]Uof; la1, g]kfnsf nflu ‘kmfb/ 

ckm afof]Uof;’ pkflwn] ;Ddflgt 

g]kfndf slt kl/jf/sf] r'nf] afof]Uof“;df 

lge{/ 5 / >f]tsf] k|of]u ug]{ xf] eg] yk 

slt 3/df k'/\ofpg ;lsG5 < 

;j{k|yd g]kfndf jfof] Uof“;sf] 

:yfkgf ;g\ !(%) ;fndf ;]G6 h]leo;{ 

:s'n uf]bfj/Lsf kmfb/ lj=cf/=;'af]nn] 

u/]sf lyP . ufO{j:t' / cGo hgfj/ Pj+ 

dflg;sf dnd'qaf6 klg vfgf ksfpg 

e/kbf]{ OGwg / v]tLkftLsf] nflu rflxg] 

k|f∙fl/s dn;d]t k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] x'“bf 

o;sf] ljsf; tLj| ultdf e} /x]sf] 5 . 

xfn g]kfndf tLgnfv eGbf a9L kl/jf/n] 

cfkm\gf] r'Nxf]df uf]j/ Uof“; afNb5g\ . 

g]kfndf k|fljlws b[li6sf]0faf6 !( nfv 

afof]Uof“; KnfG6 :yfkgf ug]{ ;DefJotf 

/x]tfklg xfn;Dd To;sf] !^ k|ltzt 

dfq} pkof]u ug{ ;lsPsf]n] cem} !^ nfv 

kl/jf/sf] r'Nxf]df afof]Uof“; rnfpg] 

;DefJotf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . 

o;nfO{ OGwgsf] ?kdf k|of]u ubf{ s'g s'g 

sfdsf nflu k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 < 

3/]n':t/df afof]Uof; ;fdfGotof 

vfgf ksfpg / alQ afNg k|of]u ul/G5 . 

o;af6 lk|mh klg rnfpg ldN5 . To;}ul/ 

l8h]naf6 rNg] ‘8"cn lkm+pn h]g]/]l6+u 

;]6’ klg afof]Uof;af6 rnfpg ldN5 -&) 

k|ltzt afof]Uof; / #) k|ltzt l8h]n 

ld;fP/_ / ;fy} afof]Uof;af6 lah'nL klg 

pTkfbg ug{ ;lsG5 . 

afof]Uof; xfn g]kfnsf s:tf 7fp“x?df 

pko'Qm x'G5g < 

afof]Uof“;sf] ;Gtf]ifhgs pTkfbgsf] 

nflu @$ l8u|L ;]lG6u|]8 pQd dflgG5 . 

t;y{ of] k|ljwL t/fO{ / sd prfO{ ePsf] 

kxf8df pko'Qm x'G5 . lr;f]n] pTkfbg 36\g] 

x'“bf pRr kxf8sf] nflu xfnsf] ;Gbe{ eg] 

plt pko'Qm x'“b}g . cyf{t !%)) b]lv @))) 

ld6/ prfO ePsf] 7fp“df afof]Uof“; rNg t 

rN5 t/ Uof“;sf] pTkfbg eg] lgs} 36\b5 . 

g]kfnsf] phf{ ;+s6 ;dfwfgsf nflu /fi6«n] 

s:tf] kxn ug{'k5{ < To;df u}/cfjfl;o 

g]kfnLn] s:tf] e"ldsf v]Ng ;Snfg\ < 

xfn g]kfndf b]vf k/]sf] OGwgsf] 

;+s6 Go"g ug{sf] nflu jfof]Uof“;n] klg 

dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng ;S5 . To;sf] nflu 

Jofks cleofg rnfP/ k|rf/k|;f/ u/]/ 

;DefJo 7fp“df 7"nf7"nf Ifdtfdf jfof]Uof“; 

KnfG6 :yfkgf ug'{k5{ . ;fy} o;sf] nflu 

pko'Qm cg';Gwfg / cGj]if0f klg ;+u;+u} 

ub}{ hfg'k5{ . dflg; hgfj/ kz'k+IfLaf6 

lg:s]sf] kmf]xf]/sf] ;fy;fy} zx/sf] 3/3/af6 

lg:s]sf] kmf]x/af6 jfof]Uof“; lgsfnL To;af6 

ljB't;d]t lgsfNg ;Sg] 7"nf] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 

5 . 

ljb]zdf a:g] u}/cfjfl;o g]kfnLx?n] 

g]kfnsf] phf{ ;+s6 ;dfwfg ug{ cToGt dxTjk"0f{ 

e"ldsf v]Ng ;Sb5g\ . pgLx?n] xfO8«f]kfj/df 

t nufgL g} ul/;s]sf 5g\ . jfof]Uof“;sf] 

s'/f ubf{ zx/sf] kmf]x/d}nfsf] k|of]uaf6 s'g} ;fgf] 

gu/kflnsf If]qdf jfof]Uof“; KnfG6 :yfkgf 

u/L pGgt k|ljwLaf6 ljh'nL lgsfn]/ 3/3/df 

ljt/0f ug]{ gd"gfsf] of]hgfdf ljz]if ;xof]u 

k'/\ofpg ;Sb5g\ . To;df g]kfn ;/sf/n] 

cg'bfgsf] Joj:yf;d]t u/]sf] 5 . 


17

cfj/0f 

Hitendra Dev Shakya, 

Power Sector Specialist at Office 

of the Millennium Challenge 

Nepal in National Planning 

Commission (deputed from NEA) 

How is the demand and supply of 

electricity in Nepal? What could be the 

reasons behind existing dire situation 

of load-shedding? What strategies and 

future plans does Nepal Electricity 

Authority (NEA) have to improve the 

situation? 

The Electricity demand in terms of 

Peak in the evening has reached 1350MW 

(this winter 2015) while the supply has 

not exceeded 650MW that includes NEA 

and all IPPs and the import from India. 

In terms of energy demand, about 19,500 

MWh of which only 13,000 MWh was 

supplied daily (data of January 2016). 

There has been almost a 15% jump year 

to year in demand. If you consider the 

fact that the base load is near 50% of the 

peak load, and some essential services 

and areas are supplied uninterrupted, it 

all means that there is more than 12 hours 

load-shedding in the general public. 

People may debate endless and 

fruitless on why it was not foreseen 

and NEA did not plan, but one should 

remember - Nepal has been in continuous 

transition since 1980 - reformed 

Panchayat, multi-party democracy, armed 

conflict, constitutional conflict and postconstitution 

conflict. The bureaucracy 

was tinkered, degraded and destroyed 

with the rise of the politicians who-coulddo-nothing-wrong 

and yet did exactly 

that - created ad hoc administration that 

did not feel responsible while NEA, a 

part of the Government of Nepal (GoN) 

machinery, was shellacked and yet 

blamed for everything that went wrong. 

Hence, if you join the chorus, it 

is the NEA that has failed the nation. 

Despite the fact that GoN expected more 

than half of generation to come from 

private sector and which did not happen. 

Private sector has put its money in the 

projects, despite all odds. The hurdles 

faced by them that of policy instability, 

bad governance at local level, unstable 

economy and lack of transmission and a 

competitive market or electricity reform 

- meant they could not deliver. Whom do 

we blame? 

To improve the situation, first 

obvious stop is the NEA as it is "the 

know-all, cure-all". Aside from the 

smirks, it is the GoN policy reform and 

the politicians’ behaviour reform - that is 

urgent. What needs to be done ? Starting 

from consumer side, Step 1 - Pass the cost 

of service (supply) to retail tariff, form a 

Regulator to oversee the costs, and make 

this cost pass-through happen. Step 2 - 

Let NEA plan and invest in Distribution 

reinforcement to meet the demand. Step 

18 

3 - GoN plan and find investment to 

construct robust grid, which will call for 

massive investment with World Bank/ 

ADB/ bilateral aid in line reinforcements. 

Step 4 - Facilitate Financing, Policy 

reform, One window policy, GoN 

incentive in tax, good governance at local 

level etc to accelerate private developers 

to increase supply, while GoN should 

fill the gap of peak and provide energy 

security by building Reservoir projects 

and alternative energy sources. Step 5 - 

Enable power trade in Nepal and across 

the border to India and further, and create 

domestic market AND then let GoN 

and the rent-seeking politicians focus 

elsewhere for their philanthropy and 

plummage. 

What should NEA do or be doing??? 

NEA has prepared a Transmission Master 

Plan and is preparing a Distribution 

Master Plan. Now NEA needs multilateral 

loan and grant for investing in them, and 

to prepare for unbundling. For NEA, 

it is an existential question right now, 

"whether to be or not to be". While GoN 

plans for its unbundling, NEA must go on 

planning for generation/transmission and 

distribution! A classic filmy scene - do or 

die! 

NEA is planning to construct second 

cross-border 400kV line from Butwal to 

India, which will enable another 2,000 

MW import in dry season or export in 

wet season. NEA is now in the role of 

balancing the act, hoping the private 

sector will deliver and India will not 

spoil the game and upturn the table on 

it. Having said that, it is NEA's sole 

responsibility now to plan for distribution 

such that electricity is not interrupted, and 

is of good quality once supply taken care 

of. 

In context of current border blockade, 

discussions are going on that Nepal 

should be more self-reliant on energy 

through hydropower generation. What 

are its possibilities and challenges? 

Its impossible for Nepal to be 

self-reliant on electricity. Let’s not be 

surprised. This is a bitter truth. However, 

we can definitely be inter-dependent and 

that can happen soon. 

God Willing! Our resources are 

water, to some extent sun and very little 

of wind and earth (geo-thermal)- all 

renewables. Unless we make large 

reservoirs at exorbitant economic and 

environmental and social costs, or rely on 

costly battery and other storage devices, 

we cannot be self-reliant on energy. We 

can be Net Exporter on energy, but we 

have to exchange energy, for optimum 

development and optimum cost of 

electricity THAT our economy needs 

to grow and grow fast. Electricity is a 

basic need (infrastructure), electricity is 

a means to produce (raw material) and 

electricity is a product itself (export), 

but it has to be cheap and economic. 

Hence, we need to explore Indian and 

regional market tirelessly, despite recent 

developments (embargo), hoping that 

good sense will prevail in India and they 

will not insist on self-infliction just for 

regional bullying ‘dada-giri’. They need 

Nepalese clean hydro-energy just as much 

as we do their dry season energy. 

Converting from Fossil fuel 

to electricity is getting cheaper 

due to technology - in cooking and 

transportation - these are the two weak 

points of Nepal's energy need. GoN 

has to remove the vested Mafias in the 

incumbent businesses, and provide 



tax-break, infra-structure support etc for 

technology change-over - especially in 

electric vehicles and mass transport. 

For Nepal, the situation is getting 

ready for power-trade. 2600MW of PPA 

signed, 1500MW of them undergoing 

construction and despite delays, will 

be available in 3 years time - which 

means we will have surplus in wet 

season for 21 hours a day from 2018 

July. The two PDAs of 900 MW each 

by Indian developers will provide 

300MW more as free-energy to Nepal, 

and expected in 5 years time. If the PPA 

rates are rationalized, and GoN facilitates 

generation projects to private, further 

1500 MW is just waiting to start, having 

already applied for PPA. The remittances 

have provided the back-bone for our 

banks and the BFI can provide 225 

billion to hydro-power in total allowing 

15% of the total cash as of today. So the 

money will flow if confidence is built. 

Meanwhile, we can always explore 

piecemeal solutions from Solar and Wind. 

But developing private hydro with GoN 

covering the risks is the only solution. 

Storage project like West Seti 

(750MW) and Nalsyaugad (400MW) can 

be fast completed although BudhiGandaki 

(1200MW) will face many difficulties. It 

is foreseen that with completion of first 

cross-border 400kV in Dhalkebar next 

month and Upper Tamakoshi (456MW) 

in 2017, the massive load-shedding will 

be eliminated for good by 2017 winter. 

But unless the two Indian developer 

projects are allowed to complete (Arun 

III-900MW and Upper Karnali-900MW), 

or the remote alternative of connecting 

to Shigatse (Tibet) with about 600km 

by HV-DC line, the question of Indian 

embargo will hover and we will not be 

secure. 

If Government of Nepal is not 

willing to bet on Nepal's future, no one 

will. It has to provide guarantee to all spill 

energy from hydro-projects and expedite 

maximum of these projects, at optimum 

costs. The energy market is there - the 

South Asia is hungry for energy. Hydroenergy 

is the cheapest in the longterm, 

and it has multiple ripples on the 

economy. We are waiting for someone to 

drive our policies and institutions firmly, 

with the clear vision, and also be able 

to bring all people under his/her fold to 

cGgt=== 

o;/L l5d]ls d'n's ef/tn] tLg lt/ 

af6 3]/]sf] / pQ/lt/ rLgsf lxd>[vnfn] 

5]s]sf] e"kl/a]l:7t b]z g]kfnn] h'g O{Gwg 

;+s6 / phf{ cefjsf] ;d:of xfn} a]xf]g{ 

kof]{ Tof] km]/L gbf]xf]l/Pnf eGg ;lsb}g . 

cflv/ klxn] laqmd ;+jt @)$% tfsf 

klg of] ;d:of Psk6s d'n'sn] ef]lu;s] 

sf] s'/fsf] O{ltxf; ;fIfL 5 . elaiodf 

cfGtl/s jf afXo sf/0fn] km]/L klg of] 

;d:of gcfcf];\ eGgsf nflu b]zn] /fli6«o 

:t/df phf{sf ljleGg If]qx?nfO{ ;d]6]/ 

phf{ ;'/Iffsf nflu Plss[t lsl;dsf] 

lb3{sflng /0fgLlt agfO{ l56f] eGbf l56f] 

sfof{g\Gjog ug{' lgtfGt cfjZos b]lvG5 

. 

g]kfn hn>f]tdf ljZjdf bf]>f] 7"nf] 

b]z eP/ klg xfdLn] xfd|f] ;+efjgfx?nfO{ 

k|of]udf Nofpg ;s]sf 5}gf} . xfd|f] cl:y/ 

/fhgLlt / cfly{s cefjdf ;+efjgfx? 

v]/ u}/x]sf 5g\ . o:tf] a]nf /fHon] 

;+j]bglzn eP/ d'n'ssf] cfGtl/s >f]t 

follow the same. Not for long, just 5 years 

and the engine will rev-up thereon. 

Could the Non-resident Nepalese 

(NRN) play any role to help minimise 

existing load shedding in Nepal? 

Not much. You have to come to the 

battle-field, and fight it here as a soldier 

OR just pray for us there. For the sake of 

prayers, NRN down under can invest in 

Nepal's future. 

Corporate bonds for developing 

hydro-projects are quite safe for NRN if 

you believe in us. As long as the project 

gets COMPLETED, there will be no loss 

for the NRN Investors. So you just need 

to choose projects and the people who 

will complete it. Innovative Corporate 

bonds, floated by reliable entities like 

HIDCL, RBB, Clean Energy Bank etc, 

with investment in Dollar converted to 

Local currency with reasonable coupon 

rate and repatriable without hindrance on 

maturity by converting back to dollars. 

That will help Nepalese rupees get 

more acceptance. Remember that more 

than 50% of large projects get spent on 

imports on equipment and raw materials, 

which needs FOREX. If we seek 5000 

MW by 2025, we need that FOREX and 

NRNs can help there. 

We know nobody will throw his 

hard-earned money just for the country. 

These bonds equipped with clauses as 

pari passu, Negative pledges and crossdefault, 

change of control and pay-out 

restrictions etc can be made Water-tight 

for making you feel safe about your 

money. Well, else you can bring your 

guns and fight here! That is, bring your 

expertise and management skills and 

work here - companies like SMEC and 

Hydro Tasmania can help the industry 

here although SMEC has burnt its 

fingers in West Seti as a developer, but 

as engineering firms, finance experts, 

insurance wizards, management 

gurus, we need help. We need them in 

generation projects and we need them 

in end-use technologies as electrical 

mass-transport, industries etc. I know 

it is difficult to jump to the battlefield. 

But you cannot do much else from afar, 

except Pray AND put some of your 

money where your prayers go. 

Nepal ko Jaya Hos ! 

kl/rfngaf6 ;+ej geP /fli6«o 

lxtdf c;/ gkg]{ u/L cGt/f{li6«o 

nufgL;d]t leq\ofpg tof/ x'g' kb{5 . 

O{Gwg / ljB'tsf] cefjdf oltv]/ g]kfnL 

hgtfn] ef]u]sf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ xf] 

eg] cGt/f{li6«o sDkgLb]lv u}/cfjfl;o 

g]kfnLx?nfO{ nufgLsf] yk ;xh jftfj/0f 

agfP/ cfJxfg ug{ ;s]sf] v08df cem} 

klg phf{ pTkfbg x'g ;Sg] b]lvG5 . 

d'n'sleq h]hlt ;+efjgfx? /x]sf 5g\ 

ltgLx?sf] jf:tljs cj:yfsf] cg';Gwfg 

ug]{ / ePe/sf ;+efjgfnfO{ Jojxfl/s 

sfo{Gjog ug{ ;lsof] eg] g]kfnsf] d'xf/ 

km]g{ w]/} aif{ s'g'{ gknf{ . O{Gwg cefjnfO{ 

sd ug{] xf] eg] d'n's leqsf] hnljB't 

nufot j}slNks phf{nfO{ k|of]udf Nofpg 

klxnf] cfjZostf b]lvG5 . To;sf 

nflu d'n'sdf hf/L cl:y/ /fhgLlts 

jftfj/0f klg l:y/ x'g h?/L x'G5 . d'ntM 

/fhgLltn] ;lx af6f] lnPg eg] ;+efjgfx? 

klg s]jn kfgfx?df dfq ;Lldt x'g]5g\ . 

=

cfj/0f /fhgLlt 

ci6«]lnofdf u0ftGqsf] ax;M 

slxn] ;]nfp“b}, slxn] hufp“b} ∕ 

slxn] b]lv z'? ef] t u0ftGqsf] 

ax; 

e/t/fh kf}8]n 

ci6«]lnofnfO{ u0ftGq agfpg' 

k5{ eg]/ cleofg z'? ug]{x?n] 

bzsf}+ ax; u/] klg clxn];Dd 

o;n] hgdfg;df s'g} 7"nf] kl/jt{g 

Nofpg ;s]sf] 5}g . sGh/e]l6a kf6L{x?n] 

a]nfotL /fhtGqnfO{ ci6«]lnofsf] e"lddf 

l6sfO{ /fVg lgs} 7"nf] e"ldsf v]n]s} 

x'g\ . jt{dfg k|wfgdGqL dfNsd 6g{a'n 

cfkm" k|wfgdGqL gx'Gh]n;Dd lgs} v/f] 

u0ftGqafbL b]lvGy] t/ lhDd]af/ kbdf k'u] 

sf] s]xL ;dodf pgsf] af]nL klg s]xL 

km]l/Psf] 5 . cr]n logn] eGg yfn]sf 

5g\ ls clxn] ls dxf/fgL Plnhfa]ysf] 

zf;g /x];Dd u0ftGqsf] cfaZostf 5} 

g . x'g t ;g\ !((( df hgdt ;+u|x x'“bf 

klg u0ftGqsf] k|:tfj ;+;baf6 kfl/t x'g 

;s]sf] lyPg . t/ Tolt a]nf u0ftGqsf] 

xfjf lgs} rsf]{ 9+un] ax]sf] lyof] / kIf 

/ lakIfdf $% k|ltzt / %% k|ltztsf] 

kl/0ffdsf ;fy of] cleofg s]xL ;donfO{ 

yftL /xg k'u]sf] lyof] clxn] km]/L of] 

ax; lgs} rsf]{ ?kdf cfPsf] 5 . kl5Nnf 

lbgx?df laleGg /fHosf lk|ldo/ / lrkm 

ldlg:6/x?n] of] cleofgnfO{ ;xdlt hgfP 

klg klZrd ci6«]lnofsf lk|ldo/ sf]lng 

afg]{6n] eg] clxn] Tof] ;do gcfPsf] 

atfP . h] xf];\ clxn] klg ci6«]lnofnLx?sf] 

dgf]la1fgdf Tolt 7"nf] kl/jt{g cfO{;s]sf] 

5}g h;n] u0ftGq ci6«]lnofsf] cleofgnfO{ 

;fsf/ kf/f]; . 

Source: http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-01-26/malcolm-turnbullspeaks-at-an-australia-day-event-in-canberra/7115246 

;f7Lsf] bzstfsf d]nag{ 

o'lgel;{6Ldf l/klAnsg Sna v'n]sf] s'/f 

Ps hgf ci6«]lnofnL n]vs dfO{sn ;] 

S:6gn] uPsf] xKtf ‘lb ci6«]lnog’ df 

n]v]sf 5g\ . pgL klg Tof] a]nf l/klAnsg 

Snasf ;b:o /x]5g\ . Tof] z'?aftL lbg / 

pgsf u0ftGqafbL ;fyLx?n] of] cleofg 

;kmn x'g clxn];Dd g;ls/x]sf] s'/fsf] 

k|;“unfO{ sfnf] O{ltxf;sf] sfnvG8 klg 

eg]sf 5g\ . t/ ;]S:6gsf] bfaL cg';f/ 

Tof] a]nf lht glhs k'u]sf] of] cleofgn] 

xf/ vfg'df hgtf o;sf] lakIfdf ePsfn] 

geO{ Tof] a]nf u0ftGq rfxg]x?sf] aLrdf 

b]lvPsf] laafbdf b'O{ y/L larf/sf] 6s/ 

fanfO{ sf/0f dflgPsf] 5 . d"ntM obL 

ci6«]lnof u0ftGq eof] eg] ;+;baf6 

5flgPsf] jf kk'n/ ef]6af6 r'lgg] / 

fi6«ktL pko'Qm x'G5 eGg] laafbsf sf/0f 

emG8} lht glhs -$% k|ltzt_ k'u]sf] 

cleofgsf] bf“tdf 9'∙f nfUg k'Uof] . t/ 

of] cleofgnfO{ lgs} 7"nf] cleofgsf] ?kdf 

Nofpgsf nflu n]a/ kf6L{n] cf}krfl/s 

?kdf u0ftGqsf] k|:tj kf6L{ ;Dd]ngdf 

kfl/t u/] kl5 ult ldn]sf] b]lvG5 

. h;nfO{ s]xL k|efazfnL lna/n jf 

sGhe]l{\6en] ;fy lbPsf lyP . ;g\ !((! 

df ci6«]lnog l/klAnsg d'ed](ARM:)sf 

gfdn] ;+:yfut ?k lnof] . 

yf]d; s]nL, clxn]sf k|wfgdGqL dfNsd 

6g{a'n, lqms]6sf x:tL O{ofg rf]k]n, k|m]8 

l;lk;L, lhof]km Uofnf]kn] dnhn u/]sf] 

of] cleofgsf] clxn]sf] kl5Nnf] cfleoGtf 

rlr{t kqsf/ Pad sd]G6]6/ lk6/ 

lkmlH;df]g aGg k'u]sf 5g . ;g\ !((# 

df tTsflng k|wfgdGqL kf}n lsl6ªn] of] 

dfldnf x]g]{ ;G;lbo ;ldltg} agfP . h;n] 

!((( df hgdt ;+u|xsf] aftfj/0f tof/ 

kof]{ . t/ klg clxn] ;Dd of] cleofgsf] 

;f∙] ePsf] 5}g a? o;n] gof“ gof“ ax; 

hGdfPsf] eg] caZo 5 . 

kl5Nnf] rrf{ / cg';Gwfgsf 

kl/0ffd 

clxn];Dd ljZjdf emG8} cfg} 9+usf] 

/fhtGqfTds d'n's sl/a c9fO{ bh{g hlt 

xf]nfg\ eg] a]nfotL /fhtGqnfO{ dfGotf 

lbg] d'n's !^ hlt 5g\ . xfn} ci6«]lnog 

hg{n ckm kf]lnl6sn ;fOG;df 5flkPsf] 

Pp6f l/kf]6{sf cg';f/ k"j{ k|wfgdGqL 6f] 

gL Pa6n] eg] em}“ @) b]lv *) jif{;Ddsf 

ci6«]lnofnLx?sf] dgf]la1fgdf u0ftGqsf] 

kIfdf s]xL efagf ePklg a]nfotL dxf 

/fgL Plnhfa]ysf la?4 To:tf] s'g} tflTjs 

cfu|x k'af{u|x b]lv“b}g . t/ olt eGb}df 

u0ftGqsf] d'4f ;]nfof] eGg] xf]Og . s'g} 

a]nf tTsflng k|wfgdGqL ukm lJx6\nfdnfO{ 

Source: http://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2016/jan/25/state-and-territory-leaders-unite-to-call-for-republic 

x6fO{P kl5 n]a/ kf6L{n] u0ftGqsf] sNkgf 

ug{ yfn]sf] /x]5 . of] efagf AoQm ug]{ 

/]:kf]G8]G6sf] pd]/ ;d'x !@ b]lv !* sf 

a9L b]lvG5 . Tof] a]nfsf] /fhgLltsf] 

5fk kg]{ Pp6f ;d'x of] cleofgsf] clxn] 

;aeGbf rsf]{ lxdfoftL x'g k'u]sf] 5 . 

h:tf] pbfx/0fsf nflu lk6/ lkmlh;df] 

g . t/ clxn] u0ftGq x'g ;Dea 5}g 

eGg] cawf/0ffdf k'u]sf xfnsf k|wfgdGqL 

dfNsd 6g{a'n clxn] ;Qfdf ePsf sf/0f 

/ a]nfot;“usf] ;f“:s[lts ;DaGwdf ptf/ 

r9fa cfpg ;Sg] b]v]/ cln g/d ePsf 

x'g ;S5g . t/ klg !((* kl5 v:s] 

sf] of] hgdtn] aLraLrdf ult lnP 

klg ;g\ @)!# sf] Pp6f ;a]{If0fn] klg 

u0ftGqaflbx?sf] k|ltzt #$ af6 @^ df 

cf]/fnf] nfu]sf] b]vfp“5 t/ clxn] rf“xL 

eGg ;lsGg Tof] k|ltzt slt cf]/fnf] 

nfUof] jf sfod} 5 jf a9\of] eg]/ . 

h] xf];\ a]nfa]nfdf a]nfotL /fhtGqsf] 

ultlawL / b'O{ b]zsf] ;DaGw clg ljZj 

kl/l:ytL x]/]/ ci6«]lnofn] u0ftGqsf] kIf 

jf lakIfdf cfkm'nfO{ pEofpg ;Snf . 

ldl8ofdf cfPsf u0ftGq aGg 

rflxg] Go"gtd cfwf/ 

uPsf] aif{ cfgf afa'cfdf lk|G; 

ljlnoD; / lk|G;]; s]6 ;“u ci6«]lnof 

e|d0fdf cfPsf a]nfotL /fh3/fgfsf gftL 

lk|G; hh{sf] ;'Gb/ tl:a/ / a]nfotL 

/fgLsf] gftL kgftL k':tfsf] rds / 

caf]w cg'xf/ b]v]sf ci6«]lnofnLn] TolQs} 

cfgf] ;f“:s[lts w/f]x/ la?4 hfnfg eGg 

;lsGg . kmn:j?k kf]xf]/sf] Ps 

;a]{Ifgdf hh{sf] e|d0f kl5 PsfPs 

/fhtGq kIfw/x?sf] ;+Vof a9]sf] b]lvof] . 

of] dt lbuf] gxf]nf t/ klg kgftL hh{ 

w]/} So'6 gePsf] eP ci6«]lnofnLx? 

u0ftGqsf] s'/f uy]{ eg]/ /dfO{nf] ts{ ug]{ 

klg 5g\ . csf]{ ts{ dxf/fgL Plnha]ysf] 

lgwg geP;Dd u0ftGqsf] af/]df g}lts 

?kdf cfjfh p7fpg ;Sg] cj:yfdf ci6«] 

lnof 5}g . t];|f] sf/0f lk|G; lkmlnknfO{ 

gfO6x'8 ;Ddfg km]/L lbof] eg] a]nfotL 

/fhtGqsf] rfs8L eof] eg]/ /fhGqafbL 

l/;fpnfg\ . rf}yf] sf/0f sdgj]Ny 

u]dsf ;a} k|lt:k|wf{df ci6«]lnof k"0f{ ;Ifd 

x'“b} uof] eg] /fhtGqsf] jsfnt ug{ kb}{g 

eGg] xNsf ts{ ug]{ klg 5g\ oxf“ . clGtd 

ts{ rf“xL a}aflxs ;dfgtf / ;fdflhs 

k'/ftgafbsf] cGTosf] s'/fdf ;xof]u 

ePg eg] b]z u0ftGqdf hfG5 eGg]x?n] 

cl3 ;f/]sf 5g\ . cflv/ u0ftGq ;do 

kl/l:ytL / sdgj]Ny b]zsf ;/sf/x?sf] 

;DaGw;Fu klg uf“l;Psf] 5 . 

ca s] xf]nf t < 

;dosf] km]/f] ;+u} at{dfg k|wfgdGqL 

6g{a'n / lakIfL g]tfn] hlt ;'s} rsf]{ 

s'/f u/] klg afO{kfl6{;g /fhgLltsf] 

;+:sf/ km]/L ghGdfP;Dd u0ftGq jf 

/fhtGq ;lxtsf] ci6«]lnofsf] ax; ;fDo 

x'g] 5}g . ca rf“xL k|wfgdGqLn] eg] em}“ 

ls Plnhfa]ysf] ca;fgsf] ;do kv{g' 

kof]{ ls t leq leq} u0ftGqsf] ax;nfO{ 

;+oldt 9+un] cl3 a9fp“b} hfg kof]{ . h'g 

lbg d'n'sn] ;a}sf] efagfsf] sb/ ub}{ 

u0ftGqdf hf“bf gf]S;fgL x'“b}g eGg] lgSof{] 

n x'“b}g ta;Dd of] laifonfO{ yftL /fVg 

kg]{ x'G5 . kl/l:ytL kl/kSj x'“b} uPdf s'g} 

lbg u0ftGqfTds Joa:yf a]nfotL 

/fhftGqsf] 5q5fof“df /x]sf] of] ;'Gb/ 

b]zsf] cleGg /fhgLlts k|gfnL aGg 

;S5 . lsg ls ca ;+;f/df /fhtGqfTds 

Aoa:yfx? ;Lldt e"uf]ndf cl8Psf 5g\ . 

k|hftGqsf] ts{ ug]{n] /fhtGq / k|hftGq 

nfdf] ;do ;+u} hfg ;Sb}g eG5g t/ Tof] 

dfq klg xf]Og sltko b]zdf of] egfO{ 

cem} k|dfl0ft x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . To;}n] 

b]z, kl/l:ylt, e"uf]n, O{ltxf;, ;+:sf/ / 

;+:s[ltn] d'n'ssf] efUo 8f]/\ofp“g'sf ;fy} 

u0ftGq / /fhtGqsf] efUoklg To;}n] 

lgSof{]n ub5{ . = 


19

] 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

] 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

;Gbe{ 

k'gMlgdf{0fsf] uGtAo ljxLg 

dxf–cleofg ∕ 

ut a} zfv !@ df uPsf] 

dxfljgf;sf/L e"sDksf] b; 

dlxgfkl5 g] kfn ;/sf/n] 

cflwsfl/s ?kdf !* cf}+ e"sDk k|lt/Iff 

lbj;sf] cj;/ kf/] / æ!@ a} zfvdf u} xfNof] 

e"O{rfnf] , ;'/lIft k'g{lgdf{0fdf h'6\g] xfd|f] 

kfnf]Æ eGg]gf/fsf ;fy k'gMlgdf{0f dxf– 

cleofgsf] 3f] if0ff u¥of] . 

;/sf/L cleofgnfO{ ;fy lbb} + ljleGg 

;/sf/L tyf u} x|–;/sf/L ;+:yfn] klg 

cf} krfl/s ?kdf cf–cfkm\gf] k'gMlgdf{0f 

dxf–cleofg ;DjGwL ljljw sfo{qmdx¿ 

;+rfng u/] sf ;dfrf/x¿ ;~rf/ 

dfWodx¿jf6 k|;:t} k|;fl/t eP . 

o;};Gbe{df, uf]/vfkq b}lgsdf k|s[lt 

clwsf/Lsf]ægAa];fnsf ;fIfLÆ ;DjGwL 

lkmr/;dfrf/n]w]/}g]kfnLsf]Wofgfs[i6 

u¥of] . lj=;+= !(()sf] dxf–e"sDksf 

hLljt ;flIfx¿;+usf] enfs';f/Ljf6 tof/ 

kfl/Psf] pQm n] vjf6 jt{dfg ;/sf/, 

e"sDk k|flws/0f nufot ;/f] sf/jfnf 

;+:yfx¿sf] sfd sf/jflxx¿ / !(() 

;fndf hxf“lgof /f0ff–zf;s tyf jt{dfg 

nf] stflGqs u0ftflGqs ;/sf/x¿sf] 

sfo{z} lnnfO{ hf] sf] xL g] kfnLn] ;xh} t'ngf 

ug{ ;S5g\ . 

!(() sf] e'O{rfnf] hf“bf tTsflng >L 

# dxf/fh h'4 zdz]/t/fO{df lzsf/v]Ng 

k'u] sf lyP, e'sDksf] sDkg nuQ} pgL 

t'?Gt}sf7df8f}+ kmls{P . cfkm\gf]JolQmut 

;DklQ, vfGuL -tnj–eQf_ / /fHosf] ifjf6 

7"n} /sd /fv] / e"sDk p2f/ sf] if u7g 

u/L k'gMlgdf{0f sfo{ k|f/De ug{ cfb] z lbP, 

8f]/v6fP/:ynut ?kd}lg{JofhL C0f 

pknAw u/fP . rf/ jif{ leq} pkTosfsf 

;Dk"0f{ k'/fgf P] ltxfl;s d7–dlGb/, b] jfno, 

zx/ tyf jl:tx¿sf] k''g{lgdf{0f ul/ 

h'4–;8s :yfkgf u/fP/cfkm\gf]k|ltdf 

;d] t cgfj/0f u/] . k'gMlgdf{0fsf] rf/jif{ 

kl5 ;Dk0f{ e"sDk kLl8tnfO{ C0f ltg{ 

20 

ljZjfldq vgfn 

g;s]sf]cf/f]kdf 6'l8v]ndf e]nf u/fO{ C0f 

ldgfxfsf] 3f] if0ff ul/lbP“ . rf/ jif{sf] cjwL 

d} k'gMlgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg u/] , /fhwfgL 

nufot e"sDk k|efljt jl:tx¿sf] d'xf/ 

km]g{ h'4zdz]/;kmn eP . 

o;sf] 7Ls ljkl/t, @)&@ a} zfv !@ 

sf] e"sDk nuQ} g] kfnL hgtfnfO{ ;/sf/sf] 

cg'e"lt g} ePg, ;+rf/sf] cfw'lgs o'udf 

klg ljb] zdf /x] sf sfo{sf/L k|wfgdGqL tyf 

:jb]zdf /x]sf ;jf]{Rr /fi6«ktLsf]tk{mjf6 

s] xL ;Djf] wg ePg . l5d] sL d'n'sx¿n] 

e"sDk kLl8t g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ cf8e/f];sf 

;fy} ;xof] ux¿ k7fpg yfn] kl5 la:tf/} 

g]kfnL /fhgLlts g]t[Tjx¿ k6fIf]kaf6 

b] lvg yfn] . ;/sf/n] l9n} ePklg ;+;bsf] 

a} 7s jf] nfP/ e"sDk / To;sf] c;/nfO{ 

;Djf] wg ug{ /fhgLlts ;xdtLsf ;fy cl3 

j9\of] . ?kdf s] xL sfd cl3 j9] klg, ;f/df 

eg] e"sDk kl5sf] p2f/ / k'g{:yfkgfsf] 

sfo{ ;dfKtL ;+u} k'g{lgdf{0f sfo{n] eg] ult 

lng ;s] g . 

tTsflng ;/sf/sf s] xL dGqLx¿ 

tyf of] hgf cfof] usf] cys d] x] gtn] 

k'gMlgdf{0fsf nflu ljb] zL bftfx¿sf] 

;Dd] ng ;DkGg ul/ $)) cj{ ?k} of“ 



j/fj/sf]j}b]lzs ;xfotfsf]k|ltj4tf k|fKt 

u¥of] . t/, ;+;bn] u7g u/] sf] k'gMlgdf{0f 

k|flws/0fn] k"0f{tf kfPg . k'gMlgdf{0fdf 

/fhgLlts clei6 l5¥of] , k'gMlgdf{0fsf] 

sfdn] ult lng ;s] g . 

e"sDksf] gf} dlxgf kl5 kl/jlt{t 

jt{dfg ;/sf/n]k|flws/0f g]t[Tjsfnflu 

P]gsf]df}h'bf Joj:yfnfO{ j]jf:tf ub}{ 

cfkm\gf vf“6L /fhgLlts sfo{stf{sf] 

vf] hL ul/ k'gMlgdf{0f k|flws/0fsf] u7g 

u¥of] . k'gMlgdf{0f k|flws/0fsf cWoIf 

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hgtfn] kfpg] 5g\ . = 

bishwamitrakhanal@yahoo.com

रीसाईक्लिंग जतातततै 

गन्च सडकनछ! 

NEWS 

NEWS 

NEWS 

रीसाईकल गरनुका लामग आफररो घरकरो सबै 

करोठामा जाँर गरनु सम्झर्हरोस्। 

िाथरूम र लुगा िुनटे कोठामा प्रयोग हुनटे िटेरतै डिब्ाहरु 

पुनर्चक्रण गन्च सडकनछ। कटे कस्ालाई पुनर्चक्रण गन्च 

सडकनछ भन्नटे िारटे थाहा पाउनटे हाम्ो वटेिसाइट वा 

फटे सिुक पटेज हटेनु्चहोस्। 

NEWS 

रीसाईक्लिंग, 

गर्न सजिलो छ 

www.ashfield.nsw.gov.au 

/ashfieldcouncil 


21

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cfof]hgf ul/‘d]/f]:6'l8of]n]o;sf 

nIo / ;]jf ;DaGwL hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 

lyof]. kqsf/;Dd]ngdf d]/f]:6'l8of]sf 

k|jGw lgb]{zs lbKtL v8\sfn]u|fxsn] 

cgnfOgdfkm{t cfkm\gf] cfaZostf 

cg';f/c8{/ug]{ ;Sg]h;df u|fxsn] 

/f]h] cg'?k kmf]6f], kmf]6f]sf] 

cfsf/, k|m]dsf] k|sf/nfO{ 

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lk|G6 ul/ Ps xKtfleqdf 

u|fxssf] 7]ufgfdf kf]:6 

ug]{ Joj:yf ul/g]atfOg\ . @) b]lv @)) 

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/ g] kfnsf snfsf/x¿nfO{ kmf] 6f] sf] /f] oN6L 

klg k|bfg ug] { sDkgLsf Aoj:yfks lty{ 

cfrfo{n]atfP . yk hfgsf/L :6'l8of]sf] 

j] e;fO6 www.merostudio.com.au af6 

k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] 5 . 

snf ;+:s[ltsf] wdfsf 

gfO6 @)!^ 

du/ ;dfhsf] df3] ;qmflGt d]nf ;DkGg 

du/;+:s[lt /k/Dk/fsf]hu]gf{sf] 

nflu ci6«] lnofdf u7g ul/Psf] du/ ;dfh 

ci6«] lnofn] lautsf aif{x¿df h:t} o;aif{ 

klg df3] ;qmflGt d] nf @)!^ ;DkGg u/] sf] 

5 . ut hgj/L @# tfl/v zlgaf/sf lbg 

l;8\gL Dofl/slenl:yt dfxf]gL l/ha{ v]n 

d} bfgdf laxfg !) ah] b] vL ;f“em & ah] ;Dd 

rn]sf]pQm sfo{qmddf l;8\gLsf clwsf+z 

;dfh;] la, kqsf/ / du/ aGw'x¿sf] afSnf] pkl:ylt lyof] . 

;f] lx cj;/df k|yd nvg sk v'Nnf elnan k|ltof] lutf cfof] hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . 

afUn'u+ ci6«] lnog sDo'lgl6, gof, kf] v/f ;dfh, DofUbL ;] jf ;ldtL, ysfnL ;dfh / du/ 

;dfh u/L ^ l6d ;xefuL pQm k|ltof] lutfdf kf] v/f ;dfh k|yd / DofUbL ;] jf ;ldtL bf] ;|f] 

ePsf lyP . k/Dk/fut lnulnu bf}8df ;xefuL !* wfasnfO{ kl5 kfb}{ laa]s k|tfk kGt 

k|yd eP . 

sfo{qmddf ufos uf}k'hf{n] ;fn}hf];fy}g]kfndf df]8lnu+ tyf ufogdf nfdf];do latfPsf 

g/]z /]UdL /s'GtL lnDa'n] cfkm\gf uLtx¿ ufPsf lyP . /3' h'Uhflnn] ;f“:s[lts ;+of] hg u/]sf] 

sfo{qmddf k/Dk/fut g]kfnL vfgfsf kl/sf/e]ife"iff k|b{zg, ;f“:s[lts uLt tyf g[To, /fkmn l6s6 

;fy}afnaRrfx¿sf]nflu dgf]/Ghgsf ;fwgx¿ klg /flvPsf]lyof]. gljg /fgfsf]cWoIftfdf 

;DkGg ;f]sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly g] kfn cflbaf;L hghflt d~rdf cWoIf lrq lnDa' /x]sf lyP . 

kl5Nnf] ;do ci6«]lnofdf x'g] x/]s sfo{qmdx? dgf]/Ghg;“u} k/f]ksf/L klg x'g] 

u/]sf 5g\ . k|af;df /x]sf g]kflnx? cfgf] hGde"dL k|ltsf] st{Aoaf]w dgg u/]/ 

oxf“ x'g] sfo{qmdsf] cfDbfgLaf6 s]lx /sd 5'§fP/ g]kfndf ;dfh;]jf ug]{ u5{g\ . 

o;} qmddf g]kfnL snf / ;+:s[ltnfO{ hu]gf{ ug]{ p2]Zo;fy :yfkgf ul/Psf] 

g]kfnL snf ;+:s[lt tyf ;flxTo k|lti7fg ci6«]lnofn] wdfsf gfO{6 @)!^ cfof]hgf 

ug]{ ePsf] 5 . oxL k|m]jcf]/L @) tfl/vsf lbg xif{lensf] d/gf cl86l/od xndf 

;fem ^ ah]af6 sfo{qmd ;'? x'“b} 5 . sfo{qmdsf] nfuL g]kfnaf6 cfw'lgs kk ufos 

afbn k|;fO{ / uflosf k|fZgf zfSo ci6«]lnof cfp+b} x'g'x'G5 . 

sfo{qmd k'0f{ k/f]ksf/L /x]sf] / Toxf“af6 ;+slnt /sd g]kfndf b[lZ6lalxg 

afnaflnsfsf] lzIff ;'b[l9s/0fdf vr{ ul/g] ;+:yfsL cWoIf ;'htf s];Ln] g]kfnL 

6fO{D; ci6«]lnof;+usf] s'/fsfgLdf atfpg' eof] . æxfd|f] ;+:yfn] ci6«]lnofdf g]kfnL 

snf / ;+:s[ltnfO{ k|a2{g ug{sf] lglDt afWw afbg ;fdu|L vl/b ;fy} ;+lutsf 

sIffx? ;+rfng ug{sf] nflu klg s]lx /sd 5'6\ofpg] 5Æ pxf+n] yKg' eof] . 

sfo{qmdsf] d'Vo k|fof]hg sdgj]Ny a}+s ci6«]lnofn] u/]sf] 5 eg] af“sL ;xof]lu / 

k|fof]hsx? l5§} ;fa{hlgs ul/g] cfof]hsn] atfPsf 5g . sfo{qmaf/] yk hfgsf/L / 

l6s6sf] nflu ;'htf s];LnfO{ )$)!$@#$#! df ;Dks{ ug{ ;lsg]5 . 


23


z}n]zsf] ;f+uLlts sf];]nL 

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s0f{lk|o ‘ltdL lx8\g] af6f] e/L’ af]nsf] 

uLt lnP/ ;+uLtsf] ltvf{ d]6\b} 5g\ 

z}n]z zdf{ . ci6«]lnofnfO{ sd{e"ld 

agfPsf zdf{sf] o; k|]d / /f]dfG;n] 

el/Psf] uLt xfn} Do'lhs lel8of]sf] 

?kdf ;d]t ahf/df cfO;s]sf] 5 . 

lazfn e08f/Lsf] lgb]{zgdf ag]sf] pQm 

Do'lhs lel8of]df rlr{t df]8]nx? jiff{ 

/fpt / lg/fhg k|wfgn] clego u/]sf 

5g\ . ljb]zdf /x]/ klg g]kfnL uLt 

;+uLtnfO{ dfof ug]{, ;do ldn] / cj;/ 

h'/];Dd g]kfnL ;+uLtsf nflu s]lx 

ug{ ;+w} tof/ ufos zdf{ g]kfnL uLt 

;+uLtnfO{ ;w} dfof ug{ cg'/f]w ;d]t 

u5{g\ . 

St George Nepalese Club 

(SGNC) Kids the rising stars 

Ohm Bhandari 

From within the dark pits of 

anguish and sorrow, there arose 

a team of elite players, destined 

to change the world. They were 

the SGNC kids….. 

SGNC was the force to be reckoned 

with, the frontline of attack and the brick 

wall of defence, proposed by none other 

Aayush Poudel, Nirbhaya Thapa, Bikal 

Shrestha, Srijak Koirala, Sayal Koirala, 

Agrim Gurung, Ashutosh Godhar, Ansh 

Khadka, Neon Khanal and our brick wall 

Bidhan Gurung, the new Manuel Neuer. 

Our first Tournament was rough but 

we got there. We advanced to the final 

winning with a close score of 2-0. The 

training of UD Gurung had payed of and 

now our team had finally united. 

Hoping to continue on the 

extraordinary performance we are 

aiming high for our next tournament. 

We are being led by an older league of 

players who have destroyed other puny 

teams and shattered their hearts, but it 

emfkfnL ;dfhsf] qm'h kf6L{ ;DkGg 

g]kfnsf] emfkf lhNnfaf6 l;8\gLdf a;f]af; ug]{ g]kfnLx?aLr u7g eO{ ljljw 

;fdflhs / k/f]ksf/L sfo{df ;lqmo emfkfnL ;dfh ci6«]lnofn] gof“ jif{{ @)!^ sf] 

ca;/ kf/]/ qm'h kf6L{ ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . l;8\gLsf] xa{/df sl/a rf/ 306f zo/ 

u/]sf] pQm qm'h kf6L{dfdf sl/a # ;o %) g]kfnLx?n] ;xeflutf hgfPsf] ;+:yfsf 

cWoIf lbks vgfnn] atfP . pgsf cg';f/ of] qm'h kf6L{af6 art x'g] /sd 

g]kfnsf laleGg ;/sf/L :s'nsf] :t/f]Ggltsf nflu laleGg ?kdf ;xof]u ul/g] 

atfO{Psf] 5 . h;sf nflu :ynut cWoog ul/ !) j6f laBfno 5gf]6 ul/;lsPsf] 

hfgsf/L sfo{qmddf lbP . o; cufl8 klg ;dfhn] ljljw k/f]ksf/L kl/of]hgf / 

xfn} %) nfvsf] 

cIfosf]ifsf] :yfkgf ug{ 

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ci6«]lnofdf /Qmbfg 

sfo{qmd ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . 

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kf]v/]nn] cfgf] ufp“ 

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efOrf/f dha't ug{ 

sfo{qmdx? ub}{ cfPsf] 

atfP . 

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g]kfnL uLt ;+uLtsf kf/vLx¿sf 

nflu rlr{t ufos /fh]z s];Lsf] 

;'dw'/ :j/df /x]sf] kk uLtsf] 

lel8of];fj{hlgs ePsf]5 . 

æltldaf6 6f9f x'“bfÆ af]nsf] 

uLtsf]lel8of]o'6\o'adfkm{t 

;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] xf] . 

Pp6f /fd|f] ufos x'g] /x/ x'“bf 

x'“b} klg lab]l;g' k/]sf ufos 

xfn ci6«]lnofdf /xb}5g\ . 

t/ci6«]lnofdf /x“bf klg plg 

ljleGg ;d'bfox¿n]ug]{ sfo{qmddf cfgf]ufog snfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lb+b}cfPsf 5g\ . 

pgn]k};fsf]nflu eGbf klg cfgf]gfdsf]uLt ufpg]u/]sf]atfP . o;}ul/bz{s 

>f]tfx¿sf];fy kfO{/x]Ps lbg ca:o ;kmn x'g]s'/f atfp“5g\ . 

lel8of]df kpn zfx /clnzf /fO{sf]hf]8bf/clego b]Vg kfOG5 . lbn tfdf∙sf] 

lgs}pTs[i6 dg 5'g]zAb /x]sf]pQm uLtdf ;+uLt klg tfdf∙ s}/x]sf]5 . cg'k 

lul/sf]lgb]{zg /x]sf]pQm lel8of]sf];Dkfbg lul/n]g}u/]sf 5g\ . lel8cf]sf] 

5fof+sg 1fg]Gb| zdf{n]u/]sf x'g . lel8of]nfO{ Pl;og Do'lhsn]ahf/df NofPsf]xf]. 

than Lionel Messi himself. Stars cannot 

be made, they are born and on April, 

2015… 

The world witnessed the beginning 

of power. Of resilience. Of football. 

We were the chosen 20, the St. 

George Nepalese Club. 

Lead to glory by the coach UD 

Gurung, we stand proud and strong, the 

bringer of light into a world concealed 

in immeasurable darkness. We brought 

to this land, the might of football and 

together, we strive towards success. 

The 23 elite registered players 

are, Nawang Sherpa, Aryan Pokharel, 

Sambhav Gurung, Aditya Thapa, 

Abesh Dangol, Samman Gurung, 

Trizan Gurung, Sameer Gurung, Suyog 

Bogati, Ohm Bhandari, Marvin Gurung, 

Nawasin Subba, Sidhant Tuladhar, 

is not over. It is just the beginning of so 

much more. 

We were encouraged by the SGNC 

Senior Teams in many tournaments 

as they have played in NAWS, GNC, 

BUDDHA CUP and many other similar 

tournaments. 

Each Saturday, we chuck on our 

gear and put on a shirt for another day 

of intense training by our systematic and 

fierce coach. We dribble with excellence 

and pass with skill and shoot with pride. 

Always one step closer to our next 

tournament victory. After almost a year 

of hard training our bodies are growing 

into steel. 

We welcome any other excited 

children to join our evolving club to 

have fun and make new friends. = 

l;8\gLdf piff / wg/fhsf sljtf 

;ftfsf] ;flxTo 86sdsf] cfof]hgfdf l;8\gLdf sljoqL piff z]/rg / slj wg/fh 

lu/Lsf] sljtf jfrg sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;flxTo k|]dL g]kfnLx?sf] afSnf] ;d'bfosf] 

pkl:ylt /x]sf] pQm sfo{qmddf >i6fx¿n] aLraLrdf d'Qms / uhn ld;fP/ sfo{qmdnfO{ 

emg} /f]rs agfPsf lyP . ;ftfsf] ;flxTo 86 sdsf ;Dkfbs lgik|e ;hLn] pkl:ylt ;a}nfO{ 

:jfut ub}{ ;ftfsf] ;flxTon] cfp“bf lbgx¿df klg ;flxTosf/x¿nfO{ o;/L g} sfJojfrgsf 

nflu cfdGq0f ul/g] hfgsf/L lbP . k/b]zdf g]kfnL ;d'bfoaLr g]kfnL efiff / ;flxTodf 

s]lGb|t /x]/ sfo{qmd ul/of] eg] gof“ k':tf klg xfd|f] efiff / ;flxTolt/ la:tf/} cfslif{t x'“b} 

hfg] ;Defjgf ePsf] ;hLsf] 7DofO lyof] . sljtf 

jfrg sfo{qmddf piff z]/rgn] jfrg u/]sf] sljtf 

‘xfdLn] jL/ uf]vf{nL eg]/ gfd sdfPsf 5f}“’ nfO{ 

bf]xf]of{P/ jfrg ug{ nufOPsf] lyof] . b'j} >i6fsf 

/rgfx¿ b]z / k/b]zdf uf“l;Psf hLjgsf s7f]/ 

cg'e"ltx¿nfO{ cleJoQm ug{ ;Ifd lyP . sljx¿nfO{ 

cu|h ;flxTsf/ s]bf/ kf]v/]n / ;dfh;]jL OGb|f 

jgn] vfbf cf]9fP/ :jfut u/]sf lyP . 

24 




cljefasx?sf] jgef]h tyf 

cGtlqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg 

Pgcf/PgP ci6«]lnof, Go" ;fpy j]N; /fHo ;ldtLsf] cfof]hgfdf cfof]lht 

cljefasx?sf] jgef]h tyf cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg Pp6f P]ltlxl;s ¿kdf 

;DkGg ePsf] 5 . oxL hgj/L #) zlgaf/sf lbg l;8\gL b]vL s/La &) lsnf] 

ld6/ b"/Ldf /x]sf] s6fO{ g]zgn kfs{df cfof]lht pQm sfo{qmd g]kfnaf6 kfl/ 

jfl/s e]63f6df cfO{ l;8\gLdf /xg' ePsf cljefasx?sf] pNn]Vo pkl:ytL lyof] 

. o; sfo{qmddf Pgcf/PgP tyf dlxnf kmf]/d, gf/L lgs'~hsf :jod;]jLx? tyf 

laleGg ;fd'bflos ;+3÷;+:yfsf ;b:ox? u/L s/La ^)) sf] ;+Vofdf pkl:ytL lyof] 

. cljefjsx?sf] o; a[xt hd36df ci6«]lnofdf g]kfnLx?sf] d]l8sn tyf 8]06n 

;+3 -cfD8f_ sf tkm{af6 8fS6/ e'jg s+8]nsf] g]t[Tjdf v6]sf] lrlsTzsx?sf] 6f] 

nLn] n] k|/lDes :jf:Yo hf“rsf] Aoa:yf klg u/]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf 8f= e'jg 

s+8]n, zzL /fO{, Pgcf/PgP cWoIf ;'/]Gb| l;Ub]n, cleejssf tkm{af6 uLtf /]UdLn] 

laz]if u/L cfkm\gg 5f]/f÷a'xf/L tyf 5f]/L Hjf“O{, gftL÷gfltgfx?nfO{ e]6\g cfpg' 

ePsf cljefjsx? ci6«]lnofdf ;'vL / v'zL /xg cfkm\gf] :jf:Yosf] Vofn /fVg' kg] 

{, :jf:Yo ladf ug{' kg]{ h:tf s'/fdf k|sfz k/]sf lyP . sfo{qmdsf] ;dfkgdf af]Nb} 

Pgcf/ PgP ci6«]lnofsf pkfWoIf tyf Pgcf/PgP, PgP;8An' ;+of]hs lbg]z kf]v/] 

nn] cfp“bf lbgx?df cljefjsx?sf nflu c? cfsif{s sfo{qmdx? ub}{ hfg] s'/fsf] 

hfgsf/L lbP . cleefjs jgef]h tyf cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdsf] ;+of]hg Pgcf/PgP, 

P;l;l; Go" ;fpy j]N; ;b:o s[i0f lg/f}nf u/]sf lyP eg] cf}krfl/s sfo{qmdsf] 

;+rfng ;lra e"kfn l;6f}nfn] u/]sf lyP . 

ci6«]lnofAofkL æjfs km/ j]nkm]o/Æ x'b} 

g]kfnL laBfyL{x?sf] nflu ci6«]lnof Pp6f cfsif{s uGtAo aGb} uPsf] kl/k|]Iodf 

g]kfnaf6 pRr lzIffdf cWoog ug{ cfpg] ljBfyL{x¿sf] ;+Vof a9\bf] 5 . ;+Vof a9\b} 

ubf{ ;d:of klg To:t} cg'kftdf a9\b} hfg' :jefljs /x]sf] s'/fnfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ Pg 

cf/PgP ci6«]lnofn] laBfyL{ sNof0fsf/L sf]ifsf] :yfkgf u/]sf] 5 . cfp“bf] ! aif{ leq 

sl/a ! nfv ci6«]lnog 8n/sf] sNof0fsf/L sf]ifsf] ;+of]hssf] ¿kdf cf]l;ofgf 

;+of]hs dx]Gb| nD;fnnfO{ lhDdf lbPsf] 5 . o:tf] ax' k|ltlIft / cTofjZolso sf]if 

df p2]Zo cg'¿ksf] /sd ;+sngsf] nflu cfufdL dfr{, clk|n / d] dlxgfdf ci6«] 

lnof sf] k|foM ;a} zx/x? df æjfs km/ j]nkm]o/Æ Oe]G6sf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 

. nfdf] ;do;Dd Pgcf/PgP cleofgdf nfdf] ;do;Dd sfd u/]sf] cg'ej a6'n] 

sf o'jf ;ldd cgj/nfO{ ‘jfs km/ j]nkm]o/’ Oe]G6sf] ;+of]hssf] e"ldsf Pgcf/ 

PgP ci6«]lnofn] lbPsf] 5 . ;+of]hs cgj/sf cg';f/ sDtLdf Ps xhf/ hgfnfO{ of] 

sfo{ qmddf k|ToIf efu lng k|]l/t ul/g] 5 . o;sf ;fy} of] Pp6f d]uf Oe]G6g} ePsf] 

n] k|fof]hsx? klg :jt km"t{ ¿kdf ;xof]usf nflu xft a9fpg] b]lvG5 . of] sfo{qmd 

Aofks ¿kdf ;kmn agfpgsf nflu xfn;Dd ci6«]lnofsf kf“r d'Vo zx/x?df ‘jfs 

km/ j]nkm]o/’ sfo{qmdsf] ldtL / :yfg to eO{;s]sf] / af“sL /fHox?df klg l5§} g} 

sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/g] 5 . h; cg';f/ l;8\gLdf dfr{ !(, d]nag{df !& clk|n, 

la|;j]gdf @ clk|n, Pl8n]8df / ky{df ( clk|ndf x'g] lglZrt ul/Psf] 5 . ljBfyL{ 

sNof0fsf/L sf]ifsf] nflu cfof]hgf ul/Psf] ‘jfs km/ j]nkm]o/’ ;lsP nuQ} ck"u 

/sdsf] nflu csf]{ r/0fsf] sfo{qmd NofP/ nlIft /sd Ps aif{ leq} k'of{pg] s'/f 

ljBfyL{ sNof0fsf/L sf]ifsf ;+of]hs dx]Gb| nD;fnn] ‘b g]kfnL 6fO{D;’nfO{ atfP . 

g]kfnL ;+3Lo ;dfh 

ci6«]lnof ;Ddflgt 

ax';f“:s[lts 

;dfhsf] k|aw{g / 

lasf;df pTs[i6 sfo{ 

u/]sf]df g]kfnL ;+3Lo 

;dfh ci6«]lnofnfO{ 

sDo'lg6L cfjf8{ @)!^ 

af6 ;Ddflgt ul/Psf] 

5 . l;6L ckm SofG6j/L 

sfpG;Lnn] ut hgj/L 

@^ df cfof]lht Ps 

sfo{qmddf gu/ k|d'v 

6lg a|'sn] ;dfhnfO{ 

;Ddflgt u/]sf lyP . 

pQm ;Ddfg -cjf8{_ g]kfnL ;+3Lo ;dfh ci6«]lnofsf] tkm{af6 cWoIf u0f]z tdf∙ 

tyf ;b:o clgn a:g]tn] u|x0f u/]sf lyP . g]kfnL ;+3Lo ;dfh ci6«]lnofn] 

lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ o;/L ;Ddfg k|fKt u/]sf]df g]kfnL ;+3Lo ;dfh kmf]/dn] 

ci6«]lnog ;/sf/ / hgtfk|lt xflb{s wGojfb 1fkg u/]sf] 5 . 


25

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cldt >]i7 sf] ‘b kmN6’ 

cldt >]i7, hf] ci6«]lnofdf kl/lrt gfd xf] . pgL sl/a !) jif{b]lv kmfOgfG; / Psfp06]gsf] ¿kdf kl/lrt 5g\ . ut a}zfv !@ sf] 

dxfe"sDknfO{ cfkm\g} cf“vfn] b]v]sf cldt, To;k5Lsf 36gf / kl/36gfx¿nfO{ Pp6f lstfa dfkm{t lnlka4 gul/ pgsf] dgn] 

dfg]g . dxfe"sDk kZrft g]kfnLx¿n] ef]Ug' k/]sf] dfgjLo ;+s6\sf 38Ldf kLl8tx¿sf] dfgl;s / zfl/l/s kL8f, /fli6«o cGt//fli6«o 

;d'bfox¿af6 g]kfnn] kfPsf] ;xof]u, ;dy{g / ;fxfg'e"ltnfO{ qmda4 lrlqt ul/Psf] o; b kmN6 k':tssf n]vs cldt >]i7;“u b 

g]kfnL 6fOD;sf k|sfzs dx]Gb| nD;fnn] ug'{ePsf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;+lIfKt c+z . 

tkfO{+sf] xfn} df ahf/df cfpg 

nfu] sf] k':ts The Fault 

s:tf] k':ts xf] < 

The Fault ;To 36\gfx¿df 

cfwl/t sfNklgs pkGof; 

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dxfe"sDksf] syf xf] The fault . 

dxfe"sDksf] ;dodf d g] kfndf 

g}lyP“, d]/f]cufl8 w/x/f 

u/NofDd n8\of]e"sDksf]klxnf] 

em6\sfdf g} . d c? dflg;x¿sf] 

le8;“u}bf}8+]6'l8v]nlt/Hofg 

arfpg . dxfe"sDkaf6 k"/f 

d'n's g} :tAw /xof] , hxf“txL 

qf; dfq b] lvGYof] . of] cGof] n / 

qf;sf] aftfj/0fdf g s'g} alnof] 

g]t[Tjsf]e/f];f g}lyof]g e"sDk 

/f] lsg] s'g} nIf0f g} lyof] . 

e"sDkn]t stL hgwg Iflt 

uof] { g} t/ To;kl5sf] ;do cem} 

ufxf] { eof] . la:yflkt dflg;x¿ 

sf] Aoj:yfkgf x'g ;s] g, 

/fli6«o g]t[Tjsf]nfrf/L nfHnfUbf]9+uaf6 

gfl∙of]. cGt//fli6«o /fxtn]Pc/kf]6{sf] 

uf] bfd el/of] t/ Tof] cfjZos 7fp“x¿df 

slxn] k'Ug kfPg . of] nfrf/Lsf] kmfO{bf 

p7fpg] x¿n] /fd|f] ;“u kmfO{bfklg p7fP . 

/fHosf] sdhf] /L :ki6 ¿kdf ;an] b] v] . 

clg cgf} 7f] ¿kdf ;fdflhs Pstfsf pQd 

pbfx/0fx¿klg b] Vg kfOof] . log} b'Mv, 

qf;, Pstf, km'6, ;dy{g, wf] sfsf] sxfgL 

xf] The Fault= 

pkGof;sf] gfd The Fault lsg /fVg' 

eof] < 

The Fault n] bf] xf] /f] cy{ k|bfg ub5{ . 

Ps t e"sDksf] Fault Line nfO{ pl3|t u5{ 

eg] csf] { rf“xL dfgj cfr/0fsf q'6Lx¿nfO{ 

c+lst u5{ . 

pkGof; lsg c+u|] hLdf n] Vg] ;f] Rg' 

eof] < 

The Fault dfq qf; / ljj;tfsf] 

sxfgL xf] Og . qf; / ljj;tf, ef] s / 

nfrf/L o;sf cªx¿ x'g h'glagf xfd|f] 

cj:yfnfO{ Gofo ug{ ;ls+b} g . t/ qfz 

/ nfrf/Lsf ;fy;fy} of] sxfgL dfgj 

;dfhsf] df} lns cy{sf] xf] . cfTdlaZjf; 

/g]t[Tjsf], ;fdflhs P]Soa4tfsf]sxfgL 

klg xf] of] . /fli6«o lakb / nfrf/Lsf] 

;dodf klg s;/L dflg;x¿ Ps eP/ 

c?sf]cfTdlaZjf; aGg ;S5g\, ljWj+l;t 

;dfhsf] k'gMlgdf{0f s;/L ug{ ;S5g, log} 

xfd|f df} lns syfx¿ ;d] l6Psf] n] d} n] ;f] r] 

26 

of] xfd|f] cfTdlaZjf;sf] syf ;a} n] yfxf 

kfpg' k5{ . To;} n] c+u|] hLdf g} n] Vg] lg0f{o 

u/] + . 

c+u|] hLdf ;flxTo n] Vbf s:tf sl7gfO{x¿ 

/x] < 

c+u|] hLdf pkGof; n] Vbf sl7gfO{x¿ w] /} 

g} /x] . x'g t d The Kathmandu Post / 

The Himlayan Times df n] vx¿ n] Vy] , 

t/ #)) k] hsf] pkGof; n] Vg', e"sDkaf6 

kLl8tx¿sf]jf:tljstffsf]Gofo ug{', 

kfqx¿sf] emotions x¿nfO{ ;d] 6\g', 

kfqx¿sf] hLjg lhpg' / To;nfO{ c+u|] hLdf 

n] Vg' ;xh rf“xL lyPg . d} n] s] xL k] h 

n] lv;s] kl5 ;fyLx¿nfO{ b] vfP“, pxf“x¿n] 

dnfO{ ;f] r] eGbf /fd|f] l6Kk0fL lbg' eof] , 

k|f] T;flxt ug{' eof] clg km] /L ofqf To;/Lg} 

;'? eof] . k':tssf] manuscript USA 

sf] reviewer nfO{ k7fP“ pxf“n] klg d] /f] 

pkGof;sf] w] /} /fd|f] l/Eo' lbg' eof] . ofqf 

sl7g lyof] c+u|] hLdf situations describe 

ug{, dialogues x¿ n]Vg clg kfqx¿nfO{ 

la:tf/} p7fpg t/ cGTodf ;a struggle 

sf] /fd|f] kmn cfof] . 

z} nLsf cfwf/df The Fault s:tf] 

pkGof; xf] < 

z} nLsf cfwf/df k|sfzsx¿n] The 

Fault nfO{ Thriller z} nLdf alu{s/0f 

u/] sf 5g\ . e"sDksf] cft+snfO{ x'ax' 

b] vfpg] k|oTg u/] sf] 5', 3/x¿ 9Nb} u/] sf] , 

dflg;x¿ lslrP/ d/] sf] tyf dflg; 



dflg;aLrdf åGbsf 7fp“x¿ klg /x] sf] n] 

o;nfO{ Thriller z} nLdf alu{s/0f ul/Psf] 

5 . 

tkfO{+sf] pkGof; sxf“af6 k|sflzt x'“b} 5 

/ slxn] k9\g kfO{G5 < 

pkGof; USA af6 k|sfzg x'“b} 5 . 

Hay House eGg] k|sfzg sDkgLn] of] 

pkGof; k|sflzt ug] { ePsf] 5 . The 

Fault USA df k|sflzt ePklg To;};do 

;jf{lws ljZj ahf/df pknAw x'g] 5 . 

k]k/Aofs, xf8{ se//digital kmf] d{df 

pKnAw x'g] 5 . pkGof; km] a|'c/Lsf] cGTodf 

ahf/df Nofpg] ;Nnfx ePsf] 5 . 

dxfe"sDksf] ;dodf g] kfn s] 

l;nl;nfdf hfg'ePsf] lyof] < 

Tof] ;do g] kfn hfg' kg] { ljljb 

sf/0fx¿ lyof] . lt dWo] Pp6f sf/0f rf“xL 

g] kfnsf a} +sx¿df nufot y'k|} skf] {/] 6 

If] qdf Leadership Training lbg] cj;/ 

ldn] sf] lyof] . e"sDksf] ;dodf rf““xL 

Global IME a} +sdf Senior Executives 

x¿nfO{ Leadership Challanges ;DaGwL 

Trraining lbO/x] sf] lyP“ eg] csf] 

lbg Sipradi Traders df Training sf] 

cfof] hgfdf Ao:t lyP . 

xfndf s] ub} { x'g'x'G5 < 

xfndf d csf] { lstfasf] k|f] h] S6df 

h'6] sf] 5' . d] /f] csf] { lstfa rf“xL dfgj 

dgf] la1fgsf] If] qdf cfwl/t 5 . of] cfufdL 

k':ts klg o;} aif{ ahf/df 

Nofpg k|oTglzn 5' . 

cfufdL k':tssf] af/] df yf] /} 

dfqf elglbg' x'G5 ls < 

vf; u/] / xfdLn] xfd|f] 

dgf]la1fg, hLjg g]t[Tj / 

;kmntfsf] af/] df w] /} k':tsx¿ 

k9] sf g} 5f} + t/ jf:tjdf eGg' 

kbf{ lt k':tsx¿df kl9Psf 

1fgx¿nfO{ hLjgdf ptfg{ ;s] sf 

rf“xL x'“b} gf} . To;sf] ;fy;fy} xfd|f] 

hLjgsf] ;'?jftb] lv g} ;kmntf, 

v';L, pGgtL, g]t[Tjsf]af/]df 

;dfh, kl/jf/, lzIfs, ldl8of 

cflbaf6 xfd|f] lbdfudf Ps 

k|sf/sf] n] an nfu] sf] x'G5 . oL 

n] jnx¿ g} la:tf/} xfd|f alnof 

dfGotfx¿ aGg k'u]sf x'G5g\ . oL 

dfGotfx¿nfO{ limiting beliefs 

elgG5 . cgL xfd|f] hLjgsf x/] s 

lg0f{ox¿ log} limiting beliefs 

sf]cfwf/v8f ePsf x'G5g\ . of]cfufdL 

k':tssf] dfwodaf6 oL limiting beliefs 

sf af/] df ulx/f] ¿kdf 5nkmn ug] { k|of; 

u/] sf] 5' . d] /f] cfufdL k':tsdf c? 

k':tsx¿ h:tf] OGkmd] {;g dfq lbg] k|of; 

u/] sf] 5} g, :jtGqtfsf] k|Tofe't ug] { k|oTg 

klg u/] sf] 5' . 

tkfO{ cf“km} n] vs x'g'x'G5, s:tf 

lstfax¿ k9\g ?rfpg' x'G5 < 

d] /f] klxnf] lstfa g} sfNklgs 

;flxTo ePklg d} n] w] /} sfNklgs ;flxTo 

/ pkGof;x¿ k9] sf] 5} g . d k|] /0ffbfoL 

lstfax¿ k9\g ?rfp“5' . John Maxwell 

sf lstfax¿ d} n] w] /} h;f] bf] xf] /fP/ 

k9] sf] 5' . laho s'df/sf] v';L dnfO{ dg 

k/] sf] lstfa xf] . Malcolm Gladwell 

sf] The Tipping Point / The outlier, 

John Maxwell sf] 21 Irrefutable Laws 

of Leadership, Brene Brown sf] Daring 

Greatly dnfO{ w] /} dg k/] sf lstfax¿ 

x'g\ . 

kf7sx¿nfO{ cGTodf s]eGg rfxg' 

x'G5 < 

d ;a} cfb/0fLo g] kfnL ;fyLx¿nfO{ 

xfdLaLr Pstfk|ltsf]k|lta4tfsf nflu 

w] /} w] /} wGojfb r9fpg rfxG5' . To;sf 

;fy} of] d] /f] k|oTg The Fault nfO{ sf] z] nL 

:j¿k cKgfO lbg'xf] nf eGg rfxG5' . =

gf/L lgs'~h ci6«]lnofsf] 

gof“ kl/of]hgf / ;+u7gdf lj:tf/ 

Pgcf/PgP j'dg kmf]/d, gf/L lgs'~h ci6«]lnofn] lautsf aif{df h:t} o; aif{ klg 

kf7]3/ v:g] /f]usf] pkrf/sf nflu kl/of]hgf cufl8 a9fPsf] 5 . ‘;xof]uL g]kfn’ 

;“usf] ;xsfo{df lgs'~hn] vf]6f∙ lhNnfsf cf∙ v:g] @) hgf la/fdLx?sf] pkrf/ ug]{ 

;+:yfn] hgfPsf] 5 . o; cl3 gf/L lgs'~hn] /fd]5fk, sf7df8f}+ / uf]vf{df of] kl/of]hgf 

;+rfng u/L ;s]sf] 5 . o;} u/L lgs'~hn] ut a}zfvdf cfPsf] lagfzsf/L e'sDkaf6 

elTsPsf] d+unfb]jL k|faL uf]vf{sf] ejg lgdf{0fsf] nflu @ nfv $* xhf/ pknAw u/fO 

;s]sf] ;+:yfsL ;+of]hs >[hgf ;+u|f}nfn] atfpg' eof] . 

To;}u/L gf/L lgs'~h ci6«]lnofn] xfn} ;+:yfsf] ;+u7g ;+/rgfdf la:tf/ u/]sf] 5 . 

;g\ @))( df :yfkgf ePsf] gf/L 

lgs'~h ci6«]lnofn] g]kfnsf] lzIff 

/ :jf:Yo If]qdf nfugL ub}{ cfO{/x] 

sf] 5 . ;+:yfsf] ultlawLnfO{ cem 

a9L k|efjsf/L Pad Aoal:yt 

?kdf cufl8 a9fpg] p2]Zosf ;fy 

ci6«]lnofsf cGo /fHodf a;f]af; 

ul//x]sf g]kfnL gf/Lx?nfO{ klg 

;+:yfdf cfa4 u/fpg] x]t' 

n] :6]6 k|ltlglwsf] rog ul/Psf] 

gf/L lgs'~hn] hgfPsf] 5 . h; 

cg';f/ s'O{G:NofG8af6 1fg' cfrfo{ 

nf]gL, leS6f]l/of af6 kf? s+8]n, 

Pl;6Laf6 c~hgf vlgof, gbg{ 6] 

l/6f]/Laf6 ldg' u'?∙ ;fpy ci6«]lnof 

af6 ;Gh' ;fpb, j]i6g{ ci6«]lnofaf6 

;';g /]UdLnfO{ k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf 

rog ul/Psf] 5 . o;} u/L aiff{ / 

fhe08f/L, /flwsf aflgof“, ;GWof 

zfx / l/rf /hf}l/ofnfO{ lgs'~hsf] 

;b:osf] ?kdf dgf]gog ul/Psf] 

lgs'~h ls ;lra k|lt1f clwsf/Ln] 

hgfpg' eof] . 

H O M E L O A N S 

C 993 

ACL 390261 

Member of 

gofsf] k/f]ksf/L qm'h 

kf6L{ ;DkGg 

@)!# ;fndf :yfkgf ul/Psf] g]lKnh ci6«]lnog o'y P;f]l;o;g -gof_ n] 

lautsf jif{x?df h:t} o; jif{ klg gof“ jif{ @)!^ sf] cj;/ kf/]/ cfof]hgf 

u/]sf] k/f]ksf/L qm'h kf6L{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ut hgj/L @# tfl/v zlgjf/sf 

lbg 8fln{u+ xfa{/af6 rn]sf] SofK6]g s's qm'hn] rf/ 3G6f;Dd l;8\gL zx/ j/k/ 

xfa{/sf] kl/qmdf u/]sf] lyof] . 

k"0f{ kfl/jfl/s / ;fdflhs jftfj/0fdf ;DkGg pQm qm'h kf6L{df ljljw 

;f“:s[lts sfo{qmd;lxt l8h], afnaflnsfsf nflu dgf]/GhgfTds v]n / nlSs 8« 

nufotsf sfo{qmdn] dgf]/~hg k|bfg u/]sf] lyof] . dL7f] vfgf, uLt ;+lut, ljljw 

dgf]/~hgfTds sfo{qmd / ;'Gb/ xfj{/sf] b[Zofjnf]sgaf6 pkl:yt kfx'gfx¿n] 

e/k'/ dgf]/~hg lnPsf lyP . 

;+:yfsf k|aQmf lx/f s+8]nsf] :jfut dGtAoaf6 ;'? ePsf] sfo{qmddf sl/a 

#() hgfsf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . P8efG;8 sn]h ckm x]Ny d'Vo k|fof]hg u/]sf] 

pQm sfo{qmdaf6 ;+slnt /sd lzIffaf6 al~Grt g]kfnsf afnaflnsfx?sf] lzIff 

tyf z}lIfs ;fdu|L vl/bdf vr{ ul/g] af/]df ;+of]hs k|sfz v/]nn] atfPsf 

5g\ . 

sfo{qmdf pkl:yt / ;xof]u ug]{ ;a}nfO{ ;+:yfsf cWoIf sf]dn/fh kf7sn] 

wGoafb 1fkg ub}{ cfpg] jif{ cem Aofks ?kdf sfo{qmd ug]{ atfP . sfo{qmds} 

nflu d]nag{, 8fla{g, c/]Gh nufotsf 7fp+af6 klg kfx'gfx? ;xefuL ePsf lyP . 

OUR SERVICES 

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• Assist with the entire loan process 

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and its free 

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T: 02 8084 5810 

M: 0426 245 530 

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Sydney NSW 2000 

E: info@wealthchoicehomeloans.com.au 

www.wealthchoicehomeloans.com.au 

/wealthchoicehomeloans 

BIJAY SHARMA CHAPAGAIN 

Mortgage Broker 


27

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;dfh 

ci6«]lnofsf g]kfnL, jt{dfg / eljio 

gf/fo0f v8\sf 

ci6«] lnofn] ;g @)!! df u/] sf] 

/fli6«o hgu0fgfdf g] kfnLx¿sf] 

;“Vof @$ xhf/ ^ ;o #^ /x] sf] 

tYof+s ;fj{hlgs u/\of] . To;kl5 aif{] gL 

;fj{hlgs x'“b} cfPsf] tYof+sdf g] kfnLx¿sf] 

;+Vof qmdzM a9\b} uPsf] 5 . kl5Nnf] @ 

aif{sf]cGt/fndf dfq sl/a * xhf/% 

;o g] kfnLx¿n] ci6«] lnofnfO{ cfkm\gf] 3/ 

agfO;s] sf 5g\ . ;g @))^ df ul/Psf] 

hgu0fgfsf] t'ngfdf g] kfnLsf] ;“Vof 

$#( bzdnj ^ k|ltztn] a9] sf] tYof+s 

;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] xf] . 

ax';f+:s[lts b]zsf]?kdf VoftL 

sdfPsf] ci6«] lnof g] kfnLx¿sf] d'Vo 

uGtAosf]dfWod aGg' eg]s}oxf“ pknA4 

cj;/ / ;dfgtf g} xf] . s] xL bzscl3b] lv 

kmf§km'§ cfpg z'? u/] sf g] kfnLx¿sf] ;“Vof 

;g\ @))! b] lv a9] sf] ci6«] lnofnL ;/sf/sf] 

tYof+s 5 . To;df klg ;g @))& b]lv 

eg] pQm ;+Vof x\jfQ} a9] sf] tYof+s pknAw 

5 . ;g @)!! sf] hgu0fgfsf] tYof+s 

cg';f/ !$ bzdnj # k|ltzt g] kfnLx¿ 

;g @))! b]lv @))^ ;Dd cfPsf x'g eg] 

&# bzdnj & k|ltzt @))& b]lv @)!! 

;Dddf ci6«]lnof cfPsf x'g\ . h'g cf“s8f 

ljutsf]cf“s8feGbf cToGt}7"nf]dflgPsf] 

5 . h'g cf“s8f kf“raif{cl3 ;g\ @))^ 

df ul/Psf] hgu0fgfsf] $#( bzdnj ^ 

k|ltzt a9L xf] . 

g] kfndf hGd] / ci6«] lnofnfO{ cfkm\gf] 

3/ agfPsf g] kfnLx¿sf] tYof+s ;fj{hlgs 

ul/Psf] pQm l/kf{] 6df ci6«] lnofdf /x] sf 

laleGg /fHox¿df slt / s'g pd] / 

;d'xsf gful/sx¿ ;dfj] z 5g eg] / ;d] t 

pNn] v ul/Psf] 5 . clxn] slt g] kfnLx¿n] 

ci6«] lnofnfO{ cfkm\gf] 3/ agfO/x] sf 5g 

eGg] tYof+s aflif{s ?kdf k|:t't ul/b} 

cfPsf] 5 . g] kfnLx¿ sf] ;“Vof aif{] gL 

qmlds ?kn] a9\b} hfg'n] ;d] t g] kfnLx¿ 

;'/lIft eljZo /pRr lzIffsf nflu 

ci6«] lnoftkm{ cfslif{t alg/x] sf emg eGg] 

k'li6 u/] sf] 5 . 

oxf“sf] :yfoL a;f] af;sf] cg'dtL 

lng] dfq geP/ laBfyL{sf] ?kdf cfpg] 

g] kfnL o'jfx¿sf] ;“Vof ;d] t a9\b} uPsf] 

tYof+s 5 . clxn] sf] tTsflng tYof“s x] g{] 

xf] eg] klg g] kfnL laBfyL{x¿sf] pkl:ytL 

pNn] Vo dfqfdf kfO{G5 . tYof“s cg';f/ ;g 

@)!@ df !@ xhf/* ;o &# hgf g]kfnL 

o'jfx¿ laBfyL{ leiffdf /x] sf] df of] ;“Vof 

28 

@)!# df !@ xhf/$ ;o @^ df c8]sf] 

lyof] . o;} ul/ ;g @)!$ df of] ;“Vof a9] / 

!^ xhf/ ^& /x] sf] df clxn] ;Dd ci6«] lnofdf 

laBfyL{sf] ?kdf /x] sf g] kfnL o'jfx¿sf] 

;“Vof !& xhf/* ;o #* 5 . o; tYof“s 

cg';f/ g] kfnLx¿ laBfyL{ leiffdf oxf“ 

cfpg] qmd a9] sf] dfq 5} g ls ;/sf/n] 

;d]t laBfyL{x¿nfO{ pRr lzIff xfl;n ug{ 

k|f] T;flxt ul//x] sf] efg x'G5 . 

clxn] ci6«] lnofsf 5 j6f /fHox¿df 

5l/P/ /x] sf g] kfnLx¿ zflng, d] xgtL 

/ ldng;f/sf ?kdf dfq kl/lrt 5} gg\ 

ls oxf“sf]s]Gb|Lo /If]qLo /fHosf]pRr 

txdf /x] / sfd ;d] t ul//x] sf 5g\ . 

kl5Nnf] ;dodf oxf“sf g] kfnLx¿n] agfp“b} 

uPsf] ;fdflhs, /fhg} lts / cfly{s 

x} l;otn] ;d] t g] kfnLx¿ d] xgtL dfq 

geP/ ci6«] lnof g] kfnLx¿sf nflu ;xh 

hLjgofkgsf nflu /fd|f] uGtAo xf] eGg] 

k|dfl0ft ul/lbPsf] 5 . 

ci6«] lnofn] kl5Nnf] ;dodf ;Lk / 

1fgdf bIf ePsf ljb] zL gful/sx¿nfO{ 

laleGg of] hgf cGt/ut :yfoL a;f] af;sf] 

cg'dtL -kLcf/_ ;lxt cfdGq0f ul//x] sf] 

5 . h;n] pgLx¿nfO{ ci6«] lnofdf ;xh 

hLjgofkgsf] jftfj/0f dfq agfOlbPsf] 

5} g ls cfPb] lv g} ci6«] lnof ;/sf/n] 

pknA4 u/fpg]k|foMh;f];/sf/L 

;'ljwfx¿df ;d] t ;xh kx'“r lbG5 . h;sf] 

nfe g] kfnLx¿n] ;d] t lnO/x] sf 5g\ . ;g 

@)!$–!% sf] tYof“s x] g{] xf] eg] klg ^& 

bzndn ^ k|ltztn] ;f] xL cGt/ut oxf“sf] 

:yfoL a;f] af;sf] cg'dtL kfPsf x'g\ . 

h;df oxf“ laBfyL{ leiffdf cfP/ kLcf/ 

lng] x¿ clwsf“z 5g\ . 

ci6«]lnofdf cfP/pRr lzIff lnP/ 

jf kfl/jfl/s ;|f] taf6 :yfoL afl;Gbfsf] 

cg'dtL lnPklg pgLx¿nfO{ oxf“sf] 

s'g} klg If] qdf e] befj ug{] ul/Psf] 5} g\ . 

‘ci6«] lnofdf s;sf] s'g of] Uotf xf] / p;n] 

s'g If] qdf la1tf /fV5 eg] / g} cj;/x¿ 

lbOg] ul/G5 .’ ci6«] lnofsf] ;/sf/L txdf 

sfd ul//x] sf Ps la1 eG5g\ . oxf“ eg;'g 

/ lrghfgn] vf;} dxTj g/fVg] ePsfn] 

of]Uotf ePsf]v08df h'g;'s}b]zsf 

ePklg ;dfg cj;/ lbOg] pgsf] bfaL xf] . 



ci6«] lnof ;/sf/s} hgu0fgfsf] tYof“s 

x] g{] xf] eg] klg of] s'/fsf] k'li6 x'G5 . ;g 

@)!! ;Dddf oxf“ /x] sf g] kfnLx¿ dWo] 

*^ bzdnj * k|ltzt /f]huf/df 5g 

h;df #$ bzdnj ( k|ltztn];Lkd'ns 

Dofg]hd]G6, Joj;flos /Jofkf/d'ns 

/f]huf/df cfa4 5g\ . 

Toltdfq geP/ cfDbfgL ;d] t oxf“sf 

g] kfnLx¿n] ;/b/ ci6«] lnofnL gful/sn] 

eGbf /fd|f] u/] sf] b] lvPsf] 5 . ci6«] lnofdf 

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w]/} s'/f ldN5 eGnfg\ . dnfO{ oxL s'/fsf] 

dfq tgfj xf] . 

k|;+u abnf}+, ‘kz'klt k|;fb’ df s:tf] 

e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{ ePsf] 5 < 

of] Pp6f ;fdflhs lkmNd xf] . 

sf7df8f}+sf]kz'klt If]q j/k/sf] 

ljifoj:t'df cfwfl/t of] lkmNddf d}n] 

dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sL 5' . 

kz'kltk|;fb eGg] rl/q;“u d glhs /x]/ 

sfd u/]sL 5' . 

Do'lhs lel8of]sf] t'ngfdf lkmNdsf] 

;+Vof sd ePg / < 

dnfO{ klg To:t} nflu/x]sf] 5 t/ 

h:tf] kfof] To:t} lkmNd v]Ng grfx]sf 

sf/0f lkmNdsf] ;+Vof sd ePsf] xf] . 

lel8of]df klg sd} b]lvg' yfNg' ePsf] 5 

lg < 

Pstfsf d}n]cToGt w]/}lel8of]df 

sfd u/]+ . clxn]cfP/lel8of]df klg 

r'hL ePsL 5' . :yflkt ufos–uflosfsf 

u'0f:t/Lo uLtdf dfq clego ug]{ of]hgf 

agfPsfn]lel8of]sf];+Vof sd ePsf]xf]. 

k|]d ;DaGw 6'6]sf] rrf{ 5 lg < 

o; ljifodf d s]xL af]Ng rfxGg . 

k|]ddf of}gsf] :yfg sxf“ g]/ x'G5 < 

;f“rf] k|]ddf zf/Ll/s lgs6tf x'g' 

:jefljs xf] t/ hlxn] klg zf/Ll/s 

lgs6tf eGbf k|]dn] g} dxTj kfp“5 . = 

38 



;]lna|]6L cf]lklgog 

k|]d cleJoQm ug{sf nflu 

Eofn]G^fOG; *] 

g} rflxG5 t < 

!$ km]a|'c/L cyf{t Eofn]G6fOG; 8] . of] ldlt ljZje/L g} rlr{t 5 . oxL 

lbg ljZjn] k|]d lbj; dgFOg] ePsfn] o;sf] cfkm\g} dxTj klg 5 . !$ 

km]a|'c/LnfO{ ljZje/L g} Eofn]G6fG; 8] cyf{t k|]d lbj;sf] ?kdf dgfOg] 

ePsfn] ljjflxtb]lv cljjflxt o'jf–o'jtL;d]t Eofn]G6fOG; 8]sf] k|ltIffdf 

x"G5g\ . Pscsf{nfO{ k|]d ul//x]sf hf]8Ln] t of] lbgnfO{ Pp6f kj{s} ?kdf 

dgfpg] k/Dk/f 5 . Eofn]G6fOG; 8]sf] cj;/ kf/]/ b g]kfnL 6fOD; 

ci6]«lnofsf g]kfn k|ltlglw s[i0f e§/fO{n] s]xL ;]lna|]6LnfO{ k|]d ug{sf 

nflu Eofn]G6fOG; 8] g} rflxG5 t < eGg] lh1f;f /fv]sf 5g\ . pgLx?sf] 

hjfkm h:tf]sf t:t}M 

k"hf zdf{ 

k|bLk v8\sf, gfos 

k|]d ug{s} nflu Eofn]G6fOG; 8] klv{g' 

kb}{g h:tf] nfU5 . k|]d eGg] s'/f hlt 

a]nf klg ug{ ;lsG5 . x'g t xfdL h:tf 

o'jfk':tfsf nflu of] lbgsf] cfkm\g} ljz]if 

dxTj 5“b}5, t/ k|]d ug]{ hf]8Lx?sf nflu 

x/]s lbg Eofn]G6fOG; 8] h:t} x'G5 h:tf] 

nfU5 . 

k"hf zdf{, gflosf 

dfof ug{] dfG5]n] cfkm\gf] dfofn'nfO{ 

dfof ug{, cflTdotf ;f6\g Eofn]G6fOG; 

8] g} s'g'{ k5{ h:tf] nfUb}g . d}n] t 

Eofn]G6fOG; 8]nfO{ k|]d pT;j dgfpg] 

Pp6f ljz]if lbgsf] ?kdf u|x0f u/]sL 5' . 

lbg]z zfxL, df]8n 

d Eofn]G6fOG; 8]sf] kIfdf 5' . dfof 

ug]{x?sf nflu klg t s'g} Pp6f ljz]if 

lbg, rf8 cyjf pT;j t rflxof] lg . 

Eofn]G6fOG; 8] g} Pp6f To:tf] lbg xf] h'g 

lbg k|]ld–k|]ldsfx? :jR5Gb eP/ cfkm\gf] 

k|]d cleJoQm ug{ ;S5g\ . 

jiff{ /fpt -IF]qL_, gflosf 

kl5Nnf jif{x?df g]kfndf ;d]t 

Eofn]G6fOG; 8]nfO{ Pp6f dxf]T;jsf] ?kdf 

dgfpg] k|rng k|f/De ePsf] 5 . Ps 

lx;fan] x]g]{ xf] eg] d o;df v/fjL b]lVbg 

t/ Eofn]G6fOG; 8] eg]sf] k|]ld cyjf 

k|]ldsf ePsf JolQmn] dfq dgfpg] kj{ 

h:tf] ePsf] 5 . jf:tljs k|]ld–k|]ldsfn] 

Ps–csf{nfO{ k|]d u5'{ eGgsf nflu Pp6f 

lglZrt lbg g} tf]lsg' k5{ h:tf] nfUb}g . 

b'uf{ v/]n, uflosf 

olb tkfO{+ s;}nfO{ k|]dsf] k|:tfj /fVb} 

x'g'x'G5 eg] tkfO{+sf nflu Eofn]G6fOG; 

8]n] ljz]if dxTj /fV5 . lb tkfO{+ 

klxnfb]lv g} s;}nfO{ k|]d ul//xg' ePsf] 

5 eg] klg of] lbg dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 t/ k|]d 

gd|tf ;fksf]6f 

cleJoQm ug}{sf nflu Eofn]G6fOG; 8] g} 

kv{g' k5{ h:tf] dnfO{ nfUb}g . 

d]/f] ljrf/df Eofn]6fO{G; 8] s} lbg 

cfkm"nfO{ dfof ug{] dfG5];Fu e]63f6 

ug{‘k5{, k|kf]h ug{‘k5{ eGg] 5}g . k|kf]h 

ug{, k|]d k|:tfj /fVg oxL lbg s'g'{ k5{ 

h:tf] nfUb}g . d}n] cfh;Dd Eofn]6fOG; 8] 

dgfPsf] 5}g . 

k|df]b v/]n, ufos 

cfkm"nfO{ dg kg]{ JolQm;+u zfGt 

jftfj/0fdf lbg latfpg] /dfOnf] cj;/ 

Eofn]G6fOG; 8]n] g} lbG5 . d of] ljz]if 

lbg s'g} klg sfddf Jo:t x'Gg . jif{df 

Ps k6s cfpg] of] lbgnfO{ :d/0f agfpg 

d kl5 klb{g . o;k6ssf] Eofn]G6fOG; 

8]df pgnfO{ Pp6f ;/k|fOh ;d]t lbg] 

of]hgf agfPsf] 5' . 

gd|tf ;fksf]6f, gflosf 

dnfO{ k|]d ug{sf nflu Eofn]G6fOG; 8] 

g} kv{g' k5{ h:tf] nfUb} nfUb}g . dfof / 

k|]d ug{sf nflu # ;o ^% lbg g} pko'Qm 

x'G5g\ . d]/f] ljrf/df dfof ug]{x?sf nflu 

klg Pp6f ljz]if lbg cfjZos k5{ eg] 

!$ km]a|'c/LnfO{ 5gF}6 ul/Psf] xf] . = 

lbg]z zfxL 

k|df]b v/]n 

jiff{ /fpt 

b'uf{ v/]n 

k|bLk v8\sf 


39

! 

lIflthkf/L hfgsf/L 

@ 

% 

^ 

# $ 

! 

40 

dWok"j{df rLg 

lrlgof“ /fi6«klt ;L lhglkªn] hgj/L @# df 

O/fgsf] /fhsLo e|d0f u/]sf 5g\ . lhglkªn] 

O/fg;lxt dWok"j{sf tLg d'n'ssf] /0fgLlts e|d0f 

u/]sf x'g\ . ;fpbL c/]laof, OlhK6 / O/fg e|d0f qmddf 

pgn]tL d'n'ssf g]tfx¿;+u a]N6 /;8s kl/of]hgf 

tyf cf}Bf]lus Ifdtf, k"jf{wf/ / pmhf{df cfwfl/t 

;dGjodf hf]8 lbPsf 5g\ . dWok"j{sf b'O{ k|lt:kwL{ 

d'n's ;fpbL c/]laof / O/fgsf] Ps;fy e|d0f u/]/ 

/fi6«klt ;Ln] låkIfLo ;DaGw cem dha't agfpg 

vf]h]sf 5g\ . e|d0f qmddf /fi6«klt ;Ln] dWok"j{sf 

d'n'saLrsf] cGt/åGå 36fpg ;+jfb a9fpg'kg]{ 

s'/fdf hf]8 lbPsf 5g\ . ljsf;df ;xhLs/0fsf nflu 

;xfotfsf gofF sfo{qmdx¿ 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ h;af6 

;d:ofx¿af6 dfly p7\g ;lsg]5 . lrlgof“ g]tfn] 

cfkm\gf] b]zn] dWok"j{df s'g} ljsNk aGg / l/Qm:yfg 

k"lt{ ug{ gvf]lh/x]sf] k|:6\ofP . t]x/fgdf pgn] O/fgL 

;dsIfL x;g ?xfgL;+u låkIfLo ;DaGwnfO{ km/flsnf] 

/0fgLlts ;fem]bf/Ldf abNg'kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbP . O/fgL 

/fi6«klt ?xfgLn];8s kl/of]hgfdfkm{t ;fem]bf/Lsf] 

gofF r/0fdf k|j]z ug{ tof/ /x]sf] atfP . b'j} g]tfn] 

ljleGg !& a'Fb] ;xdltdf x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5g\ . h;df 

låkIfLo Jofkf/a9fP/^)) ca{ cd]l/sL 8n/a/fa/ 

k'¥ofpg] pNn]v 5 . 

@ 

cd]l/sfdf lxdcf“wL 

cd]l/sfdf hgj/L @# b]lv cfPsf] eLif0f 

lxdcfFwLn]!! /fHosf ( s/f]8eGbf a9L JolQmx¿ 

k|efljt eP . cd]l/sfsf] k"jL{t6df cfPsf] pQm cfFwL 

kZrft :yfgLo ueg{/x¿n] tL If]qdf cfkQsfnLg 

3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ eg] pQm cf“wL clxn];Dds} 7"nf] 

ePsf] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . lxdcfFwLsf sf/0f 

dg]{x¿sf] ;+Vof xfn ;Dd !& hgf k'u]sf] tyf 

pgLx¿dWo] w]/}n] cf“wL kZrft ePsf] ;jf/L b'3{6gfdf 

Hofg u'dfPsf x'g\ . pQm cfFwLnfO{ ‘:gf]lhnf’ gfd 

lbOPsf] 5 . Go"of]s{df cTofjZosLo afx]ssf ;jf/L 

;~rfngdf /f]s nufOPsf]5 eg]s]xL xhf/p8fg 

;]jf /2 ul/Psf] 5 . Ps ld6/ eGbf afSnf] lxp“ hDg] 

u/L ePsf] lxdcf“wLsf sf/0f nfvf}+ 3/x¿df ljB't 

February January 2016 

nfOg sfl6Psf]5 . lxp“ hd]kl5 !@ 306f eGbfa9L 

;do b]lv ;jf/L ;fwgx¿ ;8sd}km;]sf lyP . 

# kfls:tfgdf cft+sL 

cfqmd0f 

kfls:tfgsf] pQ/–klZrdsf] k];fj/ glhssf] 

rf/;2f ;x/df /x]sf]aRrfvfg ljZjljBfno hgj/L 

@) df cft+sjfbL xdnf ePsf] 5 . ;]gfsf clwsf/Lsf 

cg';f/ cfqmd0fsf/L rf/hgf cft+sjfbL dfl/Psf 5g\ 

eg] !% b]lv @) hgf ljBfyL{ dfl/Psf] k'li6 ePsf] 5 . 

ljZjljBfnosf ;xfos k|fWofks 8f= ;s'/sf cg';f/ 

cft‌+sjfbLx¿ ljZjljBfnosf] kl5Nnf] efuaf6 k|j]z 

u/]sf lyP . ljZjljBfnodf xdnf ePsf] yfx kfpg] 

lalQs} w]/} ljBfyL{x¿ d]g u]6af6 aflx/ efu]sf lyP . 

ljZjljBfno ;x/af6 s]xL k/ v]tx¿sf]aLrdf l:yt 

5 . ;g\ @)!$ df k];fj/df ePsf] ljBfno cfqmd0f 

!#) ljBfyL{sf] Hofg uPsf] lyof] . r/;2f k];fj/af6 

%) lsnf]ld6/sf] b'/Ldf k5{ . :yfgLo ;docg';f/ 

;f9] ( ah] lt/ cft+sjfbLx¿n] ad la:kmf]6g u/fP/ 

ljZjljBfnod leq k|j]z u/]sf lyP . ljZjljBfondf 

sljtf sfo{qmd eO/x]sf] a]nf pQm cfqmd0f ePsf] xf] . 

pQm ;dodf ToxfF # xhf/sf];+Vofdf ljBfyL{ tyf ^ 

;osf] ;+Vofdf cfuGt'sx¿ /x]sf] cf+sng kfls:tfgsf] 

lhof] Go'hn] u/]sf] 5 . s]xL lbg cl3dfq} k|zf;gn] 

k];fj/sf] ljBfnod cft+sjfbLx¿n] k'gM cfqmd0f 

ug{;Sg] ;'rgf kfPkl5 s]xL ljBfnonfO{ aGb u/]sf 

lyP . 

$ 

O{/fsdf a9\b}5 lx+;f 

;g\ @)!$ sf] cS6f]a/b]lv @)!% sf] cGTo;Dd 

O/fsL åGåsf sf/0f !* xhf/* ;o @ ;j{;fwf/0f 

gful/ssf] Hofg uPsf] tYof+s /fi6«;+3n] ;fj{hlgs 

u/]sf] 5 . O/fsL ;'/IffsdL{ / O:nflds :6]6 -cfO{P;_ 

;d"xaLrsf] åGåsf sf/0f o:tf] dfjgLo ljgfz ePsf] 

/fi6«;+3sf] k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v 5 . 3fOt]sf] ;+Vof 

bf]Aa/eGbf a9L 5 . of] cjlwdf #) xhf/ % ;o dlxnf 

tyf afnaflnsf bf;sf] ¿kdf k|of]u ePsf] pNn]v 

5 . To:t}, sl/j ( ;o hgf afnaflnsf ckx/0fdf 


k/]sf] k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v 5 . of] cjlwdf sl/a #@ 

nfv O/fsL cfGtl/s ¿kdf lj:yflkt ePsf 5g\ . 

cfO{P;n]dRrfO/x]sf]Jojl:yt /lj:t't lx+;fafx]s 

O/fsL kmf}h, ljleGg n8fs' ;d"x /s'lb{;x¿n]u/ ]sf] 

aaG8/;DaGwdf klg k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v 5 . /fi6« 

;+3Lo dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf k|d'v h]Ob /fb cn 

x';]gn]oxL lx+;fsf]jftfj/0faf6}O/fsLx¿n]b]z 5f8\g] 

qmd a9]sf]atfP . lj:yflkt, kLl8t, åGådf ar]sfx¿ 

/ cTofrf/sf ;fIfLx¿;Fusf] k|ToIf cGt/jftf{sf 

cfwf/df k|ltj]bg tof/ ePsf] cfof]usf] O/fs ld;gn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . 

% kmls{of] d"lt{sf] 6fpsf] 

k|mfG;sf] ;+u|fxfnon] & cf}+ ;tfAbLsf] Pp6f d'lt{sf] 

6fpsf]sDkf]l8ofnfO{ kmsf{Psf]5 . k|mfG;sf]/fhwfgL 

k]l/;df /x]sf]u'Od]6 ;+u|xfnon]sDaf]l8ofsf]cfu|xdf 

lxGb' eujfg lzj / lji0f'sf] k|ltssf] ?kdf /x]sf] 

d'lt{sf] 6fpsf] ! ;o #) jif{ kl5 kmsf{Psf] lala;Ln] 

hgfPsf] 5 . pklgj]zsf] ;dodf k|mfG;n] Tof] 6fpsf] 

cfkm\gf] sAhfdf lnPsf] lyof] . 6fpsf] kfPkl5 d'lt{nfO{ 

k'0f{tf lbg kfPsf]df sDkf]l8ofsf ;+:s[lt dGqLn]v';L 

JoQm ub}{ /fli6«o ;Dkbf hf]ufpg kfPsf]atfpg' ePsf] 

5 . uPsf] tLg jif{df cd]l/sfsf] ;+u|xfno / gj]{sf 

s]lx JolQmn]gLhL k|of]usf]nflu ;+sng u/ ]sf w]/}d'lt{ 

sDaf]l8ofnfO{ kmsf{Psf lyP . 

^ dWok"j{df lr;f] 

lr;f]sf sf/0f k"jL{ Pl;ofsf] hghLjg k|efljt 

ePsf] 5 . PSsf;L a9]sf] lr;f]sf sf/0f tfOjfgdf %) 

hgf eGbf w]/}sf] Hofg uPsf] xf] . lr;f]sf sf/0f blIf0f 

sf]l/ofdf ^) xhf/ dflg; ljleGg 7fpFdf km;]sf 5g\ . 

o;/L cnkq kg]{df clwsf+z ko{6s 5g\ . hgj/Lsf] 

bf];|f] ;ftfsf] cGTob]lv tfkqmd lgs} sd ePsfn] 

xfOkf]yld{of tyf d'6' ;DaGwL /f]usf sf/0f w]/}sf] Hofg 

uPsf] tfOjfgf ;~rf/dfWodn] hgfPsf 5g\ . Hofg 

hfg]df w]/}j[4j[4f 5g\ . lr;f]sf sf/0f k"j{ Pl;ofsf 

ljleGg b]zdf lxd kft klg ePsf] 5 . xªsª, rLgsf] 

blIf0fL If]q tyf hfkfgdf klg lr;f]n] hghLjg k|efljt 

ePsf] 5 . =

{ 

{ 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pgcf/Pg km/s ljrf/ 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

;'lzn b]jsf]6f 

dfofsf] aGwg 

s'g} klg s] 6f jf s] 6L;“u 

dfofdf 5f} eg] t'?Gt} ljx] ug] {af/] 

ltdL 

;f]Rg yflnxfN5f}. ltdL o;sf] 

sfg'gL sfuh klg agfp“5f}. lsg < dfofsf] 

jLrdf sfg'g sxf“af6 cfof]< dfofdf sfg'g 

o;sf/0f cfof] lsgls Toxf+ dfof g} 5} g . 

of]t[i0ff dfq xf]clg ltdLnfO{ yfxf 5 t[i0ff 

s] xL ;do kl5 cfkm} + x/fP/ hfg] 5 . ltdL 

rfxG5f} of] x/fpg' eGbf klxn] g} o;nfO{ s} b 

ul/xfnf} + . x/fpg' klxn] g} s] xL o:tf] ug{ 

rfxG5f} h;sf] sf/0f of] 5'6\g} g;sf] ;\ . 

Pp6f ;'Gb/ ;+;f/ hxf“ Wofg ug] {, of] uL 

JolQmx¿ /x]sf x'G5g\ /hxf“ 1fgsf]yf]/} 

dfq eP klg k|sfz /x] sf] 5 Toxf+ rf/} lt/ 

dfof km} lnPsf] x'G5 . ;a} hgf Ps csf{nfO{ 

dfof t u5{g\ t/Tof]dfof ;DalGwt x'g'df 

dfq l;ldt x'G5, Tof] ;DaGw aGb} g . t/ d 

of] elg/x] sf 5} g ls pgLx¿sf] dfof Ifl0fs 

x'G5 . Toxf“ x/;+efjgf 5 ls pgLx¿sf] 

dfof ltdLx¿sf] eGbf klg ulx/f] ?ksf] 

xf] ;\ . ltdLx¿sf] dfofdf eGbf cem a9L 

cflTdotf xf] ;\, pgLx¿sf] dfofdf ltdLx¿sf] 

eGbf a9L ;flxTo /;dk{0f klg x'g ;S5 . 

clg x/] s ;+efjgf of] klg 5 ls pgLx¿sf] 

dfof ltdLx¿sf]tyfslyt ;DaGw eGbf 

lgs} nfdf] ;do;Dd l6Sg] 5 . t/ pgLx¿sf] 

of] dfofnfO{ sfg'gn] , cbfntn] , k'ln;n] 

kSsf ub} {gg\ . kSsf dgb] lv x'G5 pgLx¿sf] 

dfof . ;DaGwnfO{ e"n clg s;/L ;DalGwt 

x'g] eGg] tkm{ ;f] r . 

h;} ltdL ;DaGwdf x'G5f} ltdLx¿ 

Pscsf{nfO{ af] emsf] ?kdf lng yfN5f} . 

/ oxL s'/fn] dfofsf ;Dk"0f{ efjgfnfO{ 

tx; gx; kfl/lbG5 . dlxnf ;f]R5], p;n] 

k'?ifnfO{ lrg]sL 5]/k'?if ;f]R5 ls p;n] 

dlxnfnfO{ lrg] sf] 5 . t/ s;} n] klg 

s;} nfO{ lrg] sf] x'b} g . slxn] klg csf] 

JolQmnfO{ lrGg ;lhnf]x'b}g . csf]{ JolQm 

;w} +e/L /x:o g} alg/xG5 . clg csf] 

JolQmnfO{ af]emsf]?kdf lng' eg]sf]ckdfg 

xf] . 

;DaGw eg] sf] Pp6f k"0f{ s'/f xf] , 

;dfKt, aGb . dfof slxNo}klg ;DaGw 

xf] Og . dfof t ;DalGwt x'g' xf] . of] ;w} +e/L 

Pp6f vf] nf h:tf] xf] , lg/Gt/, cGtxLg . 

dfofdf slxn] klg k"0f{ lj/fd x'+b} g . 

;'xfu/ft ;'? x'G5 t/ slxNo} klg ;dfKt 

x'+b} g . of] s'g} pkGof; h:tf] xf] Og h'g 

sxL+af6 ;'? x'G5 /sxL+ cGTo x'g}k5{ . of] 

t lg/Gt/rln/xg]k|s[of xf]. dfofn'x¿ 

;lsPnfg\ t/ dfof lg/Gt/ /xG5 . dfof 

lqmof xf] , ;+1f xf] Og . 

xfdL lsg ;DalGwt x'g'sf] ;'Gb/tfnfO{ 

;DaGwdf nu] / s'?k agfp5f} + . lsgls 

;DalGwt dfq x'g' eg] sf] hf] lvd x'g' xf] t/ 

;DaGw /fVg' eg] sf] 9'Ss x'g' xf] . ;DaGwdf 

lglZrGttf x'G5 . 

;DalGwt x'g' eg]sf]b'O{ c~hfg JolQm 

Ps cfk;df e]6\g' dfq xf]. x'g ;S5 Ps 

/ft ;+u} u'hfg'{ clg ef] lnkN6 ljxfg ePkl5 

cnlabf eGb}5'6\g' . s;nfO{ yfxf 5 / 

ef] ln s] x'b} 5 eGg] < xfdL olb w] /} eolet 

5f} + ls xfdL o;nfO{ kSsf agfpg rfxG5f} +, 

xfdL o;nfO{ cg'dfg ug{ ;lsg] s'/f agfpg 

rfxG5f} + . xfdL rfxG5f} + xfdL ef] nL xfdLn] 

rfx] h:t} xf] ;\ . xfdL o;nfO{ h:tf] x'g 

rfxG5 To:t} x'g lbb} gf} + . 

ltdLn]of];f]Rg' ls ltdLn]cfkm\gf] 

>LdtLnfO{ lrg] sf 5f} , Psbd a] dtnasf] 

s'/f xf] . s;/L ltdLn] Tof] cfOdfOnfO{ lrGg 

;S5f} < s;/L Tof] cfOdfOn] klg ltdLnfO{ 

lrGg ;S5]< ltgLx¿ k|s[of x'g\, s'g}j:t' 

xf] Ogg\ . ltdLn] lxhf] lrg] sf] cfOdfO cfh 

5} g . u+ufdf slt w] /} kfgL alu;s] sf] 5 . 

cfh pm lxhf] sf] eGbf ljNs'n km/s cfOdfO 

xf] . ltdLn] k'gM ;DalGwt x'g'k5{ pm;+u, 

km] l/ ;'? ug'{k5{ . o;nfO{ af] emsf] ?kdf 

glnpm . 

ltdL lxhf] /ftL ;+u} ;'t] sf] cfOdfOsf] 

cg'xf/cfh ljxfg x]/t . pm ToxL JolQm 

xf] Og cfh, slt w] /} s'/f kl/jt{g ePsf] 5 . 

u0fgf ug} { g;lsg] k|sf/n] w] /} s'/f kl/jt{g 

ePsf 5g\ . dfG5] / j:t'sf] aLrdf oxL g} 

leGgtf /x] sf] x'G5 . sf] 7fdf /x] sf] kmlg{r/ 

p:t} 5 lxhf] klg / cfh klg t/ >Ldfg 

/ >LdtL kl/jt{g e} ;s] sf 5g\ lxhf] eGbf 

cfh . d} n] ;DalGwt x'g' eg] sf] klg oxL 

xf] . 

;DalGwt x'g' eg] sf] hlxn] klg ;'?jft 

ug'{ xf] . ltdL hlxn] klg hfgsf/ /xg 

x/;+ej k|of; ul//xG5f} . x/] s k6s 

ltdLx¿ Ps csf{nfO{ kl/lrt u/fO/x] sf 

x'G5f} . ltdL hlxn] klg p;sf] dgsf] 

ulx/fO{df k|j] z ug] { k|of; ul//x] sf x'G5f} , 

cem ulx/fO{df . emg\ ulx/fO{df . 

ltdL To:tf] /x:osf] kbf{ p3fg{ rfxG5f} 

h'g p3f/L ;fWo 5} g . ;+ej 5} g . dfofsf] 

oxL g} ;'Gb/tf xf] , r] tgfsf] vf] hL ug] { . 

olb ltdL ;DalGwt x'g ;S5f} / o;nfO{ 

;DaGwdf kl/0ft ub}{gf}eg]csf]{ JolQm klg 

ltdL h:t} x'g] 5 . p;nfO{ vf] hL ul//xbf 

yfx} gkfO{ ltdL cfkm} +nfO{ vf] lh/x] sf x'G5f} . 

dfofn'x¿ Ps csf{sf lglDt P]gf x'G5g\ clg 

dfof Wofgdf kl/0ft x'G5 . ;DaGw s'?k 

x'G5 ;DalGwt x'g' ;'Gb/. 

;DaGwdf b'j}hgf Ps csf{ k|lt 

cGwf] x'G5g\ . o;f] ;f] r t, ltdLn] cfkm\gf] 

>LdtLsf] cf+vfdf cf+vf /fv] / x] /] sf] slt 

eof] < ltdLn] cfkm\gf] >LdfgnfO{ To;/L 

x] /] sf] slt eof] < x'g ;S5 aiff} { . cfkm\g} 

>LdtLnfO{ s;n] x] g] { < ltdLn] of] s'/fnfO{ 

af] emsf] ?kdf lnO;s] sf 5f} ls ltdL 

p;nfO{ lrG5f} . ca lrlg;s] sf] dfG5] df 

c? s] x] g{ af+sL /x\of] / < ltdL hlxn] klg 

cfkm"n] lrg] sf] eGbf glrg] sf] dfG5] sf] af/] df 

hfGg a9L pT;'s x'G5f}. ltdLnfO{ p;sf] 

z/L/sf] c+u, k|To+u ;a} yfxf 5 . s'g} klg 

s'/fdf p;n] s;/L k|ltlqmof hgfp+5 eGg] 

klg yfxf 5 . ;w} + Pp6} s'/f bf] xf] l/G5 Tof] 

JolQm;+u . ltdL o:t};f]R5f}. 

t/ s'/f To;f] xf] Og . s'g} klg s'/f 

bf] xf] l/b} g . s'g} klg s'/f ;w} +e/L To:t} 

x'b}g . vfnL ltd|f cf+vf a'9f x'G5g\, ltd|f 

wf/0ff k'/fgf x'G5g\ clg ltd|f] P] gfdf w'nf] 

hD5 o;} sf/0f ltdL gof+ s'/f b] Vg} ;Sb} gf} . 

o;} sf/0f d eG5' ;DalGwt ag . 

;DalGwt ag eGg'sf] cy{ ;w} +e/L 

;'xfu/ft d} al;/fv . Ps csf{nfO{ vf] Hg] / 

kQf nufpg] qmd hf/L /fv, dfof ug] { gof+ 

gof+ tl/sfsf] vf] hL ul//fv, Pscsf{;+u 

;do ljtfpg] gof+ gof+ axfgf vf] lh/fv . 

x/]s JolQm olt xb ;Dd /x:odo x'G5 ls 

p;nfO{ lrGg] k|of;df ltdL ylst x'G5f} 

t/ slxn] klg eGg ;Sg] 5} gf} + ls d} n] of] 

dfG5] nfO{ lrg] . a? o;f] rfxL+ eGg ;S5f} 

ls M d} n] x/;+ej k|of; t u/] sf] xf] t/ klg 

of] dfG5] nfO{ lrGg ;lsg . 

cem jf:tljstf t s] xf] eg] hlt 

w] /} ltdL vf] tNb} hfG5f} Tof] dfG5] plt w] /} 

/x:odoL aGb} hfG5 . clg aNn dfofsf] 

a] Un} cfgGb k|fKt x'G5 . = 


41

l8hL6n h]a|fqm; 

km/s–km/s syf, km/s–km/s Joyf ;lxt xfdLx? hGde"dLaf6 xhf/f} 

lsnf]ld6/ 6f9f sd{e"dLdf cf–cfkm\g} ;+3if{df Jo:t 5f}, t}klg xfdL x/avt 

dge/L dft[e"dL af]s]/ lx8]sf] x'G5f} . To;}n] t rfx] rf8af8 xf];\ of 

;'v–b'Mvsf 36gf g]kfnLTjsf] gftfdfq klg xfdLnfO{{ oxf“ w]/} Kof/f] nfU5 . 

cfkm\gf cg's'n cg';f/ xfdL ;fgf7"nf ;d"xdf ;'v–b'Mv af“9\5f}, rf8kj{ dgfp“5f}, 

k/f]ksf/L sfd u5f}{, dbf{kbf{ ;xof]uL xftx? a9fp“5f+} . xfdLdWo] s]lx ev{/} 

cfPsf 5f}+ / pGgt eljiosf] nflu b'Mv–;'v ;+3if{ ub}{5f} eg], slt clnslt 

eP klg Joal:yt a;fO{ a:b} ca cfkm\gf ;Gtfgsf] eljio / pRr lzIffsf] 

nflu lrlGtt 5f}+ . gof“ kl/l:ylt, gof“ a;fO{ / /xg ;xgdf xfd|f] bf]>f] k':tf 

ca la:tf/} oxf“sf] :s'n / o'lgel;{6L hfb} 5g\ < xfd|f cfkm\g}, efiff, /xg–;xg, 

snf, rf8ka{, kfl/afl/s d'No / dfGotfx? 5g\ . olx x's{b} u/]sf] of] bf]>f] 

k':tfdf xfd|f] efiff /xg;xg / ;+:s[tL hf]ufO /fVg] casf] xfd|f] bfloTj xf] . 

olx ;]/f]km]/f]df b g]kfnL 6fOD; c6«]lnofsf] l8lh6n h]a|f qml;Ësf] km]a|f]c/L 

c+ssf nflu xfd|f kf7s ;“u æolx“ hGd]/ x's]{ a9]sf afa'gfgLx?nfO{{ xfd|f] efiff, 

/xg;xg, snf / ;+:s[lt l;sfpg of pgLx?nfO{{ To;k|lt ;befa a9fO{ /fVg 

cleefassf] x}l;otn] xfdLn] s] ug{' knf{ < jf oxf“ v'n]sf ;fdflhs ;+3 

;+:yfx?n] s] u/]df pgLx?df xfd|f efiff, /xg;xg / ;+:s[lt hLaGt /fVg 

d2t k'Unf

l8hL6n h]a|fqm; 

klZrdL ;+:s[lt eg]sf] ;dfh of 

kl/jf/n] eg]sf] of lbPsf] s'/fnfO{{ x'ax' 

gSsn gu/L To;sf] df}lnstf, Jofaxfl/stf 

/ la1fgnfO{{ vf]hg] / dg k/]df cg'z/0f 

ug]{ xf] . To:sf] lakl/t xfdL x's]{sf] ;dfh 

cfkm'eGbf pd]/ kfsf] of ;dfhdf kl08t 

sxnfO{{Psf AolQmsf] cg';/0f ug]{ xf] . xfd|f 

afnaflnsf klZrdL ;dfhdf x's{g] x'gfn] 

xfdLn] pgLx?nfO{{ l;sfpg] lzIffnfO{{ To;sf] 

dxTj / To; k5fl8sf] la1fg atfpg 

h?/L 5 . cfkm'nfO{{ yfxf gePsf] s'/fx? 

l;Sg vf]Hg' kb{5 / la1sf] ;Nnfx / ;'emfa 

lng' kb{5 . clxn] O{G6/g]6df klg k|;:t 

;fdfu|L x'g] x'gfn] To;sf] cWoog ug{' ;lhn} 

;lsG5 . 

cfkm\gf] k/Dk/f / ;+:s[ltsf] klxnf] 

v'l8\snf] eg]sf] xfd|f] efiff xf] . To;}n] 

klxnf] k|fyldstf xfd|f] efiff l;sfpg] x'g' 

kb{5 . efiffn] afn aflnsnfO{{ of] xfd|f] eGg] 

leqL dgaf6 kb{5 / p;sf] dfg;k6ndf 

hlxn] klg /lx /xG5 . To;}n] ;Sbf] ;do 

efiff l;sfpg hf]8 lbp+ . cfkm\gf] efiff 

af]Ng k|]l/t u/f} . cfkm\gf efsfsf] uLt 

ufpg], ;'Gg], gfRg] / ufpmg / gfRg k|]l/t 

u/f}“ . clxn] k|afzdf w]/} ;+3 ;+:yf 5g, 

To:dWo] s]xL ;+3 ;+:yf hflto klxrfgsf] 

/ To; ;“u ;DaGw l/tL l/jfh ;“u h'8]sf] 

5 . hflto / b]zsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] ;+3 

;+:yfn] xfd|f afnaflnsfdf ulx/f] k|efa 

kg{ ;Sb5 . cleaasx?n] o:tf ;s];Dd 

;a} sfo{qmdx?df ;xefuL x'g] / k|ToIf 

?kdf ;+nUg x'g' kb{5 . ;dfhn] ug]{ k|To]s 

sfo{qmdx?df afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf pNn]Vo 

?kdf x'g' h?/L 5 h:n] afnaflnsnfO{{ 

sfo{qmfdn] cfsif{0f ug{ ;sf];\ . To;n] 

afnaflnsfnfO{{ sfnGt/;Dd klg d]/f] klg 

;+nUgtf x'g' kb{5 eGg] kb{5 . o;f] ubf{ 

sfnGt/;Dd xfdLn] ;f]r]sf] / lbg vf]h]sf] 

;+:s[lt hLaGt /xG5 . 

lgd{nf zdf{, d]nag{ 

efiff g} ;+:s[ltsf] k|jw{g tyf ljsf;sf] 

d'Vo dfWod xf] . efiffsf] cefjdf ;+:s[lt 

k/Dk/f lj:tf/} x/fp“b}, nf]k x'“b} hfg] 

;Defjgf x'G5 . ;+:s[lt l;Sgsf] nflu 

efiffsf] 1fg x'g' h?/L 5 . g]kfndf h:tf] 

aflx/L ;d'bfoaf6 efiff ;+:s[lt l;Sg] 

;Defjgf /x“b}g t;y{ ;j{k|yd kl/jf/n] g} 

cfkm\gf afnaRrfnfO{{ z'?b]lv g} g]kfnL efiff 

l;sfpg' kb{5 . efiff s] xf] / lsg h?/L 5 

eGg] s'/fsf] Vofn u/L g]kfnL efiff l;sfpg' 

kl/jf/sf] k|d'v bfloTj xf] . 

aRrfx?sf] nflu klxnf] kf7zfnf 

kl/jf/ xf] o;y{ 3/ kl/jf/ / g]kfnL 

;d'bfo aLrdf af]lnrflnsf] efiff g]kfnL 

g} agfpg' kg]{ . g]kfnL ;f+:s[lts /xg;xg, 

kj{x?, 3/ tyf ;d'bfo leq dgfpg] ;a} 

afnaRrfx?nfO{{ o:tf kj{x?df ;xefuL 

u/fpg] o:tf ;+:s[lt kj{x?sf] dxTj / lsg 

hu]gf{ ug'{ kb{5 eGg] ;Gbe{df l;sfpg' 

kg]{ tyf ;–;fgf k|jrg sfo{qmdx? ug]{ . 

h:t} M ufOhfqf, b]p;L e}nf], gof“ jif{, df3] 

;qmflGt, hg} k"l0f{df, df3L, Nxf];f/, uf}/f 

kj{, 56h:tf rf8kj{sf] P]ltxfl;s k[i7e"ld 

dxTj af/]df aRrfx?nfO{{ g} nlIft u/]/ ug]{, 

a'efpg] tyf o:tf kj{x? dgfpg] / cfkm\gf] 

afnaRrfx?nfO{{ ;xefuL u/fpg] h:tf 

sfdx? cleefjsx?n] ug'{kb{5 . 

;fdflhs ;+:yfsf] bfloTj cGtu{t 

efiff, /xg;xg / ;+:s[lt lhjGt /fVg 

o:tf sfo{qmdx?nfO{{ g} nlIft u/L ;+rfng 

ug]{ . g]kfnL efiff nfufot c? dft[efiffsf 

kf7zfnf ljleGg 7fp“ / pko'Qm ;dodf 

rnfpg] . wd{ ;+:s[lt ;DaGwL lj4fgx?nfO{{ 

;do ;dodf af]nfO{{ k|jrg tyf k|lzIf0f 

u/fpg] . afbljjfb, lgaGw h:tf k|ltof]lutf 

rnfpg] h:tf sfdx? ug'{ kb{5 . 

lai0f' ;fksf]6f kf]v|]n,l;8\gL 

xfdLn] o;nfO{{ Ps dxTjk"0f{ lhDd]af/Lsf] 

?kdf cleefassf] gftfn] lng' h?/L 5 . 

cfkm\gf] efiff ;+:s[lt hLjGt /fVg qmlds 

?kdf k':tfx?df ;fb}{ hfg' kg]{ x'G5 . of] 

sfd o; blIf0fL uf]nf4df a;fO{;/fO{ u/]/ 

cfPsfnfO{ clnslt sl7g x'g lgZro g} 

:jfefljs xf] . tfklg xfdLn] h] uof]{ xfd|f 

gfgLafa'x?n] Tolx l;S5g\ . Tolx sf/0fn] 

;s];Dd pgLx?;“u cfkm\gf] efiff /xg;xg 

/ ;+:s[lt emNsg] tl/sfn] k|:t't x'g' Psbd} 

dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 h:tf] dnfO{{ nfUb5 . cfkm\gf] 

;+:s[lt / lgTo sd{ h] h:tf] 5 pgLx?sf] 

cufl8 k|of]udf Nofp“bf afa'gfgLx?nfO{{ o;sf] 

5fk /fd|f] / l56f];+u kb{5 . ;fdflhs 

;+:yfx?n] ug]{ laleGg sfo{qmdx?df cfkm\gf] 

/xg ;xg snf ;+:s[ltsf nflu dxTjk"0f{ 

efudf k|of]u ug]{ cflb w]/} s'/fx? olx hGd] 

x's]{sf afa'gfgLx?nfO{{ xfd|f ;+:s[lt, /xg;xg, 

l/ltl/jfh hLjGt /fVg ug{'kg]{ dxTjk"0f{ s'/f 

x'g h:tf] dnfO{{ nfUb5 . = 


43

lIflthkf/L hfgsf/L 6]s6s 

Dof;]Gh/df gof“ ;'ljwf 

km];a'sn] cfkm\gf] Dof;]Gh/ Pkdf gofF lkmr/ ‘kmf]6f] Doflhs’ NofPsf] 5 . o;af6 kmf]6f] ;]ol/ª 

;lhnf]x'g]5 . kmf]6f]Doflhs cg'xf/klxrfg ug]{ z}nLsf lkmr/xf]. o;n]k|of]ustf{sf]l8efO;df 

Sofd]/f /f]n;Dd k'u]/ ;fyLx¿sf] kmf]6f] klxrfg u5{ . To;kl5 tL kmf]6fx¿ ;fyLx¿;Fu ;]o/ 

ug]{ ls gug]{ eg]/ k|of]ustf{nfO{ ;f]W5 . of] lkmr/n] ;a} kmf]6f]x¿nfO{ :Sofg u/]/ klxrfg u/]kl5 

k|of]ustf{nfO{ Ps gf]l6lkms];g lbG5 h;df ‘;]G8’ a6g x'G5 . olb k|of]ustf{n]kmf]6f]k7fpg rfx]df 

;]G8 a6gdf lyr]/kmf]6f]k7fpg ;Sg]5g\ . o;sf nflu Dof;]lhª Pk vf]Ng cfjZos kb}{g . olb s'g} 

kmf]6f]df PseGbf a9L ;fyLx¿ 5g\ eg] kmf]6f] Doflhsn] km];a's Dof;]Gh/df kmf]6f] ;]o/ ug{‘sf ;fy} 

Ps gofF Dof;]h y|]8 agfOlbG5 . olb k|of]ustf{n];Lw}gf]l6lkms];gaf6 kmf]6fx¿ k7fpg grfx]df 

pgLx¿n] Pk vf]n]/ Dof;]hsf] lk|–Eo" x]g{ ;S5g\ . of] lkmr/nfO{ km];a's Dof;]Gh/sf] ;]l6ªdf uP/ 

aGb ug{ klg ;lsg]5 . 

cGtl/If s]Gb|df k|of]uzfnf 

cGt/f{li6«o cGtl/If :6];g -International Space Station–ISS_ sf] aflx/L cGtl/Ifdf 

cg';Gwfg ;'ljwfo'Qm k|of]uzfnf :yfkgf ul/g]ePsf]5 . of]kl/of]hgfsf]k|f/De ;g\ !((* 

d} eP klg cfufdL @)@! ;Dddf of] :yflkt e};Sg] atfOPsf] 5 . of] k|of]uzfnf cGtl/Ifdf 

:yflkt clxn];Dds} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] dfgjlgld{t s]Gb| x'g]5 . cfO{P;P; sfo{qmddf ljZjsf 

w]/} :k]; Ph]G;Lx¿sf] nufgL 5 . of] k|of]uzfnf agfpg ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfsf] gf;f;lxt 

¿;sf]/l;og km]8/n :k]; Ph]G;L -cf/s]P_, hfkfg Po/f]:k]; PS;Knf]/];g Ph]G;L -h]PPS;P_, 

Sofgf8fsf]Sofg]l8og :k]; Ph]G;L -;LP;P_ /o'/f]k]nL b]zx¿sf];+o'Qm o'/f]lkog :k]; Ph]G;L 

-O{P;P_ n] ;+o'Qm ?kdf sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . pQm sfddf a|fhLlnog :k]; Ph]G;L -PO{aL_ / 

O6flnog :k]; Ph] +;L -PP;cfO{_ sf]klg ;+nUgtf /x]sf]5 . k[YjLsf]tNnf]sIfdf :yflkt 

ePkl5 pQm k|of]uzfnfnfO{ gf∙f]cfFvfn]x]g{ ;lsg]5 . 

u'unsf] cgxa /fp6/ 

lta| tyf lgoldt ultsf ;fy jfO{kmfO{ OG6/g]6 pknAw u/fpg] 

u'unsf] cgxa gfds /fp6/ ahf/df cfPsf] 5 . Soflnkmf]lg{ofl:yt 

l6lkln+s sDkgLn]l8hfOg u/]sf]of]/fp6/n]tLj| ultdf rNg]ljleGg l6eL 

Rofgnsf]k|;f/0fnfO{ ;d]t ;xh /c6'6 ¿kdf pknAw u/fpF5 . of]/fp6/ 

clxn];Dds} tLj| ultsf], df]afOn Pkaf6 lgb]{zg u/]/ rnfpg ;lsg] /fp6/ 

ePsf]u'unsf]bfaL 5 . of]/fp6/df dfOs tyf /]l8of]l:ks/;'ljwf klg 

pknAw 5 . u'unsf] of] /fp6/ e/kbf]{, ;'/lIft, tLj| ult / c6'6 ¿kdf 

jfO{kmfO{ OG6/g]6 pknAw u/fpg ;kmn ePsf] bfaL ul/Psf] 5 . of] /fp6/df 

:df6{ ;km\6j]o/nf]8 ul/Psf]5 . of]/fp6/sf]dfWodaf6 

df]afOnem} Ps–csf{;Fu s'/fsfgL klg ug{ 

;lsG5 . of]/fp6/n]k|lt;]s]G8 # ;o 

d]ufjfO6;Dd 8f6f ;xh}pknAw 

u/fpF5 . xfnsf 

nflu of] /fp6/ 

cd]l/sf / 

Sofgf8fdf 

dfq 

pknAw 

x'g]5 . 

gof“ g]kfnL ;f];n ;fO6 

g]kfn 6]lnsdn] gof“ ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf ¿kdf ‘ld6’ ;~rfngdf NofPsf] 5 . 

xfn k|rlnt km];a's / l6\j6/h:t} 6]lnsdsf u|fxsn] gofF ;]jfsf ¿kdf o;sf] 

pkof]u ug{ ;S5g\ . klxn]b]lv g} k/LIf0fsf ¿kdf of] ;]jf pknAw eP klg clxn] 

Joj;flos ¿kdf o;sf]z'ef/De ul/Psf]xf]. ld6sf];xof]un]cIf/, tl:a/, 

cl8of]tyf lel8of]Ps–csf{;Fu ;]o/ug{ ;lsG5 . To;}u/L 6]lnsdsf ljleGg 

;]jfsf af/]df u|fxs;Fu cfjZos cGtlq{mof;d]t ug{ ;lsG5 . ld6n] ;]jfu|fxL 

/ 6]lnsdsf aLrdf ;fdflhs ;DaGw ljsf; ug]{ p2]Zo lnPsf] 5 . 6]lnsdn] 

o;nfO{ ld6 86g]6 86 PgkL 8f]d]g g]dsf ¿kdf btf{ u/]sf]5 eg]o;sf]a|fG8 

g]d ld6 /flvPsf] 

5 . c+u|]hL efiffdf 

ld6sf] cy{ e]6\g' x'g] 

/ ;a} oxL :yfgdf 

e]6 x'g] ePsfn] Ps 

k|sf/sf] Kn]6kmd{sf 

¿kdf o;nfO{ ljsf; 

ul/Psf] 6]lnsdn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . 

:jf:ydf gof“ kl/If0f 

j}1flgsx¿n]z/L/sf]s'g}klg efudf hDg]An8 Sn6 -/utsf]l9Ssf_ kQf nufpg ;Sg]k|ljlwsf] 

;kmn k/LIf0f u/]sf 5g\ . cd]l/sfsf]Dof;fRo';]6l:yt ;fj{hlgs c:ktfnsf 8fS6/x¿n]pQm ;kmn 

k/LIf0f d';fdf u/]sf lyP . g;fdf hDg] /utsf] l9Ssfn] Xbof3ft, dl:tis3ft vyjf kIff3ft x'g] 7"nf] 

vt/f x'G5 . clxn] ljsf; ul/Psf] gofF k|ljlwaf6 z/L/sf] h'g;'s} efudf /x] klg ;fgf] jf 7"nf] /utsf] 

l9SsfnfO{ hxfFsf] txL+ k]mnf kf/L ;dod} pkrf/ ug{ ;lsg]5 atfOG5 . = 

44 



{} 

 

n]v 

{ 

xfdL s]sf]:jfledfgL < 

k|]daxfb'/ zfxL 

g]kfnL xf}“ . xfdLnfO{ o;df 

cfTduf}/j 5 . xfd|f k"vf{x¿n] 

xfdL 

jL/tfk"j{s n8fO“ n8]/ljho 

xfl;n gu/]sf]eP cfh xfdL g]kfnL, xfd|f] 

b] z g] kfn /xg] lyPg . ;of} “sf] alnbfg 

/xhf/f}“sf]hLjg c∙e∙ u/]/arfPsf] 

b]z xf]. cfw'lgs xltof//tflnd k|fKt 

bIf eP/g]kfnL;“u o'4 ug{ cfPsf la|l6; 

;]gfnfO{ efnf, t/af/, 9'∙fd'9f k|xf/af6 

P]ltxfl;s ljho xfl;n u/L k'vf{n]/fi6«, 

/fli6«otf /:jfledfg hf]ufPsf x'g\ . Tolt 

a]nf ljb]zL;“u lg8/eP/gn8]sf]eP cfh 

oxf“ c∙|]hsf]/fh x'GYof]. o'4 ug{ g]kfn 

cfPsf tL la|l6; ;]gfn]g]kfnL;“u o'4 

ug{ g;sL cfgf]xf/:jLsf/u/L cGtt 

:jb]zd}kmls{of]. ljZjdf ToxL eP/xfdL 

g] kfnLnfO{ jL/ uf] vf{nL eg] / lrGg] ul/G5 . 

cem}klg cfgf]kl/ro lbg]a]nf 

gfd geg] / jL/ uf] vf{nL eGg] lalQs} ;a} 

xfonsfon x'G5g . To;}n]cfh xfd|f]/fi6«, 

/fli6«otf, :jtGqtf / :jfledfgsf] 7"nf] gf/f 

/ efif0f ug] { u5f} “, t/ clxn] sf] lk9Ln] /fi6«, 

/fli6«otf, :jtGqtfsf] ljifodf s] g} sfd 

u/] sf 5f} “ < ;w} k/fwLg eP/ nDk;f/sf] 

gLltnfO{ cfTd;ft ug]{, clg eGg]xfd|f] 

g]kfn, xfdL g]kfnL . b]zdf g]kfnsf] 

;+ljwfg @)&@ 3f]if0ff ul/of]t/To;sf] 

;kmn sfof{Gjog slxn]x'g]xf]cQf]kQf] 

5}g . ;+ljwfg 3f]if0ff ePsf]ef]lnkN6} 

dw]zjfbL bnx¿n];+ljwfgnfO{ hnfpg] 

sfd u/]. ;+ljwfgdf cfkm";“u ;/sf/n] 

u/] sf] ;Demf} tf ;dfj] z gePsf] eGb} ;bg 

5f]8L ;8s /f]hL of];+ljwfg d"n sfg'g 

xf]Og, s]jn tLg /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] 

3f] if0ff kq xf] egL cfGbf] ng ub} { cfO/x] sf 

5g\ . 

b]zdf ;+ljwfg hf/L ePkl5 ;a}n] 

zflGt ;'/Iffsf]k|Tofe"lt x'g]5 . xfdL 

:jtGqtfk"j{s hLjg lhpg kfpg]5f}“ . 

ljlwsf]zf;g :yfkgf x'g]5 . ca cfpg] 

lbgdf b]zn];f“Rr}sf“r'nL km]g]{ 5 . ;a}sf] 

d'vaf6 lgl:s/x] sf] af] nL xf] of] . o:t} o:t} 

nfvf} “ cfzfn] el/Psf] lyof] , g] kfnLx¿sf] 

dg, t/Tof]cfzf ;+ljwfg hf/L ePsf] 

ltg dlxgf lalt;Sbf klg cfd gful/sn] 

ljZjs};jf]{s[i6 /hgtfsf]hgk|ltlglwåf/f 

agfPsf];+ljwfg elg hlt km'lt{ nufP klg 

clxn] ;Dd gful/sn] b] zdf ;+ljwfg ePsf] 

cfefif ;d]t ug{ kfPsf 5}gg\ . 

b]znfO{ ;d[l4sf]af6f]df cl3 a9fpg 

/fHon]Pp6f nIo, p2]Zo ;lxtsf] 

lb3{sfnLg of]hgf agfpg' kb{5 . ;f]xL 

cg';f/sfd ub}{ cl3 al9of]eg]lglZrt g} 

;kmntfdf k'luG5 . t/g]kfndf clxn];Dd 

/fHon]7f]; ¿kdf gLlt lgdf{0f u/L 

b]zdf ;+ljwfg hf/L ePkl5 

;a}n] zflGt ;'/Iffsf] 

k|Tofe"lt x'g] 5 . xfdL 

:jtGqtfk"j{s hLjg lhpg 

kfpg] 5f}“ . ljlwsf] zf;g 

:yfkgf x'g] 5 . ca cfpg] 

lbgdf b]zn] ;f“Rr} sf“r'nL 

km]g]{ 5 . ;a}sf] d'vaf6 

lgl:s/x]sf] af]nL xf] of] . 

bL3{sfnLg of]hgf agfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . 

b]zdf ePsf o'jf hgzlQmnfO{ ;xL tl/sfn] 

kl/rfng ug{ ;s]sf]5}g . b]zsf]d]¿b08 

dflgg]o'jf cfgf]Kof/f]dft[e"ld 5f]8L 

ljb] lzg] u/] sf 5g . a] /f] huf/Ln] ubf{ ;s] 

j} wflgs, g;s] cj} wflgs tl/sfn] ljb] z 

hfg] sf] ;+Vof al9/x] sf] 5 . of] cj:yf s] xL 

jif{;Dd sfod /Xof]eg]b]z g}o'jfljxLg 

x'g]lglZrt 5 . 

s'n hg;++Vofsf]cfwf hg;+Vof clxn] 

ef/t nufot t];|f]d'n'sdf ljleGg sfdsf] 

vf]hLdf 5g . s]xL k9]n]v]sf dflg; cfgf] 

bIftf, Ifdtf /l;k cg';f/sfd /sfd 

cg';f/sf] kfl/>lds gx'“bf a] /f] huf/ 5g . 

/fHon]ljBfyL{sf nflu l;kd'ns Jofjxfl/s 

lzIff gLlt agfpg ;s]sf]5}g . lzlIft 

elgg] ju{x¿ cWoogsf] axfgf ub} ljb] zsf 

dx∙f sn]hdf nfvf}“ ¿k}of vr{ u/L lzIff 

xfl;n ul//x]sf 5g . k9fOsf]gfddf ;a} 

;DklQ ljb]zd}u'dfpg' k/]sf]5 . xfd|f] 

b]zdf cfkm";“u ePsf]a[l4 ljj]ssf]k|of]u 

ug{ vf]Hof]eg]To;nfO{ kfnusf];+1f lbg] 

ul/Psf]5 . cem}s'g 7Ls xf], s'g a]l7s 

xf]eGg];d]t 5'§fO{ lbg]dflg;sf]sdL 5 . 

lxdfn, kxf8, t/fO{;Dd s[lif 

pTkfbgsf] nflu pj{/ dflgg] v] taf/L 

jiff}“;Dd afemf 5g\ . 3/kl/jf/df ;w} 

l5d] sL;“u dfu] / hLjg u'hf/f rnfpg] 

k|rng a9]sf]5 . bz ¿k}of kg]{ pkef]Uo 

j:t'sf]d"No /ftf/ft a[l4 eO{ !% b]lv @% 

¿k}of;Dd k'u]sf]5 . b]ze/dx∙Ln]r'nL 

5f]Psf]5 . cfg}b]zdf pTkflbt j:t'nfO{ 

k|fyldstf glbO{ ljb]zaf6 cfoft u/]sf 

/∙L–r∙L pkef]Uo j:t'df lbg–k|ltlbg 

cfsif{s a9\bf]5 . d]l8 Og g]kfn n]v]sf] 

j:t'nfO{ /fd|f] x'“b} g / xfdLx¿n] Tof] :jb] zL 

pTkfbgnfO{ pkof]u ug{' x'“b}g eGg]v/fa 

dfgl;stf agfPsf 5f}“ . cGo b]zaf6 

cfot ul/Psf]:jfYosf nflu xflgsf/s jf 

ljleGg lsl;dsf /;fog ld;fPsf pkef]Uo 

j:t'x¿ pkef] u ul/x/] sf 5f} “ . ufp“3/sf 

hUuf sf}8Lsf]d"Nodf laqmL u/L ;x/df 

$÷% ld6/hUufnfO{ !)÷!% nfv ¿k}of 

xfNg]afgLsf]ljsf; ePsf]5 . kl5Nnf] 

;dodf dflg; ;x//;'ljwfd'vL alg/x]sf 

5g . b]zdf gLlt lgdf{0f tx;Dd k'u]sf 

eg]/lrlgg]x¿ ;w}cfgf]JolQmut :jfy{df 

dfq Wofg s]lGb|t 5g\ . cf“ugsf]kmf]x/b]lv 

/fHosf] gLlt lgdf{0f ;d] t c¿n] ul/lbG5g\ 

eGg]unt ;f]rsf]ljsf; ePsf]5 . b]zdf 

a9\b} uPsf] hg;+Vofn] a] /f] huf/ lbglbg} 

ylk“b} uPsf] 5 . ToxL a] /f] huf/L ;d:ofn] 

ubf{ b]zdf ljleGg k|sf/sf ljs[lt, lj;∙lt, 

xTof, lx+;f al9/x]sf 5g . :jb]zdf ePsf 

;|f] t;fwgsf] pTvgg\ u/L k|of] u ug{ /fHosf] 

slxNo}Wofg uPg . uof]t s]jn ;Qf 

/s';L{sf]dfq . b]z slt k/lge{/tfdf 

af“lr/x]sf]/x]5 eg]/cfg}cf“vf cufl8 

cfh 5n{∙ b]lvPsf]5 . 

;+ljwfg hf/L eP nuQ}dw]zdf 

eO/x] sf] cfGbf] ng / ef/tn] u/] sf] c3f] lift 

gfsfaGbLn] k/lge{/tfsf] ;SsnL ¿k 

b]vfO lbPsf]5 . glxlRsrfP/eGg]xf]eg] 

clxn] sf] of] cfGbf] ngn] b] z slt vf] qmf] 

ePsf] /x] 5 eg] / b] vfPsf] 5 . ;w} c¿sf] 

e/df kbf{ s] xfn x'bf] /x] 5 eg] / cg'ej 

a6'Ng] df} sf / Oltxf;b] lv cfhsf] lbg;Dd 

xfdL slt cfnfsf“rf /x]5f}“ eGg]ltg 

dlxgfd};a}g]kfnLn]kf7 l;s]sf 5g\ . 

clxn] sf] of] ;°6nfO{ ;a} n] uDeL/tfsf ;fy 

lnO{{ cfGtl/s 5nkmn, ;xdlt /;xsfo{sf] 

dfWodaf6 ;d:ofsf] ;dwfg u/L b] znfO{ 

lgsf; /ljsf;tkm{ cl3 a9\g cfjZos 

5 . 

g]kfn ax'hflt, ax';f+:s[lts, ef}uf]lns 

ljljwtf, ax'wfld{s ljzfn Ps l;∙f]g]kfn 

xf]. oxf“ kl5Nnf];dodf ljleGg pR5[+vn 

gf/f lbP/l;∙f]ljzfn b]znfO{ lr/flr/f 

ug{ k|of; ul/Psf]5 . o:tf]cj:yfdf 

b] zsf] cl:tTj g} ;dfKt x'g] ;Dejgf 

a9L 5 . /fHo kg;{+/rgf ubf{ t/fO{nfO{ 

kxf8;“u hf]8\g' gx'g]jf k"j{sf emfkf, df]/ª, 

;'g;/L / klZrdsf] s} nfnL, s~rgk'/nfO{ 

dw]zjf6 cnu ul/g' x'“b}g eGg]df clxn] 

7"nf]ljjfb 5 . ptf ef/tn]g]kfnk|lt 

c3f] lift gfsfaGbL u/] sf] 5 . b] ze/sf] 

hghLjg lbg–k|ltlbg si6s/aGb}uPsf] 

5 . o:tf]cj:yf s]xL lbg;Dd sfod} 

/Xof]eg]g]kfndf dfgjLo ;°6 cfpg] 

eGb}ljZjsf]Wofg cfh g]kfnlt/tflgPsf] 

5 . ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3n]k6s k6s g]kfndf 

dfgjLo ;°6 x'g ;Sg]eGb}tTsfn 

g] kfnk|lt ef/tn] u/] sf] gfsfaGbL x6fpg' 

kg] { elg/x] sf] 5 . 

b] zdf cg] sf} “ afxfgfafhL u/L hftLo 

/fHo, cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/ / :jfoQ 

Ps dw]z, Ps k|b]z, ax'/fi6«jfb, hftLo 

clwsf/, hGdsf] cfwf/df gful/stf, 

hg;+Vofsf] cfwf/df lgjf{rg If] q, cfGtl/s 

tyf afXo x:tk]If cflbsf sf/0f g]kfnLsf] 

klxrfg g};dfKt x'g]u/L ljleGg lsl;dsf 

sfd b]zdf ePsf 5g . cfgf dfux¿ 

/fHon] ;Daf] wg gu/] s} sf/0f dlxgf} “;Dd 

;8sdf cfO{ aGb–x8tfn eO/x]sf 5g\ . 

b] zsf] cy{tGqdf 7"nf] lu/fj6 cfO/x] sf] 

5 . b] zdf nfvf} “sf] /fh:j u'd] sf] 5 . 

ljleGg lsl;dsf ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfd 

yKk ePsf 5g\ . Aofkf/Joj;fo rf}k6 

ePsf] 5 . t/fO{df dw] zjfbLx¿n] rnfPsf] 

cfGbf] ngsf] prfO;Dd k'¥ofpg ef/t;“u 

u'xf/dfu]sf 5g\ . ToxL u'xf/nfO{ cfTd;ft 

ub} { ef/tn] Pp6f e"kl/j] li7t b] zdf ;+o'Qm 

/fi6« ;+3sf];lGw–;Demf}tf e'nL cfgf] 

:jfy{ ;lxt cfGbf]ngsf/LnfO{ sfvLdf RofkL 

c3f] lift gfsfaGbL u/] sf] 5 . o:tf] cj:yf 

slxn] ;Dd /xg] xf] < 

;fgf] ltgf] ;d:of k{of] ls ljb] zL ;Nnfx 

;'emfj rfOg]. clg ljb]zL x:tIf]knfO{ 

6'n'6'n x] /] / a:g' jfx] s c¿ s] g} ul/Psf] 

5 /< clxn]ef/tn]xfdL g]kfnLx¿sf] 

cf} sft slt /x] 5 eg] / ltg dlxgfd} b] vfO 

lbPsf]5 . h'g gf∙}, ef]s}a:g' kg]{ afWotf 

5 . ljZje/af6 g] kfnk|lt ef/tn] u/] sf] 

gfsfaGbLn]g]kfndf dfgj ;°6 cfpg] 

eGb} ubf{ clxn] ;Dd ;/sf/n] cf} krfl/s 

gfsfaGbL xf] eg] / eGg] ;d] t cf“6 ug] 

x}l;ot /fVg ;s]sf]5}g . emg\ pN6} 

ef/t;“u yy{/ sfd] / a:g' k/] sf] 5 . 

kl5Nnf] ;dodf b] zsf] cfGtl/s 

snxsf sf/0f klg /fli6«otf, :jtGqtf / 

:jfledfgdfly cf“r cfO/x] sf] 5 . ljb] zL 

3';k}7sf sf/0f b]z ;°6df 5 . of] 

;dodf b]zsf ;a}/fi6«jfbL, b]zeQm / 

cfd hgtfsf]pRr :t/sf];ts{tf tyf 

P]Soa4tf4f/f b]znfO{ arfpg cfTdlge{/tf 

agfpg ;lsof]eg]xfdL cfkm}:jfeLdfgL 

x'g]5f}“ . xf]Og eg]xfdL ;w}c¿sf]u'nfdL 

aGg]xf]eg]xfdL s]sf]:jfledfgL < ;fy} 

of] ;°6 eg] sf] k/lge{/tfaf6 cfTdlge{/tf 

aGg];a}eGbf 7"nf]cj;/xf]. olx ;dodf 

;a} n] AolQmut :jfy{eGbfdfly p7] / 

/fli6«otf, :jtGqtf /:jfledfg arfpg / 

b]znfO{ cfTdlge{/agfpg Psh'6 x'g ;Sof}“ 

eg]oxL g}dxfg\ sfd x'g]5 . = 


45

of]u hfgsf/L ÷ ;fwgf 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

+ 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

;+;f/ 5f]8\g vf]Hg]nfO{ xf]Og, ljrf/x¿ 5f]8\g 

vf]Hg]nfO{ g} ;Gof; elgG5 eg]/ hfGg] xf] ls < 

c?sf];'vdf cyjf c?jf6 k|fKt 

x'g] ;'vdf lge{/ /xg'nfO{ /fu 

elgG5 hj xfdL c?jf6 ;'v k|fKt 

ug{ sf] lzif ugf{;fy g} xfd|f] leqL r] tgfdf 

b'Mv cfpg yfNb5 olb xf] ;k"0f{ cj:yfdf 

o;nfO{ x] g{ hfg] df of] s'/f xfdLn] k|i6 ?kdf 

cg'ej ug{ ;Sb5f} + . To;} n] c?af6 ;'v lng 

vf] Hg' g} xfd|f] b'Mvsf] d"n sf/0f xf] . rfx] 

Tof] ;'v kltaf6, kTgLaf6, 5f] /f–5f] /L / 

dftf–lktfaf6 g} lsg gxf] ; . o;/L c?af6 

lng vf] lhPsf] ;'vaf6 g} xfdLnfO{ ljljw 

lsl;dsf b'Mvx¿n];tfpg yfNb5g\ . 

o;nfO{ g} /fu eGb5g\ . 

;Dk"0f{ ;'v cfkm" leq g} 5 eg] / hfGg' 

/ cg'ej ug{ ;Sg'nfO{ a} /fUo elgG5 . xfdL 

leq ePsf] ;'vnfO{ k|sflzt ug{ xf] ;k"0f{ 

cj:yfdf a:g] ljlw hfGg' kb{5 . olb aflx/ 

;'v vf]Hg yfn]df xfd|f]dg e8\sG5 . To;}n] 

xfdL leq ePsf];'v k|sflzt ug{ cfkm\g} 

pGgtL–k|ultsf pkfox¿ vf] lh/xg' kb{5, 

dgsf] dflns alg/fVg' kb{5 . hLjgsf] 

vfln lstfadf uLtx¿ dfq n]Vg' kb{5 

tj g} xfdL leqsf] /; / ;'v k|sflzt 

x'g k'Ub5 . cGoyf h;/L s's'/n] ;'s] sf] 

x08Laf6 /ut lkpFb5 o;sf]cy{ xf]hj 

s's'/n];'s]sf]x08L 6f]Sg yfNb5 tj ToxL 

x08Ln]p;sf]d'vdf 3fpx¿ agfp“b5 / 

p;} sf] d'vaf6 /ut cfpg yfNb5, Tof] 

/utnfO{ b]v]kl5 s's'/To; x08LnfO{ cem 

a9L hf]8;“u rjfpg yfNb5 lsgsL cfkm\g} 

/utsf]sf/0f p;n]x08Ldf :jfb ePsf] 

dxz'; ub{5 . o;/L c?af6 ;'v lng 

sf]lz; ug'{ eg]sf]s]jn ;'s]sf]x08Laf6 

/ut lkpg vf] Hg' h:tf] dfq xf] . To;} n] 

;Dk"0f{ /; / ;Dk"0f{ ;'v xfdL leq} 5 . o;/L 

cf“km" leq ePsf] /; / ;'v k|sflzt ug{ 

hfGg' / cg'ej ug'{nfO{ g} a} /fUo elgG5 . 

xfdLn] h'g a} /fUosf] cy{ a'em] sf 5f} + Tof] k"0f{ 

?kdf unt 5 . a} /fUo eg] sf] 3/ kl/jf/ 

;dfhnfO{ 5f]8\g dgdf lbUbf/L kg dfq x'g, 

pbf; eO/xg', ;+;f/b] lv lbSs nfUg' cflb 

cflb a} /fUosf k"0f{ ?kdf unt cy{x¿ / 

kl/efiffx¿ x'g\ . a} /fUo pTkGg x'g yfn] kl5 

dfgj dxfdfgj x'g k'Ub5 . a} /fUo pTkGg 

x'g yfn] kl5 dfgjnfO{ s'g} b'Mv / ;'vn] 5'g 

;Sb} g . ;f+;fl/s ;Ddfg / c;Ddfgn] c;/ 

g} kfb} {g . s'g} ho jf k/fhon] k|efj g} kfg{ 

;Sb}g . a}/fUoaf6 g}JolQm wfld{s cyjf 

j} 1flgs x'g k'Ub5 . To;} n] a} /fUosf] ;xL 

cy{ hfGb} o;nfO{ hLjgdf ptfg] { cEof; u/f} 

h;n] xfdLnfO{ dxfTdf agfp“b5 a} /fUosf] 

cEof;nfO{ g} of] u, Wofg, ;dfwL elgG5 . 

/fujfnf JoflQm slxNo};+Gtf]if x'“b}gg\ eg] 

a}/fUojfnf JolQm ;bf ;Gtf]ifL x'G5g\ . 

;kmn x'gsf] nflu rflxg] u'0fx¿ 

;d:ofk|lt slQ klg g8/fpg]x/ 

lrhsf] ;|f] t d cf“km} xf] eg] / 7fGg] x¿ . ;kmn 

x'g]JolQmx¿n]s;}nfO{ zq' agfp“b} gg\ / 

cf“km"nfO{ rf] 6 lbg] nfO{ Ifdf ub{5g\ . cfkm\gf] 

hLjgnfO{ lgoddf ;+rfng ub{5g\. h:t} ;'Tg] 

p7\g] , vfglkg d] x] gt ug] { cf/fd ug] { Pp6f 

lglZrt ;do agfp“b5g\ . ToxL ;dodf 

46 

ToxL sfo{x¿ dfq ub{5 . cfkm\gf]lgodnfO{ 

slQklg ljufb} {gg\ . cf“km"nfO{ rflxg] eGbf c? 

s'/fsf] ljrf/ g} ub} {gg\ . cfkm\gf] sfddf k"0f{ 

?kdf lj:j:t x'G5g\ . pgLx¿sf]d'8 slxNo} 

klg v/fa b] lvb} g . k|flKtk|lt c? s;} nfO{ 

s[t1tf bzf{p“b5g\. pgLx¿sf]p2]Zo 7f]; 

Pj+ d"t{ x'G5 . c;kmn eOPnfsL eg]/ 

slQklg 8/ln+b}gg\ . x/]s ;d:ofx¿ af6 

l;Sb5g\ . ;d:ofx¿nfO{ g} zf:q Pj+ lzIfs 

7fGb5g\ . 7"n7"nf ljrf/ug]{ cf“6 ub{5g\. 

;d:ofx¿af6 efUg vf] Hb} gg\ . ;d:of hlt 

7"nf] x'G5 ;kmntfsf] cj;/ klg Tolt g} 7"nf] 

b] Vb5g\ . ldqL dgb] lv h] ug{ dg nfUb5 

To;} nfO{ dfq cfkm\gf] sd{ agfp+b5g\ . cfkm\gf 

jl/k/L h] s'/fx¿ 5g\ ToL ;a} df ckf/ zlQm 

b] Vb5g\ . c?n] gu/] sf] sfd ug{ ?rfp“b5g\ . 

c?eGbf km/s x'g] cf“6 ub{5g\ . Pp6} dfq 

s'/fdf cyjf zf:qdf e/ kb} {gg\ . ;f/f 

zlQmsf] ;|f] t cf“km} ePsf] x'gfn] cf“km'nfO{ g} 

dha't agfpg] sfo{df nflu/xG5g\ . cfkm\g} 

cf} sft cg';f/sf] hLjgz} nL cKgfp“b5g\ 

/ ;Dk"0f{ lrh cf“km"df g} s] lGb|t ub{5g\ . 

s'g} klg sfo{sf] of] hgf agfp“b} of] hgf cg';f/ 

g} cf“km"nfO{ ;~rfng ub{5g\. cfkm\gf] 1fg 

u'0fsf] ljsf; lg/Gt/ hf/L /fVb5g\ . s'g} klg 

sfo{ ug{ eGbf klxnf Psk6s d[To'nfO{ :d/0f 

ub{5g\ . oL cflb ljwL u'0fx¿ ;kmn x'g] 

JolQmx¿df kfOG5g\ . 

l7Ss vfnsf JolQmdf x'g] u'0fx¿ 

o:tf JolQmx¿n];'vsf];|f]t c? 

dfG5] df jf kl/l:yltdf b] Vb5g\ . kl/jf/nfO{ 

Ifdf lbPklg c?nfO{ Ifdf lb“b}gg\ . sfddf 

eGbf sNkgfdf a9L ljZjf; ub{5g\ . ;–;fgf 

s'/fx¿df dfq ljrf/ s] lGb|t ub{5g\ . cf“km" 

/ kl/jf/ wfGgsf] nflu dfq sd{ ub{5g\ . 

w] /} kfpg] df z+sf / yf] /} kfpg] df 9'Ss 

JoflQm eO{ Jojxf/ub{5g\ . sfddf eGbf 

a9L dgf] /~hgdf em'Nb5g\ . cf“km";“u ePsf] 

s'/fdf lvGg x'G5g\ / gePsf] s'/fdfly 

b+u kb{5g\ . k/Dk/fut rl/qdf l;ldt x'g 



vf]Hb5g\ . ;fgf;fgf /k/Dk/fut s'g}8/ 

dfGb}gg\ t/gof“ s'/fdf c;kmn x'g]8/ 

lnO/xG5g\ . ;–;fgf k|lts'n kl/l:yltnfO{ 

t ;fdfgf ub{5g\ t/ 7"nf kl/:yltaf6 efUg 

vf] Hb5g\ . leqL dgn] vfPsf] s'/f eGbf 

;dfhn] b] vfPsf] sfd ug{ vf] Hb5g\ . cfkm\gf 

kl/jf/sf yf] /} s'/fdf zlQm / w] /} s'/fdf 

ljklQ b] Vb5g\ . gof“ sfddf hf] lvd b] Vb5g\ . 

c? h:tf] aGg dfq vf] Hb5g\ . c?dfly 

e/kg]{ vfn]x'G5g\ . c?sf]rfs8Ldf dfq 

nfUb5g\ . cfkm\gf] cf} sfteGbf a9L km"lt{ 

ub{5g\ . hLjgsf] s'g} of] hgf x'“b} g . sfd 

gePsf] lbgdf /fte/L / lbge/L ;'Tg] / sfd 

kfPsf]v08df /fte/L /lbge/L klg ug]{ 

vfnsf x'G5g\ . 1fgu'0f eGbf dgf] /~hgsf] 

df} sf vf] Hb5g\ . oL cflb u'0fx¿ l7Ss 

vfnsf JolQmx¿df kfOG5g\ . 

bl/b| x'g]JolQmx¿df kfOg] 

u'0fx¿ 

o:tf dflg;x¿ k"0f{?kdf ;d:ofd'vL 

x'G5g\ . ;a} ;“u abnfsf] efjdfq /fVb5g\ . 

cf“km';“u ePsf s'/fx¿nfO{ Jojl:yt kfg{ 

hfGb} gg\ . sd{ ub} {gg\ s] jn sNkgfdf dfq 

al;/xG5g\ . grflxg] s'/fx¿df dfq ljrf/ 

s]lGb|t ul//xG5g\ . nIo /fv]/lx+8\g' kb{5 

eGg] s'/fdf pgLx¿nfO{ ljZjf; g} x'“b} g . 

d'8 v/fa x'g'nfO{ k|fs[lts cj:yf 7fgL 

s] xLklg ub} {gg\ . x/] s s'/fx¿df lvGgtf 

dfq pTkGg ub{5g\ /k"0f{ ?kdf clN5 

x'G5g\ . cf“km" leqsf] zlQmnfO{ jf:tf g} 

ub} {gg\ . lgwf{l/t ;doeGbf hlxn] klg kl5 

g}x'G5g\ . x/sfo{df c;kmn eOG5 ls 

eg] / s'g} sfo{ g} ub} {gg\ . ;a} vfn] k|lts"n 

kl/l:yltaf6 efUg vf] Hb5g\ . cfkm\gf] leqL 

dgaf6 cfPsf] s'/fdfly g} z+sf ub{5g\ . 

cfkm\gf jl/k/L h] 5g\ tL ;a} s'/fdf 

ljklQsf] ;Defjgf b] Vb5g\ . x/] s sfddf 

hf] lvd b] Vb5g\ g cf“km"h:tf] g c?h:tf] 

d s:tf] 5' eGg] s'/fdf g} cndndf e} 

/xG5g\ . sfd k"/f gub}}{ 5f]8\g vf]Hb5g\ . 

;Dk"0f{ bf] if c?dfly y'kfb{5g\ . s'g} Pp6} 

sfddf l:y/ x'“b} gg\ . cf“km"g} zlQmsf] ;|f] t 

xf] eGg] s'/f hfGb} gg\ . cefjdf dfq Wofg 

s] lGb|t ub{5g\ . h] k|fKt x'G5 Tof] ls Ps} 

k6sdf ;dfKt kfl/lbG5g\ ls arfP/ dfq 

/fVb5g\ . cfkm\gf] 1fg u'0fsf] ljsf;eGbf 

c?sf]lgGbf rrf{df dfq ;do ljtfp“b5g\ . 

oL cflb u'0fx¿ bl/b| x'g]JolQmx¿df 

kfOG5 . 

hflu/ gkfPsf] emf] +sdf hut g} 

xNnfOlbP 

sfndfS;{ ;fg} b] lv h] x] Gbf/ ljBfyL{ 

lyP / pgsf] ?lr bz{gzf:qdf lyof] eg] 

pgsf lktf pgnfO{ jlsn agfpg rfxGy]. 

dfS;{–bz{g zf:qdf ljBfjfl/wL u/] kl5 

ljZjljBfnosf] k|f] km] ;/ aGg rfxGy] t/ 

pgn] lgs} k|of; ubf{klg hflu/ kfpg 

;s] gg\ . oxL c;kmntf g} pgsf] ;kmn 

lhGbuLsf] b} nf] aGof] . hflu/ gkfPkl5 o; 

gs/fTds 36gfsf] ;b'kof] u u/L pgn] 

;drf/kqdf sfd u/]/!*$@ df cfkm\g} 

;DkfbsTjdf /fOg ;drf/ cvjf/ lgsfn] . 

cvjf/ lgs} rNof] . of] qmflGtsf/L klqsf 

ePsfn] o; klqsfnfO{ ;/sf/n] aGb 

u/\of] . km] /L csf] { gs/fTds 36gf 36\of] . 

of] gs/fTds 36gfnfO{ klg pkof] u ub} { 

!*$^ lt/a|';]N; uO{ cy{zf:qsf]cWoogdf 

;do ljtfP . s'g} klg gs/fTds 36gf 

36\gf;fy To; 36gfsf];fy 8'lj/xg] 

xf] Og t'?Gt csf] { pkfo vf] lh xfNg' kb{5 of] 

g};kmntfsf]nIf0f xf]. !*$^ df pgn] 

sDo'lgi6 lnu vf]n]. To;sf]b'O{ jif{ k5fl8 

g} sDo'lgi6 3f] if0ff kq k|sflzt u/] . of] 

3f] if0ffkq olt zlQmzfln lyof] sL h;n] 

k|mfG;df 7"nf] qmlGtnfO{ hGdfof] / ;kmn x'g 

k'Uof] . k|mfG;df dfq o;sf] k|efj gk/L ;f/f 

hute/L g} o; 3f] if0fkqsf] k|efj k/\of] 

h;n] hut g} xNnfOlbof] . 

dfS;{sf] cWof/f] kIf lyof] pgL cfkm\gf] 

z/L/nfO{ Tolt Wofg lb+b} g lyP . pgL k|foM 

/ftdf lgs} ca] / ;'Tg] / ljxfg 9Lnf] p7\g] 

ub{y]. pgL Pp6f w'd|kfg ;dfKt x'gf;fy 

csf] { w'd|kfg ul/xfNy] h;sf] kl/0ffd :j?k 

pgL nfdf];do;Dd cfkm\gf]cfo';Dd af“Rg 

;kmn ePgg\ /!(*# dfr{ !^ df pgsf] 

d[To' eof]. 

To;} n] ;d:of ;d:of xf] Og ;d:ofnfO{ 

x] g] { tl/sf g} ;d:of xf] lsgsL l5kl5k] 

kfgLn]s;}nfO{ kf}8L v]Ng l;sfp“b}g . 7Ls 

o:t} olb Wofg k|flKtsf] nflu jf 1fg k|flKtsf] 

nflu ;+;f/5f]8\g' kb}{g . ;+;f/df g}/x]/ 

;+;f/af6 cnu x'g' kb{5 . sd{ ul//xg' 

kb{5 t/ stf{sf] efj :jtM x6\g' kb{5 . 

h:t} ;] S;df sd{ t x'G5 t/ stf{ efj :jtM 

;dfKt x'G5 . stf{sf] efj x6fpgsf] nflu 

s'g} kl/>d ug'{ kb} {g . 7Ls o:t} Wofgdf klg 

sd{ eO/xG5 cyf{t bi6«fsf] efj eO/xG5 t/ 

stf{sf] efj :jtM x6] sf] x'g' kb{5, ;] S;df 

h:t} tj g} jf:tljs Wofg jf ;Gof; kmlnt 

x'g k'Ub5 . = 

– pQd/fh kl08t 

cf;g, k|f0ffofd Pj+ Wofg k|rf/s


47

g]kfn alnp8÷xlnp8 ultljlw 

 

 

 

 

cleogdf klg ufuf 

&@ cf}+ uf]N8]g Unf]a k'/:sf/;df/f]xdf ;j{>]i7 

cleg]qLsf]Pjf8{ xfl;n u/]kl5 n]8L ufuf k|km'lNnt x'g'sf 

;fy} PsfPs efj's klg eOg\ . clego sl/o/df klxnf] 

k'/:sf/xfl;n u/]sfn]klg pgL b+u lyOg\ . 6]ln>[+vnf 

‘cd]l/sg x//:6f]/LM xf]6n’ sf]zLif{ e"ldsfdf pTs[i6 clego 

u/]sf] eGb} pgnfO{ ;j{>]i7 gflosfsf] pkflw k|bfg ul/Psf] 

xf] . ‘dnfO{ clxn] hf]g k]l6«ssf] lkmNd d'g:6«ssf] r]/ x'F h:tf] 

nflu/x]sf] 5, d]/f] hLjgsf] ;jf{lws dxTjk'0f{ kndWo]sf] 

Ps xf]of]If0f, n]8L ufufn]eg]sL l5g\– ‘d}n]sfdsf];xL 

d"Nofs+g ePsf] dx;'; u/]sL 5', ;a}k|lt cfef/L 5' .’ ;w}+ 

cGt/+u kl/wfgdf b]lvg] ufuf o;k6s eg] sfnf] /+usf] 

;fwf/0f klx/gdf lyOg\ . 

;gLn] dflug\ dflkm 

>4f / 

km/xfgsf] 

;DaGw 

alnp8df ljjflxt k'?if 

tyf cljjflxt gflosfaLr 

ckm]o/ x'g'nfO{ ;fdfGo dfGg 

yflnPsf] 5 . olta]nf gflosf 

>4f sk"/tyf cleg]tf 

km/xfg cVt/aLr k|]d ;DaGw 

ePsf] rrf{ rn]sf] 5 . of] 

rrf{ olta]nf cem al9 ;To ;fljt ePsf] 5, ha km/xfg / 

pgsL >LdtL cw'gfaLr l8ef];{ ePsf]5 . km/xfg />4fsf] 

;DaGws} sf/0f km/xfgsL >LdtL cw'gfn] >Ldfg\nfO{ Tofu]sf] 

atfOG5 . kl5Nnf];do >4f /km/xfg ‘/scg–@’ df ;+u}sfd 

ul//x]sf 5g\ . 

alnp8df olta]nf b'O{ ‘;gL’ rrf{df 5g\ . Ps x'g\ cleg]qL ;gL lnof]g clg csf{ 

x'g\ cleg] tf ;gL b] cf] n . b'a} sf gfd ‘sdg’ ePsfn] ef/tLo bz{sx¿n] pgLx¿sf] 

gfddf y'k|} r'6\lsnfx¿ agfO/x] sf 5g\ . kl5Nnf] ;do oL b'a} ;gLsf Ps–Ps j6f 

gof“ lkmNd k|bz{g x'“b} 5g\ . hgj/L @( df ;gL lnof] gsf] ‘d:tLhfb]’ tyf km] a|'c/L ^ 

df ‘3fon jG; cu] g’ k|bz{g x'“b} 5g\ . o;} aLr ;gL lnof] gn] xfn} Pp6f ;fj{hlgs 

;df/f] xdf ;gL b] cf] n;+u dfkmL dfu] sL l5g\ . cfkm\gf] gfd;+u ;gL b] cf] nsf] gfd 

ldn] sf] k|;+udf cfwfl/t tNnf] :t/Lo r'6\lsnf 

aGg yfn] sf] df ;gL lnof] gn] ;gL b] cf] n;Fu dfkmL 

dfu] sL x'g\ . jf:tjdf To:tf r'6\lsnf aGg'sf] 

k5fl8 ;gL lnof]gsf]kf]g{ :6f/5ljn]sfd 

u/] sf sf/0f pgn] b] cf] n;+u dfkmL dfu] sL 

x'g\ . 

cl;g ca 

ljjflxt 

alnp8 cleg]qL cl;g j}jflxs hLjgdf af“lwPsL l5g\ . 

clwsf+z alnp8 cleg]qL em}+ cl;gn]klg wgf8\o JolQmnfO{ 

>Ldfg\ agfPsL x'g\ . ‘uhgL’ lkmNddfkm{t alnp8df 8]Ao" ug]{ 

cl;gn]dfOqmf]DofS;sf sf]–kmfpG8//fx'n zdf{nfO{ hLjg;fyL 

agfPsL x'g\ . pgLx¿n] gofF lbNnLsf] nUh/L xf] 6n b"lift 

b] j/fgdf lxGb' tyf lqml:rog b'j} k/Dk/f cg';f/ ljjfx u/] / 

bfDkTo hLjg yfn] sf x'g\ . @ jif{sf] ckm] o/nfO{ pgLx¿n] 

ljjfxdf kl/0ft u/] sf x'g\ . 

b+u l5g\ lrqf+ubf 

alnp8df ;ndfg vfg hlQsf ;xof]uL snfsf/ 

e]6\g d'lZsn k5{ . afnaflnsfb]lv a[4–a[4f;DdnfO{ 

pgL ;xof]u k'¥ofO/xG5g\ . y'k|} cleg]qLx¿sf] sl/o/ 

agfpgdf ;d]t ;ndfg vfgsf] ljz]if e"ldsf 5 . 

olta]nf gflosf lrqf+ubf l;+x ;ndfg vfgsf] gh/df 

k/]sL l5g\ . /fd|f lkmNdsf] cefjdf sl/o/nfO{ ult lbg 

c;kmn /x]sL lrqf+ubfnfO{ ;ndfgn] xfn} cfkm\gf 

tLg j6f k'/fgf k]lG6ª ;d]t pkxf/ lbPsf 5g\ . 

lrqf+ubfn]tL k]lG6ªx¿ cfkm\gf]a]8?ddf 

;hfpg] 3f]if0ff ul/;s]sL l5g\ . cfufdL 

lbgdf lrq+ubfn] s'g} 7"nf] Aofg/sf] 

lkmNd kfOg\ eg] s;}n] klg 

crDd gdfg] x'G5 . 

k"gdsf] ue{ktg < 

k|foM rrf{df cfO/xg]ef/tLo df]8n k"gd 

kf08]olta]nf k'gM rrf{df l5g\ . o;k6s 

k"gdn] ue{ktg u/fPsf] ;dfrf/n] ef/tLo 

;~rf/dfWoddf :yfg kfPsf x'g\ . k"gdn] 

d'DaO{sf] Ps c:ktfndf uP/ s;}nfO{ yfx} glbO 

ue{ktg u/fPsf];dfrf/OlG8of 86sdn] 

k|sflzt u/]kl5 of] ljifon] rrf{ kfPsf] xf] . 

;dfrf/df c:ktfnaf6 l8:rfh{ eP/k"gd 

3/d} cf/fd ul//x]sf] tyf k|;"lt;Fu ;DalGwt 

lrlsT;s;Fu lgoldt ;Dks{df /x]sf] pNn]v 

5 . ;dfrf/ ;fj{hlgs x'g] lalQs} k"gd To;sf] 

v08g ub}{ ldl8ofdf cfPsf s'/f ckmjfx ePsf] 

bfjL u/]sL l5g\ . cfkm" c:ktfndf ePsf] elgPsf] 

;dodf 5fof+sgdf Jo:t ePsf]k"gdsf]bfjL 5 . 

48 



cGtjf{tf{ 

 

 

 

 

æ;dfh;]jf clg snf / ;+:s[ltsf] 

;+/If0fdf ;'htf s]=;L=sf] cu|;/tfÆ 

snf ;+:s[lt xfd|f] klxrfg xf] . xfd|f] lrgf/L xf] . h;n] xfdLnfO{ /fli6«o tyf cGt/fli6«o 

hutdf df}lns klxrfg lbG5 . jt{dfg ;dodf xfd|f snf ;+:s[ltdf kfZrfTo ;+:s[ltsf] w]/} 

k|efj k/]sf] 5 o;s]f lgoGq0f u/L snf / ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f ug'{ xfdL ;a}sf] st{Jo x'g 

cfp“5 . 

lgM:jfy{ efjgfn] c;xfo czQmsf] ;]jfdf ;dlk{t x'g' ;dfh ;]jf xf] . ;dfh ;]jfn] 

b]z lgdf{0fdf Pp6f O“6fsf] sfd u5{ . ;Qf / zlQmsf] ;]/f]km]/f]df dfq b]zsf] ;]jf x'“b}g b]zsf] 

;]jfsf nflu OdfGbfl/tf nuglzntf lgM:jfy{ efjgf / st{Jok/fo0ftf rflxG5 . o:tf 

u'0faf6 ;'–;lHht eO{ cf–cfkm\gf]e"ldsf lgjf{x ubf{ b]z ljsf;df cxd\ e"ldsf v]N5 . 

xfd|f] b]zdf ljleGg If]qdf ;+nUg eP/ cfkm\gf] snf sf}zn / ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f ug{], 

bLg b'MvL c;xfox¿sf] nflu ;fxf/f aGg] ljzfn x[bo ePsf ;dfh;]jL / ;+:s[ltsf w/f]x/ 

k|z:t 5g\ . tL dWo]sf] Ps x'g\ ;'htf s]=;L= . ci6«]lnofsf] l;+8\gLnfO{ sd{ynf]sf] ?kdf 

/f]hL, af“sL /x]sf] ;dodf ;f] :yfgdf x'g] snf, ufog If]qsf ;f“:s[lts sfo{qmddf xl;nf] 

d'xf/ / ;'l/nf] :j/sf] ;fydf ;xefuL alG5g\ . nf]s ufogsf] df]x / ;dfh ;]jf cfkm\gf] 

p2]Zo atfpg] ;'htf s]=;L=;“u ;fdflhs ;b\efj, /fhg}lts r]tgf, sd{df ljZjf; / ;]jfdf 

;dlk{t h:tf u'0fx¿ 5g\ . ef]hk'/ s'n'ª sfDn]6f/df hGd lnPsL pgL ufp“3/ psfnL 

cf]/fnL clg e~Hofª rf}tf/Lsf nf]sefsfsL kf/vL klg x'g\ . kmn:j?k ;g\ !(*( df pgL 

/]l8of] g]kfndf snf / ;+:s[ltsf] cg'/fuL aGb} nf]s uflosfsf] ?kdf k|j]z ul/g, efUo 

clg sd{sf] nx/df nxl/b} ci6«]lnof cfOk'u]sL ;'htf s]=;L=n] snf / ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0fsf] 

vflt/ ;g\ @))* df cfkm}+ ;+:yfks cWoIf eO{ …g]kfnL snf ;+:s[lt k|lti7fgÚ – ci6]«lnofsf] 

:yfkgf ul/g\ eg] ;fdflhs sNof0fsf vflt/ ;g\ @)!# klg cfkm} ;+:yfks cWoIf eO{ 

;+:yfsf] :yfkgf ul/g\ . hd'gf kf}8]n, e"if0f /f]Ssf ;fy} cGo ;fyLx¿sf] 7"nf] ;xof]u /x]sf] 

s'/f xfdLnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPsL lyOg\ . o;/L cfkm\gf] JolQmut hLjgsf] Joj:ttf;“u 

;fdflhs If]qsf ax'cfofddf cfkm"nfO{ ;lqmo agfpg] ;'htf NRN df ;b:o /x]sL 5g\ eg], 

Association for Blind ;+:yfdf :jo+;]jssf] e"ldsfdf lqmofzLn /x]sL l5g\ . cfkm"nfO{ 

snf / ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f clg ;dfh ;]jfsf] wf/df pEofPsL ;'htf s]=;L=;“u ‘b g]kfnL 

6fOD; ci6«]lnof’sf] tkm{jf6 zflGt kf}8]nn] u/]sf] s'/fsfgLM 

cfh ef]ln s] df Jo:t x'g'x'G5 < 

Association for Blind sf] ;xof] ufy{ 

g]kfnL snf ;+:s[lt k|lti7fg–ci6]«]lnofsf] 

k|:t'tL wdfsf ;f“emfsf]tof/Ldf g}Jo:t 5' . 

km] a|'c/L @) df of] sfo{qmd x'g uO/x] sf] 5 . 

/ o;df xfd|f snfsf/ afbn k|;f{O / k|fy{gf 

zfSosf] k|:t'lt /x] sf] 5 . 

of] Association for Blind eGg] ;+:yf 

s:tf] ;+:yf xf] < 

of];+:yf g]kfndf /x]sf b[li6 lalxg 

aRrfx¿sf]JolQmTj ljsf; /;Lk ljsf;df 

;xof] u u/L pgLx¿sf] hLjg:t/ psf:g] 

p2]Zon]vf]lnPsf];+:yf xf]. h'g afnaRrf 

b[li6ljlxg 5g\, ul/a 5g\ ltgLx¿n] 

cfwf/e"t cfjZostf cfk"lt{ ug{] ;xof] u o; 

;+:yfn] u5{ . 

g] kfndf of] ;+:yfaf6 nfeflGjt afnaflnsf 

slt 5g\ < 

xfdLn];/:jtLdf df=lj= !* hgf 

afnaflnsf h'g b[li6lalxg 5g\ . pgLx¿sf] 

nflu ;xof] u u/] sf 5f} + . kf] v/fdf klg s] xL 

afnaflnsfnfO{ xfdLn] ;xof] u u/] sf 5f} + . 

tkfO{sf] ;+:yfaf6 tL afnaflnsfsfn] s] 

;xof] u kfPsf 5g\ < 

xfdLn] pgLx¿nfO{ gub / lhG;L ;fdfg 

lbPsf 5f} + . 

clg gub lhG;L ;xof] u ug{] vr{ /sd 

s;/L h'6fpg'x'G5 < 

vr{ Joj:yfkg ug{ ;lhnf]5÷5}g . 

t/ klg d;Fu w] /} ;xof] uL dgx¿sf] ;fy 

5 . log};xof]uL ;fyLefO pBf]u Joj;foL, 

Jofkf/L dfem Coin Box /flv rGbf ;ª\sng 

u/] / clg wdsf ;f“emaf6 p7] sf] /sd 

g} clxn] ;Dds] f cy{ ;ª\sngsf] cfwf/ 

xf] . xfdLn] jif{sf] Ps k6s wdsf ;f“em 

u5f}+ . To;df @))(÷!) df ;ª\slnt 

?= !)))))÷– -cIf/] kL Ps nv ?k} ofF 

dfq_ d]/}cWoIftfdf kf]v/fsf b[li6«ljlxg 

afnaflnsfnfO{ x:tfGt/0f u¥of} + . km] /L 

@)!!÷!@ df klg hfgsL kf}8]n hLsf] 

;+of] hsTjdf ;ª\slnt ?= !)))))÷– 

-cIf/] kL Ps nv ?k} ofF dfq_ kf] v/fsf 

b[li6ljlxg afnaflnsfs}nflu xfdL 

ljBfnodf x:tfGt/0f u¥of} + . 

ci6«] lnofdf a:g] lbbLalxgL bfh'efO, 

pBf]u Joj;foLaf6 Coin Box df / 

$,)))))÷– -cIf/] kL rf/ nfv ?k} of 

dfq_ hDdf ePsf] lyof] . Tof] /sd xfdL 

;/:jtL df=lj= OF§fe§fsf !* hgf 

afnaflnsfx¿sf] nflu k|bfg u¥of} + . h;df 

*) xhf//sd a/fa/afnaflnsfnfO{ 

g} ahf/df nu] / cfjZos lhG;L ;fdfg 

lsGof} + eg] #,@),)))÷– -cIf/] kL tLg nfv 

jL;xhf/ ?k} ofF dfq_ rflxF xfdLn] gub 

g} x:tfGt/0f u/] sf 5f} . To:t} u/L NRN 

sf cWoIf /fh] Gb| dxQf] n] ;/:jtL df=lj=sf 

afnaflnsfsf nflu !) j6f Anfªs] 6 

lbg'ePsf] lyof] . ;a} sf] ;xof] uaf6 g} cy{ 

h'6fPsf 5f} + < 

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Mercier). 

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cfkm\gf] cf}krfl/s lzIff Pp6f 

k|df0fkqsf]sf/0fn]cufl8 a9fpg 

gkfPkl5 Toltv]/ rln/x]sf] dfcf]jfbL 

hgo'4k|lt cfslif{t eP/nfu]Tot}lt/. 

/fwf kf}8]n cfkm\gf]cf}krfl/s lzIff 

xf“l;n ul/;s]kl5 cf“km" ;fgf] x'“bf cfkm\gf] 

afa';“usf] ;+jfbaf6 k|]l/t eP/ b"u{d ufp“ 

h'Dnfsf]vn∙fdf sfd ug{ hflG5g\ / 

Toxf“ w]/} /fd|f] sfd u/]sL l5g\ / ul//x]sL 

l5g\ . afa';“usf] ;Dafb 

/fwf – æaf xfdL ul/j 5f}+ x}

+ 

 

 

 

Unf]an Pgcf/Pg 

g]kfnLnfO{ 8]gdfs{ ufx|f] 

8]gdfs{ ;/sf/n] 

cWofudg;DawL kl/jlt{t lgodn] 

nfvf} + vr{ u/] / cWoog ul//x] sf 

g] kfnLnfO{ Toxf“sf] k9fO{ aLrd} 

5f]8\g afWo kf/]sf]5 . clt dx+uf] 

a;fO tyf cWoogkl5 xftnfUof] 

;'Go x'g] kl/l:ylt l;h{gf ePkl5 

8]gdfs{sf]a;fO, ev{/}cfPsf 

g] kfnLnfO{ lgNg' g cf] sNg' h:tf] 

ePsf] xf] . o;} aLr u} /cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnL ;+3 8]gdfs{n]8]gdfs{df 

kl/jt{g ePsf] cWofudg tyf sfg'gL ;d:ofsf af/] df k/fdz{ tyf cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd 

;DkGg u/]sf]5 . 8]gdfs{df al;/]sf g]kfnL ljBfyL{, u|Lgsf8{ /cGo leiffdf al;/x]sf 

g]kfnLx¿n]ef]Ug' k/]sf c8\rg tyf ;d:ofsf af/]df sfg'g Joj;foL;Fu lgMz'Ns 

k/fdz{ sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf]xf]. ut l8;]Da/!) b]lv nfu" x'g]u/L 8]lg; ;/sf/n] 

cfk|jf;L;DaGwL lgod kl/jt{g u/] sf] 5 . h;cg';f/ ljBfyL{nfO{ % jif] { cWoog tyf 

efiff;DaGwL ;fdfGo kl/Iff kf; u/]kl5 lbOg]kdf{g]G6 /]l;8]G;L sf8{ ;bfsf]nflu cGTo 

ul/Psf]5 . cab]lv ljBfyL{n]s'g}klg xfntdf kdf{g]G6 /]l;8]G;L kfpg]5}gg\ . of] 

lgodaf6 8]gdfs{df cWoog ul//x]sf xhf/f}+ g]kfnL k|efljt ePsf 5g\ . 

dlGb/sf nflu nfvf}+ ;xof]u 

a]nfotdf Joj;fo ;~rfng ub} { 

cfPsf Ps g]kfnL /ljh+u nfld5fg]n] 

gjnk/f;Ll:yt df}nfsflnsf dlGb/nfO{ 

@) nfv ?k}of“ a/fa/sf] cfly{s ;xof]u 

k|bfg u/]sf 5g\ . P]ltxfl;s, wfld{s 

tyf ko{6sLo dxTjsf] df}nfsflnsf 

dlGb/df ko{6sLo cfsif{0f tyf 

eQmhgx¿sf] ;'ljwf a9fpg] p2]Zon] 

nfld5fg]n] pQm /sd ;xof]u u/]sf 

x'g\ . nfld5fg]n]cfkm\gf]a'jfsf]:d[ltdf 

ToxfFl:yt /ljrGb| ef]hgfnonfO{ !) 

nfv, :j:y vfg]kfgL Joj:yfkgsf]nflu 

!) nfv tyf dlGb/sf] u]6sf] ef}lts 

lgdf{0fsf nflu %) xhf/?k}of“ k|bfg 

u/]sf x'g\ . ;gftg wd{sf] /Iff xf];\ eGg] 

p4]Zon]cfkm'n]pQm ;xof]u k|bfg u/]sf] 

nfld5fg]n]atfPsf 5g\ . o;cl3 ! jif{ 

klxn] nfld5fg]n] g} ;xof]u u/]sf] !) nfv ?k}of“af6 ToxfF vfg]kfgLsf] rf}d'v] wf/f 

klg ;~rfngdf cfPsf]5 . 

a]nfotL dGqL;“u g]kfnL 

g]kfnL lxGb" kmf]/d o"s]sf] 6f]nLn] a]nfotL >d dGqL lk|tL k6]n tyf ;+o'Qm ;+;bLo ;d"xsf 

cWoIf aa AnfsDofg;+u e]6 ePsf]5 . e]6df g]kfnL ;d'bfo /g]kfnL lxGb" ;d'bfonufot ljljw 

ljifodf 5nkmn ePsf] e]6kl5 hf/L ul/Psf] lj1lKtdf pNn]v 5 . pQm e]6df lxGb" k'/f]lxtsf] 

6]«lgª, ;dfg sfg'g, d;fg 3f6, >4f /lxGb" rf8kj{df ljbfsf af/ ]df 5nkmn ePsf]atfOPsf] 

5 . g]kfnL ;d'bfosf] dfuk|lt dGqL k]6n / ;f+;b AnfsDofg ;s/fTds /x]sf lyP . dGqL k6]n 

/;f+;b AnfsDofg sGh{/e]l6e kf6L{sf]k|ltlglwTj u5{g\ . a]nfotdf pgLx¿ lxGb" ;d'bfok|lt 

;sf/fTds kfOG5g\ . g]kfnL lxGb" kmf]/dsf cWoIf ;"o{ pkfWofosf]g]t[Tjdf uPsf]g]kfnL 

k|ltlglwd08ndf ;+:yfsf ;b:o tyf Joj;foL /jL nfld5fg], ;Nnfxsf/kl08t b'uf{ kf]v/]n, z+s/ 

bfxfn /dxf;lrj lr/~hLjL kf}8]n ;xefuL lyP . 

stf/;“u ;Demf}tf tof/L 

 

 

 

 

 

g]kfnL sfdbf/sf]k|d'v uGtJo stf//g]kfnaLr cfly{s nufgL, låkIfLo Jofkf/ 

nufot !! ljifodf ;Demf}tf x'g]k|lqmof cufl8 a9]sf]5 . k//fi6« ;lrj z+s/bf; 

a}/fuLsf]g]t[Tjdf cfPsf]6f]nLn]o; ljifodf stf/L clwsf/L;+u 5nkmn u/]sf]5 . 

g]kfnn]o;cl3 stf/;+u @))* df >d ;Demf}tf u/]sf]lyof]. ;Demf}tfnfO{ ;dofg's"n 

agfpg ;dLIff eO/x] sf] j} /fuLn] atfPsf 5g\ . ‘xfdL stf/;+u !! j6f ljifo ;Demf} tf 

ug]{ k|lqmofdf cufl8 al9;s]sf]5f}+,’ k|ltlglw d08nsf ;b:o ;d]t /x]sf Pl;of, blIf0f 

Pl;of tyf clk|msf dxfzfvf k|d'v /d] zk|;fb vgfnn] eg] , ‘oL ;a} kfOk nfOgdf 5g .’ 

stf/l:yt g]kfnL b"tfjf;n]b'O{ b]zaLr låkIfLo ;DaGwnfO{ yk ;'b[9 agfpg /cfk;L 

;xsfo{sf nflu pRr txdf 5nkmn ePsf]lyof]. ;lrj a}/fuLn]pkk//fi6«dGqL df]xDdb 

lag cAb'Nnfx lag d'lta cn ?dfOxL;+u låkIfLo ;DaGwnfO{ abln+bf]kl/j]zcg';f/ 

;'b[9 agfpg] ljifodf 5nkmn ePsf]atfP . cfly{s nufgLsf nflu lahg]; 

kmf] /d 

agfpg ;lsg] df b'j} kIf tof/ ePsf] klg j} /fuLn] atfP . 

k|d08nn]cGt/f{li6«o ;DaGw pkk//fi6«dGqL z]v 

df]xDdb lag cAb'Nnfx lag hfl;d cn yfgL;+u 

;d] t 5nkmn u/] sf] lyof] . >d dGqfnosf 

pRr clwsf/L;+u g]kfnL sfdbf/;+u ;DalGwt 

ljifodf 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] . 

k"j{ cy{dGqL ;Ddflgt 

j] nfotaf6 k|sflzt x'g] kmfOgflG;on 

6fOD;sf] ;xk|sfzg b a} ªs/ klqsfn] 

k"j{ cy{dGqL tyf g] kfnL sf+u|] ;sf g] tf 

8f=/fdz/0f dxtnfO{ ;Ddflgt u/]sf]5 . 

6] D; gbL lsgf/df /x] sf] kmfOgflG;on 

6fOD;sf] sfof{nodf cfof] lht Ps 

;df/f] xdf b a} °/ klqsfsf ;Dkfbs a|fog 

SofKn] gn] dxtnfO{ ;Ddfgkqsf ;fy} gAa] 

jif{ klxn] :yflkt pQm klqsfsf ;+:yfks 

;Dkfbs a|]08g a|ofsgsf]d"lt{ klg k|bfg 

u/] sf 5g\ . pQm cj;/df af] Nb} k"j{ dGqL 

8f=dxtn]e"sDkkl5sf]c:tJo:t l:yltdf 

klg b'O{ dlxgfleq}g]kfnn];kmntfk"j{s cGt/f{li6«o bft[ ;Dd]ng cfof]hgf u/]sf]:d/0f 

u/] sf 5g\ . dxtn] 6f] Sof] , k] l/; / lbNnLdf To:tf] ;Dd] ng cfof] hgf ug{ k|:tfj cfPsf] 

eP tfklg g]kfn ko{6sx¿sf nflu ;'/lIft 5 eGg];Gb]z lbg /nufgLstf{x¿nfO{ 

cfZj:t kfg{ klg sf7df8f}+d};Dd]ng cfof]hgf ul/Psf]atfPsf 5g\ . a]nfotsf]Pp6f 

k|ltli7t klqsfn]k"j{ cy{dGqL 8f= /fdz/0f dxtnfO{ Pl;of k|zfGt If]q tyf ljZjel/s} 

cy{dGqLx¿dWo] af6 ;g\ @)!^ sf nflu ‘jif{ cy{dGqL’ sf] ?kdf 5gf] 6 u/] sf] xf] . 

af]8{ cWoIfdf ;'j]bL 

a]nfotsf]ln8\; ljZjljBfnodf cGt/f{li6«o sfg'gsf 

k|fWofks 8f= ;"o{ ;'j]bL -cf]laO_ Ps k|ltli7t hg{nsf] 

;DkfbsLo af]8{df cWoIf lgo'Qm ePsf 5g\ . xfn}a}+ssdf 

;DkGg Pl;og ;f];fO6L ckm OG6/g]zgn nsf] kfFrf} 

;Dd]ngn] ;'j]bLnfO{ SoflDa|h o'lgel;{6L k|];af6 k|sfzg 

x'g]Pl;og hg{n ckm OG6/g]zgn nsf nflu pQm 

lhDd]jf/L ;'Dk]sf] xf] . ;'j]bLsf cg';f/, pQm ;Dd]ngdf 

cGt/f{li6«o Gofonosf GofofwLzx¿, ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3 ;Dj4 

OG6/g]zgn n sld;gsf ;b:ox¿ tyf Pl;of;lxt 

ljZje/sf cGt/fl{i6«o sfg'gsf k|fWofksx¿sf] ;xeflutf 

lyof] . ;'j]bL Unf]an kf]ln;L kmf]/d km/ g]kfnsf cWoIf 

;d]t x'g\ . = 

52 



dgsf] s'/f 

] 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

dfG5]gdg]{ zx/x“'b}g 

lg? lqkf7L 

tkfO“n] clxn] ;Dd SofG;/ nfu] sf] 

dfG5] b] Vg' ePsf] 5

;flxTo 

o'y “INANCE EjfO{; 

ci6«] lnofdf lbgfg'lbg g] kfnLx¿sf] ;+Vof a9\b} uPsf] 5 . ;fRr} of] b] z g] kfnLx¿sf] k|d'v /f] hfO{ aGb} uPsf] 5 . oxf“ cfPsf g] kfnLx¿ nfO{{ x] g] { xf] eg] km/s h] g] /] ;gsf 

e] 6\b5f} + . pd] /sf] lx;fan] x] g] { xf] eg] %) jif{ eGbf dflysf, @%–%) sf] aLrsf clwsf+z, clg !%–@% sf eg] olx hlGdPsf gfgLx¿ Û of] h] g] /] ;gx¿df g] kfn xfd|f] dft[e"ld 

g] kfn;+usf] ;DaGw km/s km/s 5 . sf] xL g] kfndf ;+3if{ u/] / oxf“ cfPsf 5g\, sf] lx k9gsfnflu oxf“ cfP/ ;+3if{ ub} { 5g\, sf] lx g] kfndf :s"n k9\bf k9\b} 5f8] / oxf“ lg/Gt/ 

u/] sf 5g\ eg] gof“ k':tf hf] olx hGd] / lzIffbLIff ub} {5g\ . ;a} ;+u cf–cfkm\g} cg'ea 5 g] kfnL 6fOD; ci6«] lnof;+u 

o;kflnsf] o'y\ EjfO;df olx aLraf6 Ps ;d'x -hf] g] kfnddf :s"n k9\bf k9\b} oxf“ cfP/ oxf“sf] :s"n–sn] h clg sfd ub} { x'g'x'G5 . 

! tkfO{ ci6«] lnof slxn] cfpg'eof] < g] kfndf :s"nsf ;fyLx¿, 5/–l5d] snfO{{ 5f] 8] / klxnf] kN6 ci6«] lnof cfp“bfsf] cg'ea s:tf] /Xof] < 

@ g] kfnsf] lzIff k|0ffnL / oxf“sf] df s] s:tf leGgtf kfpg'eof] < tkfOsf] larf/df sxf“ /fd|f] nfUof] / lsg < 

# gof efiff, ;++:s[lt clg l/ltl/jfh;+u Ps} rf] l6 3'lNdn x'“bf s:tf s:tf cK7] /fx¿ eP 

$ elaiodf, oxL a:g'x'G5 ls g]kfn hfg rfxg' x'G5 < 

cfo'idf ;fksf]6f 

d g]kfnaf6 d]/f] kl/jf/ ;+u} cfPsf] 

x“' hlta]nf d (–!) jif{sf] lyP . af]Ng, 

lx8\g clg :s"n hfg];fyLx¿ agfpg] 

pd]/ e};s]sf] lyof], g]kfnaf6 ci6«]lnof 

cfp“bf dgdf w]/} sf}t'xn lyof] ha oxf“ 

cfO;s]kl5 km/s efiff, cs}{ ;+;f/ b]Vbf 

crDd clg s]lx ghfg]sf] efg x'GYof] s]lx 

;do t oxf“sf] jftfa/0f;+u 3'nldn x'g 

g};do nfUof]t/g]kfn 5f]8]/cfp“bf 

g/dfOnf] nfu]sf] lyof] . 

g]kfn / oxf“sf] k9fO{df w]/} g} km/s 

dx;'z u/] d}n] . g]kfndf lstfasf] 

cIf/ ;lDemg' dxTj dflgG5, 3f]s]/ km// 

af]Ng]nfO{ k|;+zf ul/G5 tfls p;n] s] 

a'em]sf] 5 eGg] lt/ xf]Og . t/ oxf“ l7s 

lakl/t, k|of]ufTds lx;faaf6 l;sfOG5, 

cg'eanfO{ hf]8 lbPsf]kfOG5 clg ;To– 

tYo s'/fsf] sf/0f ;lxt k|i6fOG5 h'g w]/} 

/fd|f] xf] laBfyL{x¿sf nflu . 

oxfsf] xfjfkfgL, l/ltl/jfh clg 

;+:sf/;+u 3'nldn x'g w]/} ;do nfu]g . 

ax';f+:s[lts b]z eP/xf]nf oxf“ d csf]{ 

b]zsf] pm csf]{ b]zsf] eGg] efjgf ePsf] 

b]lvg h'g PSbd /fd|f] xf] . 

elaiodf olx a:g] ls hfg] eGg] k|Zg 

d]/f]nflu w]/} ufxf]{ k|Zg xf] . cfkm' hGd]sf] 

7fp“, cfkm\gf]aRrfa]nfsf ;fyLx¿, 

cfkmGtx¿ clg k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tfn]el/k"0f{ 

b]z g]kfnsf] ;w} ofb cfp“5, clxn] klg 

d g]kfndf g} 5' . t/ elaiosf] s'/ ug]{ 

xf] eg] dnfO{ ca ci6«]lnofdf g} ;a} lrh 

l;s]sf] 5' Toxf“ g} afgL k/]sf] 5 . d 

ci6«]lnofdf g} a:5' t/ g]kfn rflx ;do 

ldnfP/ cfO/xG5' . 

54 

Ol/gf l3ld/] 

d @))& gf]e]Da/ dlxgfsf] clGtdlt/ 

cfPsL x“' hlta]nf d !% jif{sf]lyP“ . 

cfkm'nfO{ dfof ug]{ ;fy clg cfkm\gf] 

hGde"ldnfO{ 5f]8]/cfpg' eg]sf]w]/} 

sl7g lyof] . labfO{sf] qmddf efjgfTds 

;DaGwn] ufx|f]{ klg agfof] t/ dgdf 5'§} 

v';L lyof] ls d]/f] a'afnfO{ e]6\g kfp“5' 

eg]/lsgls pxf“nfO{ xfdLn]* jif{kl5 

e]6]sf lyof}+ To;}ul/ d]/f] cflweGbf w]/} 

kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿ olx ci6«]lnofdf 

x'g'ePsf]n] ubf{ ;lhnf] g} ePsf] lyof] . 

g]kfndf d ( sIffdf k9\b} lyP . xf], 

g]kfndf lstfaL 1fgnfO{ cfwf/ agfOG5 

eg] oxf“ k|of]ufTdsnfO{ Wofg lbOG5 . 

;}wflGts 1fg / Aoaxfl/s 1fg dWo] 

g]kfn / oxf“ cfkm\g} laz]iftf 5 . k|of]udf 

Nofpgsf]nflu klg l;4fGt t rflxof] 

lg ∕ To;}n]b'a}7fpsf]lzIff k|0ffnLsf] 

cfkm\g} laz]iftf 5 . 

ci6«]lnof cfO;s]kl5sf] ;'?sf jif{ 

Psbd sl7g ePsf] lyof] . oxf“sf] efiff, 

n]vfO{, k9fO{;+u 3'lNdn x'g ;+3z{ g} 

ug{'kof]{ t/ la:tf/} ;a} afgL eof] . x'g 

t d}n] :s"ndf vQd ;+ut ePsf] klg 

ge]6]sf]eg]rflx xf]Og . t/ax';f+:s[lts 

b]zsf] kmfObf eg]sf] leGg–leGg b]zsf 

;fyL x'g kfOg], gof“ s'/f l;sfpg l;Sg 

kfOg] . 

eljio t s;nfO{ g}yfxf x'G5 /< 

OdfGbfl/tfsf] ;fy eGg] xf] eg] dnfO{ 

w]/} b]z 3'Dg dg k5{, gof“gof“ s'/fx¿ 

;+u 3'nldn x'g dg\ nfU5 . g]kfn rflx 

;Dejt :yfoL ?kdf kmls{Gg t/ kfP eg] 

jif{sf] ! k6s g]kfn hfG5' h;n] dnfO{ 

;w} g]kfnL x“' eGg] cGt{dgaf6 cfO/xG5 . 



cy{j a/fn 

d ci6«] lnof d} hGd] sf] x“' . t/klg 

sIff $ b] lv ^ ;Dd g] kfndf klg k9] + . 

dnfO{{ ci6«] lnof / g] kfn b'a} cfkm\g} 

h:tf] nfU5 . g] kfnaf6 oxf+ kms{bf cln 

g/dfOnf] /dfOnf] b'a} eof] . d} n] w] /} 

cfkmGtx¿ ;lDemo . g] kfnsf] xf] :6] ndf 

dnfO{ lh:sfpg] , g/fd|f] Aoaxf/ ug] { uy} { . 

oxf+ To:tf] x'+b} g . xf] :6] ndf d] /f] ;fdfg 

rf] y] { . c? laBfyL{x¿n] dnfO{ lk6\y] , d] /f] 

vfhf vf] ;] / vfGy] . dnfO{ g] kfndf ;'/lIft 

nfUb}gYof]. To;}n]g]kfn 5f]8bf v'l; klg 

nfUof] . 

g] kfndf 3f] Sg' k5{ . oxf“ a'‰g' 

k5{ . g]kfndf lstfa dfq k95g\ . oxf“ 

;[hgfTds x'g'k5{, OG6/g]6df cfkm}l/;r{ 

ug{'k5{ . oxf“s} k9fO{ /dfO{nf] / /fd|f] 

nfUb5 . oxf+sf]k9fOdf cGtlqmof al9 

x'G5 . oxf“ :s"ndf cfa:os ;'lawfx¿ 

x'G5g, k|of] uzfnf x'G5, cfa:os 

sfo{qmdx¿ :s"nn] ul//x] sf] x'G5 t/ 

g] kfndf afWotf u/] / ePklg sfd 

u/fp+5g\ . o:tf] ubf{ pTk|] /0ff x'+b} gYof] . 

lzIfs / laBfyL{x¿ aLr glhskg x'b} gYof] , 

8/df af]Ng'kg]{, h]eg]sf]klg xf]xf]eGg'kg]{ 

g/fd|f] lrh Tof] lyof] eg] /fd|f] kIf rflx 

k9\gsf] nflu ;w} xf} ifnf kfOGYof] . 

g] kfndf g] kfnL af] Nbf cflns, 7] 6\ 

g] kfnL a'‰g / af] Ng ufx|f] eof] . 3'nldn 

x'g ufx|f] eof] . ;a} hgf d] /f] nflu gof+ 

lyP . ci6«] lnofdf :jtGq hLjgsf] cfefz 

eof] . oxf+ w] /} ;kmf ;'U3/ nfUof] . 

d olx“ a:5' t/ g] kfn klg dgk5{ . 

elaiodf g] kfndf klg s] lx ug] { larf/ 

5 . g]kfndf w]/}k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{ 5 . 3'Dg 

/dfOnf] 5 . 

gd{tf clwsf/L 

d ci6«]lnof @))^ df cfPsL x'+, 

hlta]nf d !! jif{sf] lyP . g]kfn 

5f8]/csf] { b]z hfg];do dnfO{ crDd 

nflu/x]sf] lyof], Ps dg b'Mv clg csf]{ 

dg xif{sf] lyof] lsgls d}n] d]/f] a'afnfO{ 

ge]6]sf] cf7 jif{ ePsf] lyof] . af:tadf 

d nfO{ g]kfn / Toxfsf ;fyLx¿sf], 

kl/jf/sf] ofb rflx oxf“sf] :s"n hfg]a]nf 

cfp“Yof] . 

lzIff k|0ffnLsf] s'/f ug]{ xf] eg], 

g]kfndf /6fO–3f] 6fO{sf] x'G5 eg] oxf“ 

rf“lx tYo / cg';Gwfgsf] x'G5, k|of]ufTds 

lzIffnfO{ al9 hf]8 lbPsf]kfOof]. 

g]kfndf k9\bf of] s'/f eof] < lsg / 

s;/L eGg] yfxf x'Gg lyof] eg] oxf lsg 

/ s;/Lsf] af/]df lk|h]06];g lbg'kb{5, 

t;y{ ci6«]lnofsf] k9fO{ g]kfnsf] eGbf w]/} 

/fd|f] 5 . 

gof“ hLagz}ln, efiff, e]if / 

;+:s[lt;+u 3'nldn x'g PSbd}sl7g ePsf] 

lyof] . s] af]Ng], s;/L af]n]sf] a'‰g], s;/L 

;f]l;on x'g], s;/L ;fyLefO;+u 3'nd]n 

x'g] < t/ :s"n hfg yfn]kl5 la:tf/} 

;a} afgL eof] . z'?–z'?df ufx|f] ePklg 

la:tf/} ;a} ;lhnf] x'b} uof] . 

eljiodf oxf“ a:g] ls g]kfndf a:g] 

eGg]rflx Psbd sl7g k|Zg xf]. h'g 

b]zdf d hGd] , h:n] dnfO{ d]/f] klxrfg 

lbof] Tof] b]zdf d kmls{Gg eGg d ;lSbg 

t/ d]/f] sd{e"ld, ;a} l;s]sf] hfg]sf] 

oxf“ afgL e};Sof] t;y{ oxL“ g} a:5' xf]nf 

To;sf] dtna of] xf]Og ls d g]kfn 

hfGg . =

cy{ 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8f6f s;/L lkmtf{ Nofpg] < 

;+lhj nD;fn 

s]tkfO{+nfO{ yfxf 5, tkfO{+sf]8f6f 

l8ln6 ePsf]5 eg]k'g lgsfNg ldN5 

eg]/ < hjfkm x'G5 yfxf 5, l/;fOsn 

lagdf hfg] cgL l/:6f]/ ug]{ t/ l/;fOsn 

lagaf6 klg l8ln6 u/ ]sf]kmfOn nfO{ 

s;/L k'g Nofpg] < To:t} kf6];g g} 

km/Dof6 u/]k5L s;/L l/;6f]/ ug]{ < cem 

kf6];g g}l8ln6 u/]sf]7fp“af6 s;/L 

kmfOn lgsNg] < slxn]–sfxL s] x'G5 

eg]hfgL ghfgL lzkm\6 l8ln6 cyf{t 

l/;fOsn lagdf g}gk7fO l;w}l8ln6 

ul/G5 clg kl5 yfxf x'G5 ls dxTjk"0f{ 

kmfOn g}l8ln6 eof]. n ca s]ug]{ < 

To:t} kf6];g lau|]/ km/Dof6 ug{' kg]{ eof] 

cyjf sDKo'6/ agfpg nfu]sf] 7fp“df 

hfg]/jf ghfg]/csf] { kf6];g l8ln6 eof] 

eg] . 

s;/L l/sa/ x'G5 eg] s'/f hfGgsf] 

nflu tkfO{+n] lstfasf] laifo ;'rL / 

lstfasf];fdu|LnfO{ lng ;Sg' x'G5 . 

l8ln6 ug{' eg]sf]laifo ;'rLaf6 d]6fpg' 

dfq xf]t/lstfasf]kfgf Roft]/cyjf 

kfgfdf n]lvPsf] s'/fnfO{ gd]6fpg' xf] . 

o;sf] k|df0fsf] nflu t'ngf u/]/ x]g{';\ t 

! hL=la 8f6f l8ln6 ug{ ! ldg]6 eGbf 

sd ;do nfU5 eg]! hL=la slk ug{' 

kof]{ eg] !) ldg]6 nfUg] x'G5 . o;af6 

s]k|i6 x'G5 eg]l8ln6 ubf{ ljifo ;'rL 

dfq l8ln6 x'G5 t/n]lvPsf];fdu|L 

h:tfsf] To:t} /xG5, To;f] xf] eg] gof“ 

;fdu|L rfxL gL < Tof] eg] n]lvg] a]nfdf 

k'/fgf] ;fdu|L d]l6b} gof“ n]lvg] x'G5 . 

tkfO“n]dfO sDKo'6/vf]Nbf /8«fOe 

vf]n]/ x]bf{ b]lvg] ;fdfu|L eg]sf] ToxL 

laifo ;'rLaf6 b]lvG5 eg] :k];sf] lx;fa 

klg ToxLaf6 ul/Psf] x'G5 h:n] ubf{ 

laifo ;'rLaf6 l8ln6 x'“bf g}xf8{l8:sdf 

:k]; a9\g] x'G5 . 

kmfOn–l;:6d Pp6f o:tf] k|lawL 

xf]h;n]:6f]/h l8efO;df kmfOn 

cyjf kmf]N8/x¿nfO{ ldnfP/l56f]tyf 

;lhnf] lgsfNg / /fVgsf] nflu s'g} 

klg :6f]/]hdf /lvG5 . Pp6f s'/f s] 

k|i6 kf/f}+ eg]s'g}klg :6f]/]h l8efO;df 

kmfOn l;:6d geP;Dd kmfOn cyjf 

kmf]N8/cem egf}s]xL klg /fVg ;ls+b}g 

/ km/Dof6 ug{' eg]sf] rf“xL ToxL kmfOn 

l;:6dnfO{ xf8{l8:ssf]kf6];gdf n]Vg' 

cyjf Og:6n ug]{ k|f];]; eGg] a'lemG5 . 

clg o;f] ubf{ k'/fgf] kmfOn d]l6g'sf] d'Vo 

sf/0f eg] Tof] Dofg]h ug]{ ;km\6j]/g} 

k'/fgf]af6 gof“ x'“bf klxn]sf] kmfOn 

l;:6dn]agfPsf];'“rLx¿ ;a}l8ln6 u/L 

gof“ l;:6d agfpg] x'“bf k'/fgf] kmfOn 

l8ln6 ePsf]b]lvG5 . dfly pNn]lvt 

eg] cg';f/ km/Dof6 ug{' eg]sf] k'/fgf] 

;'rLnfO{ l8ln6 u/]/gof“ ;'rL agfpg' 

/x]5 t/ laifo t h:tfsf] To:t} x'g] 

/x]5 . 

ca km/Dof6 g} u/] sf] kmfOnsf] rf“xL 

s] x'G5 t < o;sf] klg ;fwf/0f pQ/ 

x'G5, To;sf] nflu tkfO{+nfO{ km/Dof6 ug{' 

eg] sf] s] xf] eGg] af/] df hfgsf/L x'g' k5{ 

;fy}kf6];g l8ln6 ubf{ klg l/se/x'g' 

eg]sf]h;/L kmfOn l8ln6 u/]sf]l/se/ 

eof];f]xL k|s[of xf]t/o:sf]nflu kf6];g 

8Lln6 /kf6];g 8Ln]6 ug{' eg]sf]s]xf] 

eGg] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L eP eGg] a'‰g' xf] . 

kf6];g ug{' eg]sf] klg nlhsln 6'qmf 

ug{' xf]eGg'sf]tfTko{ s]xf]eg]xf8{l8:s 

Pp6}xf]t/w]/}xf8{l8:s h:t}u/ ]/efu 

u/L rnfpg' xf] h'g ck/]l6ª l;:6dsf] 

nflu dfq xf]. jf:tadf xf8{l8:s Pp6} 

x'G5 . of] nlhsln ul/g] kf6];gsf] 

hfgsf/L dla/df x'G5 / Tof] kf6];g 

8Ln]6 ug{' eg]sf]klg Tof]dla/af6 Tof] 

hfgsf/L x6fpg' xf] . eGg'sf] dtna 

kmfOn t h:tfsf] t:t} g} 5, g b]lvPsf] 

dfq xf] . ca l/sf]e/L -software_ 

;km\6jo/n] h'g ;fwf/0f tl/sfaf6 

x]g]{ xf]eg]kf6];g g}l8ln6 ePsf]eP 

klg obL gof“ kmfOn ylkPsf] 5}g eg] 

pQm xf8{l8:saf6 kmfOn cyjf kmf]N8/ 

h:tfsf] To:t} lgsNg ;lsG5 . = 

km:6{ hgj/L @)!^ af6 NSW df Real 

Estate Agent x¿nfO{ 3/hUuf lalqm ubf{ 

Underquoting ug{ gkfpg] Pad 3/ sf] d'No 

tf] s] / dfq P8\e/6fOh ug{ kfp5g\ eGg] ;'g] sf] . 

cfkm' klg @)!^ df klxnf] 3/ lsGg tDtof/ 

ePsf] x'“bf of] kl/jt{gn] s] s:tf] c;/ kfnf{ < "" 

slkn g]kfn 

tkfO{+sf] ;Nnfxsf] k|ltIffdf 5' . 

gof“ aif{sf] cfudg;“u} Real Estate If] qdf cfPsf] of] kl/jt{gn] vf;ul/ klxnf] 

3/ lsGg] AolQmx¿nfO{ 3/sf] df] ndf] nfO{ ug{ ;lhnf] ePsf] d} n] dxz'; u/] sf] 5' . 

lautdf NSW df 3/sf] advertise ubf{ k|f] k6L{sf] laqmL d'No g/flvsg "Offers 

over", "Offers Invited" h:tf c:ki6 zAb/fvL 3/hUuf a]Rg /flvg]x'“bf 3/ 

vl/b ug]{ AolQmnfO{ vf; d'No yfxf kfpg d'l:sn kg]{ uYof{]. o:tf]P8\e/6fOhn] 

3/a]Rbf a9L d'No kfOg]x'“bf a]Rg]AolQm /w]/}h;f]Ph]G6n]oxL af6f]/f]Hg]uy]{ . 

;fy;fy} 3/sf] jf:tljs ahf/efp eGbf sd laqmL d'No /fvL w] /} AolQmnfO{ 

xfp; Inspection sf] nflu cfslif{t u/L a9L d'No xft kfg] { tl/sf -h;nfO{ 

Underquoting klg elgG5_ cKgfpg] ul/GYof] . 

o:tf] tl/sf kf/bzL{ gePsf] n] NSW df Department of Fair Trading n] 

Underqoting u/] sf] kfPdf Real Estate Agent n] kfpg] sld;g hkmt / afO; 

xhf/8n/;Dd hl/jfgf nfpg ;Sg]5 . o;}ul/gof“ aif{ @)!^ af6 k|f]k6L{sf] 

a] rlavg ubf{ d'No tf] s] / jf Price Range /fv]/dfq P8\e/6fOh ug{ kfOg]5 . 

3/ laqmLsf]nflu a]Rg]AoQmL;“u Real Estate Agent n] u/] sf] sG6«fS6sf] k|ltlnkL 

klg 3/sf] sG6«fS6;“u pknAw x'g] 5 . 

o:tf]Aoa:yfn]3/vl/bstf{nfO{ 3/sf]d'Nosf]/a]Rg]AolQmn]vf]h]sf] 

d'Nosf] af/] df k|i6 yfxf 

kfOg] x'“bf 3/sf] nflu 

ckm/ ug{ ;lhnf] ePsf] d} n] 

kfPsf] 5' . clxn]sf] k|f] k] 6L{ 

dfs] {6df Ph] G6n] /fv] sf] 

d'NoeGbf klg sd d'Nodf 

3/ kfOg ;Sg] ;Defjgf 

x'“bf cfkm'n] ckm/ ug{ nfu] sf] 

k|f] k6L{sf] af/] df /fd|f] ;“u 

l/;r{ u/L ckm/xfNg' plrt 

x'G5 . 

w] /} h;f] a} +sx¿sf] a|f~rdf hf“bf a} +ssf sd{rf/Ln] qm] l86 sf8{sf] Aofn] G; 

6«fG;km/sf] ckm/ u5{g\ . o;/L gof“ qm] l86 sf8{ lnO k'/fgf] sf8{sf] Aofn] G; r'Qmf 

ubf{ k'/fgf] sf8{sf] t'ngfdf zero percent jf lgs} sd Aofhsf] ckm/ kfOg] x'“bf 

w] /} art x'g] b] lvG5 . d lgs6 eljiodf klxnf] 3/ lsGg] of] hgfdf ePsf] n] o;/L 

Aofn] G; 6«fG;km/sf] nflu gof“ qm] l86 sf8{ ln+bf k5L xf] dnf] g lng s] xL ;d:of t 

gxf] nf < s[kof k|i6 kfl/lbg' x'GYof] ls < 

Aofn] G; 6«fG;km/ ubf{ Aofh sd kg] { x'“bf s] xL nfe caZo x'G5 . t/ w] /} k6s 

qm]l86 sf8{ Apply u/L /fVbf qm]l86 inquiry sf];+Vof a9\g]x'“bf tkfO{+sf]qm]l86 

lx:6«Ldf c;/ kfg{ ;Sb5 . olb tkfO{+ cfpg] Ps b'O{ aif{leq} 3/ lsGb} x'g'x'G5 eg] 

aif{df b'O{ jf tLg eGbf a9L qm]l86 Inquiry gx'g' a] z xf] nf . 

qm]l86 sf8{ dfq ge}gof“ df]afO{n kmf]g lnbf lah'nLsf]contract ubf{ / cGo 

nf]g lnbf klg qm]l86 Inquiry ul/g] x'“bf ctL dxTjk"0f{ s'/f afx] s c? s'/fdf o:tf] 

inquiry sf];“Vof ga9fpg ;Nnfx lbG5' . 

a}+ssf sd{rf/Ln]qm]l86 sf8{sf]sale ubf{ cfkm\gf] kkm{d] {G; a9L af] g; kfpg] 

x'“bf o;/L Aofn]G; 6«fG:km/nfO{ hf]8 lbg]ub{5g\ . o:tf]push sale df tkfO{+sf] 

lxteGbf klg s;/L cfkm\gf] Performance a9fO af]g; kfpg]leqL OR5fn]k|eflat 

;Nnfx lbg ;Sg] ;Defjgf x'g] x'“bf o:tf] ;Nnfx cfkm\gf] nflu stL plrt 5 eGg] 

af/] df Wofg k'/fO lg0f{o lng' 7Ls xf] nf . = 

- k | t ' : t v n ] s ; }s f ]J o l Q m u t c y j f : n f O { e G b f k l g ; d u | n f d O f { ; a l } d N g ] 

l s l ; d a f 6 l n v ] P s f x ] f ]. o l b s ' y k g } l h 1 f ; f e P c f l g j f l ] Q o ; y + f , : d 6 f { ] h u ] 

Ph]G6 of cg'ejL Psfpg6]G6;“u ;Dks{ /fVg' /fd|f] x'g]5 . olb tkfO{+sf s'g} 

lh1f;f :tDesf/ ;“u l;w}+ ;f]Wg rfxg' x'G5 eg] knepal@smartline.com.au 

df ;Dks{ ug{ ;Sg' x'g]5 ._ 

t k f O { { { { + s l s f ∙ k l s f a g ] f a / } o f x d f ] n f g ] ; D a G w L s ' l g h } 1 f ; f e P x f d L n f l O v { n ] 

k7fpg'xf];\ xfdL cfufdL cs+df tkfO{+sf] lh1f;fsf] pQ/ lnP/ cfpg] 5f+} . 

xfdLnfO{ publisher@nepalitimes.com.au, editor@nepalitimes.com.au 

df ;Dks{ ug{ ;Sg' x'g]5 . 


55

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u|'k 6'/sf] nflu 

;D´g' xf]nf . 


57

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;dfh 

;Gbe{M ci6«]lnofdf g]kfnL kl/j]z 

/ a:t'l:ytL 

gj/fh uf}td 

b; jif{sf] nfdf] dfcf] afbL åGbn] 

cfqmfGt d"n'ssf $) nfv o'af 

clxn] /f] huf/Lsf] lznlznfdf 

laZjsf s} of+} d'n'sdf k'lu;s] sf 5g\ . 

sfg'gL ?kdf hfg] sf] ;+Vof ;/sf/L 

tYof+sdf pNn] v ePklg u} /sfg'gL 

x} l;otdf slt g] kfnL lab] lzPsf -ef/t 

afx] ssf b] zdf_ 5g\ o;sf] s'g} 7f] ; tYof+s 

/fHo;+u 5} g . dfcf] afbLn] p7fPsf] xltof/ 

slt hfoh lyof] jf lyPg Tof] clxn] 

Pp6f ax;sf] laifo xf] nf jf kl5 x'g] 5 . 

t/ o;n] ;du| b] zsf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s, 

;f:s[lts Pa+ cGo If]qdf csNklgo c;/ 

kf/] sf] s'/fsf] lx;fa lstfa klg ;doqmd 

;+u} lgl:sPnfg . b] zsf] cfly{s If] q 

tx; gx;sf] l:ydf u'lh|/x] sf] ca:yfdf 

lagfzsf/L e"sDk / ef/tLo kIfaf6 

ul/Psf] c3f] lift gfsfalGbsf sf/0f b] z 

p7\g} g;Sg] ul/ ynf k/] sf] ca:yf olta] nf 

5 . 

dfcf] afbLn] d"nwf/sf] /fhgLlt 

;dft] kl5sf] kl/36gf g] kfnsf] nflu la;{g 

nfos If0f aGof] . ;+lawfg lgdf{0fsf] v] n 

;+u} ;Qf k|flKtsf] slyt kmf] xf] /L v] nn] 

g] kfnnfO{{ clxn] c3f] lift o'aflalxg b] z 

agfOlbPsf] 5 . klxnf] ;+lawfg;ef lgaf{rg 

kZrft b'O{{ jif{df ;+lawfg lgdf{0f ul/ b] zdf 

cfd lgaf{rg ;+kGg ug] { pb3f] ifsf ;fy 

k|wfgd+GqL ePsf dfcf]afbL cWoIf k|rG8sf] 

;/sf/ ( dlxgf eGbf al9 gl6s] kl5 o; 

aLrdf ePsf 36gfqmd tkf“O xfdLaLr 

;a{lalaw} 5 . laut Ps bzsb] lv b] zsf] 

/fhg} lts ca:yf / To;af6 l;lh{t lau|bf] 

cfly{s ca:yfsf]sf/0f pRr lzIff xf“l;n 

u/]sf nfvf}o'af clxn]yk pRr lzIff, 

/f]huf/L Pj+ ca;/sf]vf]lhdf pRr cfly{s 

ultlalw ePsf d'n'sx¿df hfg nfu]sf 

5g\ . 

sltko pRr lzIff /;Lk xfl;n 

u/] / g] kfndf g} kmls{Psf 5g\ eg} 7"nf] 

lx:;fdf lt b] zx¿df k'u] sf g] kfnLx¿ 

g] kfn kmls{g rflx/x] sf 5} gg\ . kl5Nnf] 

;do ci6«] lnofdf g] kfnL laBfyL{sf] cfsif{0f 

a9] sf] 5 . k|hftGq / dfga clwsf/sf] 

pRrtd cEof; ul//x]sf]ci6«]lnofn]kl5nf] 

;do laZjsf laslzt d'n'sx¿sf];"lrdf 

cfkm'nfO{ pEofpg ;kmn eO;s] sf] 5 . 

cfly{s a[l4b/lta| kfl//x]sf]ci6«]lnofsf] 

d'Vo cfo;|f]t cGtu{t laZjsf laleGg 

b] zx¿af6 cWoogdf bIf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ 

leTof{pg]u/]sf]5 . nueu b'O{ s/f]8 @) 

nfv hg;+Vof /x] sf] ci6«] lnofnfO{ cfly{s 

a[l4b/u'0ffTds?kdf cufl8 a9fpg 

Psflt/ laZj el/sf lzlIft hgzlQm 

dfcf]afbLn] d"nwf/sf] 

/fhgLlt ;dft]kl5sf] 

kl/36gf g]kfnsf] nflu 

la;{g nfos If0f aGof] . 

;+lawfg lgdf{0fsf] v]n 

;+u} ;Qf k|flKtsf] slyt 

kmf]xf]/L v]nn] g]kfnnfO{ 

clxn] c3f]lift o'aflalxg b]z 

agfOlbPsf] 5 . 

rflxPsf] 5 eg] csf] { tkm{ o;} nfO{ Pp6f 

alnof] cfDbfgLsf] ;|f] t agfPsf] 5 . xfn 

laZjsf laslzt b] zx¿ -laz] if ul/ 

o'/f] k_ df 5fPsf] cfly{s dlGbsf sf/0f 

tL b] zx¿df /f] huf/Lsf ca;/x¿ kof{Kt 

gePsf] ;Gbe{df tL b] zx¿sf o'afx¿df 

klg ci6«] lnofk|lt cfsif{0f a9] sf] cGt/fli6«o 

;+rf/ dfWodx¿n] hgfO/x] sf 5g\ . 

cflwsfl/s tYof+s 7f] ; ?kdf aflx/ 

gcfPklg sl/a Ps nfvsf] xf/fxf/Ldf 

g] kfnLx¿ ci6«] lnofsf laleGg k|fGtdf 

5l/P/ /x] sf 5g\ . cWoog Pa+ cGo 

k|flalws sfdx¿df ci6«] lnog ;/sf/n] 

tf]s]sf]lglZrt dfkbG8x¿ k"/f ul/;s]kl5 

:yfO a;f] af; ;'lawf kfpg ;lsg] x'gfn] 

klg o'af au{sf] dg ci6«] lnofn] tfg] sf] xf] . 

;g\ @))) eGbf cufl8 Psfw ;+Vofdf 

/x]sf]g]kfnL ;d'bfo ;g\ @))&÷* kl5 

ljBfyL{ le;fdf ul/Psf] v's'nf] kgf ;+u} 

clxn] lgs} 7"nf] e} ;s] sf] 5 . xhf/f} sf] 

;+Vofdf g] kfnLx¿n] oxf“sf] :yfOa;f] af; 

kfO;s] sf] ;Gbe{df s] lx g] kfnLx¿ t 

/fHosf] gLlt lgdf{0f tx;Dd k'lu;s] sf 

5g\ . 

ci6«] lnofsf] /fhgLltdf klg g] kfnL 

;xeflutf al9/x] sf] ;dfrf/x¿klg 

cfO/x] sf 5g\ . /fHoåf/f lglb{i6 lgod / 

sfg'gsf] kl/lw leq a;] / cfkm\gf] k] zf, 

Aoa;fo ug] { xs ;a} :yfoL a;f] af; k|fKt 

ug] {x¿df a/fa/ 5 . of] Pp6f ca;/sf] 

pe{/ e"ld xf] ca;/ lng ;Sg' / g;Sg' 

tkfOdf e/ kg] { s'/f] xf] . kl5Nnf] ;do 

g] kfnLx¿ Aofkf/ ,Aoa;fo, z} lIfs k/fd;{ 

s] Gb|,sfg'gL ;] jf nufotsf ultlalwx¿df 

5\ofk5\ofKtL b] lvg nfu] sf 5g\ . ef} uf] lns 

?kdf b] z ;fgf] ePklg g] kfnsf laleGg 

lhNnfaf;Lx¿sf] 5'§f5'§} sDo'lg6Lx¿ 

u7g ePsf 5g\ . g]kfnLx¿sf laleGg 

rf8ka{x¿df e]63f6 Pa+ z'esfdgf 

cfbfgk|bfg h:tf sfo{qmdsf] a] nfa] nfdf 

cfof] hgf x'g' cfkm} df Pp6f ;'vb kIf dfGg 

;lsG5 . 

g] kfnLnfO{ dbf{kbf{sf] ;dodf g] kfnL 

;d'bfoaf6 Ps csf{nfO{ x'g] ;xof] u ug] 

afgLsf] klg oxf“sf clhx¿n] tfl/km 

u/] sf] ;'Gg kfpg' klg Pp6f cfgGbsf] 

cg'e"lt x'ghfG5 . ljBfyL{ le;fdf ci6«]lnof 

cfp“bf hlt g] kfnaf6 sNkgf ul/G5 

oxf“ Tolt ;lhnf] eg] kSs} klg 5} g\ . 

hflu/sf] lglZrttf, sn] h z'Ns, a;f] af;, 

b} lgsL Aoa:yfkg lgs} r'gf} tLk"0f{ x'G5 . 

g] kfndf laz] iful/ zfl/l/s sfdx¿ 

vf;} gu/] sfx¿nfO{ z'?z'?sf lbgx¿ 

la;{gnfos x'g;S5g\ . kl/l:ytLnfO{ s;/L 

Aoa:yfkg ug] { eGg] cfkm'n] ;f] r] / lg0f{o 

ug] { s'/f xf] . xhf/f} g] kfnLx¿ sf] lx /x/n] , 

sf] lx afWotfn] ci6«] lnofdf x'g'x'G5 . 

sltn] cfly{s k|ult ug{'ePsf] 5 

sltn] z} lIfs k|ult ug{' ePsf] 5 . cfly{s 

/ z} lIfs b'a} k|ult ug] { klg x'g'x'G5 . 

g] kfndf hlGdof} + x'ls{of+} g] kfnL af] Ng n] Vg 

l;Sof} + /fhg} lts cl:y/tfsf] l;sf/ ag] / 

ci6«] lnof cfof} + . cfly{s ?kdf b'O{rf/ k} ;f 

klg sdfof} + xf] nf t/ g] kfnsf] kl5Nnf] 

36gfqmdn] g] kfnLx¿df yk lg/f;f 

pTkGg u/fPsf] 5 . gof“ ;+lawfgsf] 

3f] if0ff ;+u} t/fOdf km} lnPsf] lx+;f / 

ef/tåf/f nufOPsf] c3f] lift gfsfaGbLsf] 

df/n] b] zsf] ;fdflhs / cfly{s If] qdf 

las/fn ca:yf pTkGg ePsf]5 . ;'?+∙ 

kl5 pHofnf] cfp5 eg] em} cfzf u/f} 

g]kfn ca ;d[l2sf]lbzfdf cl3 a9\5 . 

xfdL hxf“ /x] klg g] kfnk|ltsf] dfof“ /lxg} 

/xG5 . ci6«] lnofdf u7g ePsf laleGg 

g] kfnL ;d'bfox¿n] g] kfnsf] lasf;sf] nflu 

ul/Psf cfly{s ;xof] usf sfo{qmdx¿sf] 

klg g] kfndf ;sf/fTds rrf{ rNg] u/] sf] 

5 . 

oxf“sf g] kfnLx¿sf] ;fgf] ;fgf] 

;xof] un] klg g] kfndf ul/a ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ 

k7g kf7gsf] Aoa:yf, laBfno lgdf{0f, 

k'n k'n] ;fsf] :t/f] GgtL, k':tsfno lgdf{0f, 

l;dfGts[t au{sf ljBfyL{sf]k7g kf7gdf 

;xof] usf ;fy} cGo If] qdf yk ;xof] u 

ug{ ;s] ci6«] lnodf u7g ul/Psf g] kfnL 

;d'bfosf] ;sf/fTds k|efasfl/tf 7xl/g] 

5 . ctM ci6«] lnofdf a;] / klg g] kfnk|ltsf] 

cfkm\gf] st{Ao ge'Ng' g} af:tlas ?kdf 

b] zsf] ;] af 7xl/g] 5 . /fhg} lts 

lvrftfgLn] nlDaPsf] ;+lawfg lgdf{0f 

k|s[ofn]k"0f{tf kfPtf klg To;kl5 ;[lht 

36gfqmd cem}8/nfUbf]?kdf b]vfk/]sf] 

5 . /fli6«o uf} /asf cfof] hgfx¿ cnkq 

k/]sf 5g\ . lasf; lgdf{0f k|foM7Kk 5 . 

/fhlglts :jfy{sf] nflu /fd|f] ug{ vf] Hg] nfO{ 

v'§f tfGg]k|a[lt a9\bf]5 o:tf]kl/l:ytL 

;+u h'Wg xfdL ci6«] lnofdf /x] sf g] kfnLn] 

/rgfTds 9+un]cfkm\gf]dft[e"dLnfO{ ;xof]u 

ug{'kg] { afWotf 5 . = 

58 



of] dlxgfsf] / flzkmn k+= Hof]= k|sfz v/fn 

of]dlxgf pQd b]lvG5, cfDbfgL, Jofkf/, Joj;fo 

tyf gf] s/Ldf ;s/fTds kl/jt{g b] lvg] 5g\ . 5f] 6f] 

b"/Lsf]nfebfoL ofqf x'g]b]lvG5 . dlxgfsf]bf]>f] 

xKtfaf6 /f]lsPsf sfo{ ;DkGg x'g]b]lvG5g\ tyflk 

kfl/jfl/s snx x'g]b]lvG5 af]lndf ;+odtf cKgfpg' 

xf] nf . 

of]dlxgf ;fdfGo b]lvG5, Jofkf/, Joj;fo tyf 

a}b]lzs ofqfdf ;kmntf ldNg]5 . ljlzi6 JolQmsf] 

;xof]un]dxTjk"0f{ sfo{ ;Dkfbg x'g] 5g\ . ;fy;fy} 

dfgl;s czflGt, vr{ tyf bf}8w'kn]ubf{ zl//df 

cfn:otf 5fpg]5 . kfl/jfl/s tyf ;fdflhs sfo{df 

cu|;/tfsf] cj;/ ldNg] 5 . 

;do dWod b]lvG5 . ljBfyL{ ju{sf]nflu jfwf 

Jojwfgx¿ cfO kg]{ b]lvG5 . jl/i7 JoflQmsf];fy / 

;xof]uaf6 Joj;flos sfo{df ;kmntf tyf cfly{s 

If] qsf] nfe ldNg] 5 . kfl/jfl/s c;dembf/L a9] / 

hfnf w}o{tfsf];fy cufl8 a9\g'xf]nf . 

;do dWod b]lvG5 . cfDbfgLsf gof“ ;|f]tx¿ km]nf 

kg]{5g\ . sd{rf/L ju{sf]nflu kbf]GgtLsf];do 5 . 

dlxgfsf]z'?jfbdf of]k6s tyf kfl/jfl/s hLjgdf 

;d:of a9]/hfg]b]lvG5 . O{i6ldq tyf hLjg;fyLsf] 

;xof]un]dxTjk"0f{ sfo{ aGg]5g\ . 

of]dlxgf pQd 5, rf}tkmL{ ;kmntfx¿ ldNg]5g\ . 

lk|ohgsf ;fy dgf]/~hgk"0f{ ofqfsf]cj;/ldNg]5 . 

Jokf/, Joj;fo tyf gf]s/Ldf ;kmntf ldNg]5 . 

k7gkf7gdf ;kmntf ldNg]5 dlxgfsf]cGTodf 

dfgl;s lrGtf a9\g]tyf vr{df j[l4 eP/hfg] 

b] lvG5 . 

dlxgf pQd 5, cfDbfgLsf ;|f]tx¿ a9]/hfg]5g\, 

dfgl;s ;'v, zflGt ldNg]b]lvG5 . ldqhg cyjf 

dfGohgx¿sf] ;xof] u cyjf dfu{bz{gn] ubf{ ;f] r] sf 

sfo{x¿df ;kmntf kfOg]5g\ t/dlxgfsf]cGTodf 

ck|Toflzt vr{ tyf gf]S;fgL a9\g];Defjgf b]lvG5 . 

;do ;fdfGo b]lvG5, ;/sf/L sd{rf/L tyf Jofkf/L 

ju{sf]nflu ;do kmnbfoL b]lvG5 cfly{s nfesf] 

;Defjgf 5, l/;df lgoGq0f /fVg'xf]nf . ;jf/L ;fwg 

rnfp“bf ;fjwfgL cKgfpg' xf]nf j}b]lzs ofqfsf] 

cj;/ ldNg] 5 . 

;do ;fdfGo b]lvG5, dfg ;Ddfg tyf kb k|lti7fdf 

j[l4 eP/hfnf . cfly{s nfesf];Defjgf 5 . tyflk 

vr{df j[l4 eP/hfnf hLjg;fyL tyf kl/jf/;“u 

;Defjgf ;'dw'//xnf ljBfyL{ ju{sf]nflu s]xL 

Jojwfgx¿ b]lvg]5g\ . 

;do pQd b]lvG5, gjLg sfo{df ;kmntf ldNg]5, 

z}lIfs tyf wfld{s ofqfsf]cj;/ldNg]5 . ;/sf/L 

sfo{df ;kmntf ldNg]5 . :jf:Yodf s]xL ;d:of cfpg] 

;Defjgf 5 . a}olQms tyf kfl/jfl/s hLjg ;'vdo 

/xnf, l/;nfO{ lgoGq0f ug'{xf]nf . 

;do ;fdfGo b]lvG5 . wfld{s cf:yf a9]/hfg]5, 

efUof]bosf];do /x]sf]5 . gf]s/L tyf Jokf/ 

Joj;fodf ;d'lrt nfe ldNg]5 . 3/kl/jf/tyf 

Oi6ldqsf]k|;:t ;xof]u ldNg]5, cfTdljZjf;df j[l4 

eP/ hfg] 5 . 

;do pQd b]lvG5, cg]s lsl;dsf nfex¿ 

ldNg]5g\, Jofkf/Joj;fo tyf gf]s/Ldf k|ult eP/ 

hfnf wfld{s tyf ;fdflhs sfo{df cu|;/tf x'g] 

cj;/ldNg]5 k7gkf7g tyf ;flxlTos If]qdf 

;kmntf ldNg]5 . dlxgfsf]cGTodf vr{df j[lb eP/ 

hfg] 5 . 

;do /fd|f]b]lvG5, sd{rf/L ju{sf]nflu kbf]GjtL tyf 

dfg;Ddfg, kb k|lti7fdf j[l4 x'g]5 ;/sf/L ;/sf/L 

sfd sfo{df ;kmntf ldNg]5, Jofkf/Jofj;fo 

;fgfltgf Jojwfgx¿ cfO kg]{5g\ hLjg;fyL ;“u 

;'dw'/;DjGw /xnf . 


59

SPORTS 

Bangabadhu Cup Football - 

Nepal's historic win 

semi-finals where, Nawayug Shrestha 

scored superb hat-trick. Bahrain made 

to the Finals beating the host nation 

Bangladesh 1-0. 

Bimal Gharti Magar claimed the 

Man of the match and Nawayug Shrestha 

was awarded the Best Player of the 

Tournament being the top scorer in the 

tournament with four goals. 

Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh 

Hasina presented the Bangabandhu Gold 

Nepalese Football Fans became 

jubilant with the final whistle as Nepal 

defeated Bahrain 3-0 in the final of 

Bangabandhu Gold Cup in Dhaka 

Bangladesh. This is Nepal's first ever 

international title in 23 years. 

Undefeated throughout the 

tournament, Nepal displayed executed 

skills and courage of champions. In 

the finals; Bimal Gharti Magar, Bishal 

Rai and Nawayug Shrestha each scored 

a goal. 

Nepal defeated Maldives 4-1 in the 

From nought to hot - Sydney Thunder 

wins Big Bash League 2015/16 

The Sydney Thunder has claimed 

their first ever Big Bash League title 

beating the Melbourne Stars by 3 wickets 

at the MCG. The fifth edition of the 

Big Bash League is ever so special for 

Thunder as they had never finished 

outside the bottom two for the first four 

seasons. 

Melbourne Stars posted a formidable 

total of 176 with Kevin Petersen's sublime 

knock of 74 in just 39 deliveries. Watson 

with 2 wickets for 17 was the pick- up 

of the bowlers for Thunder. In reply; 

Khawaja played magnificent inning of 70 

to guide Thunders home. 

This was a perfect farewell for 

The 2016 Australian Open tennis 

tournament has started from 18 January 

2016 and will be concluded on 31 

January 2016. This is the 104th edition 

of the Australian Open, and the first 

Grand Slam tournament for the year. 

This year’s Australian Open will 

be memorable for Aussie tennis super 

star Leyton Hewitt’s retirement. Hewitt 

is known for his passionate game play 

has claimed the 2001 US Open and 

2002 Wimbledon titles. He has also 

got the 2000 US Open men's doubles 

crown under his belt. He remained as 

the world's No.1 player for 80 weeks 

between 2001-2003. 

Roger Federer and Novak Djokovic 

will battle out in the semi-finals in the 

men’s single titles. 

Cup 2016 trophy to Nepal with a cash 

prize of US $50,000 at the Bangabandhu 

National Stadium. 

Michael Hussey, Thunder's Captain, who 

played the final game on Australian soil. 

Hussey received a guard of honour by 

Stars as he walked to bat. 

Brisbane Heat captain Chris Lynn 

has been named the BBL05 player of the 

tournament. Lynn has scored 378 runs off 

218 balls with a highest score of 101 and 

in the process became the tournament’s 

highest run scorer for the season. 

Earlier; the Sydney Thunder also 

claimed the first ever Women's Big Bash 

League Champions' title, claiming a three 

wicket win over rivals the Sydney Sixers 

at the MCG. 

Australian Open 2016 - 

Farewell to Leyton Hewitt 

In the women’s singles world’s 

number one Serena Williams will 

be competing against Agnieszka 

Radwanska. Also, Angelique Kerber and 

Johanna Konta will compete to book the 

second final spot. = 

km'6andf @# jif{kl5 

g]kfnnfO{ pkflw 

g] ;DkGg v]ndf ax/fO{gsf] @# jif{ d'lgsf] 6f]nLnfO{ #–) n] x/fp“b} 

kfnsf] l;lgo/ /fli6«o 6f]nLn] @# jif{kl5 km'6andf klxnf] pkflw 

lht]sf] 5 . a+unfb]zsf] /fhwfgL 9fsfdf @@ hgj/Lsf lbg 

g]kfnn]a+uaGw' uf]N8sk lht]/@# jif{kl5 klxnf]pkflw prfn]sf]xf]. 

g]kfnnfO{ pkflw lhtfpg ladn 3tL{ du/, ljzfn /fO{ /gjo'u 

>]i7n] uf]n u/]sf lyP . ladnn] v]n k|f/De ePsf] rf}yf] ldg]6df g} 

uf]n u/]/g]kfnnfO{ cu|tf lbnfPsf lyP . o:t}*& cf}+ ldg]6df /fO{n]/ 

OGh'/L ;dodf >]i7n] uf]n ug{ ;kmn eP . g]kfnsf :6«fOs/ gjo'u >]i7 

a+unfb]zdf ;DkGg a∙jGw' uf]N8sk km'6ansf pTs[i6 v]nf8L ;d]t 

3f]lift eP . 

g]kfnnfO{ @# jif{kl5 cGt/f{li6«o km'6ansf] pkflw lbnfpg] qmddf 

gjo'usf]k|bz{g pTs[i6 /x\of]. pgL k|ltof]lutfsf]‘df]:6 Eofn'Pjn 

Kn]o/’ ;d]t 3f]lift eP . o;sf ;fy} pgL 6k :sf]// ;d]t ag]sf 5g\ . 

;]ldkmfOgndf dflNbE;lj?4 Xofl6«s u/ ]sf gjo'un]kmfOgndf ;d]t Ps 

uf]n u/]sf lyP . k|ltoflutfdf pgn] s'n rf/ uf]n u/]sf lyP . 

g]kfnsf ljdn 3tL{ du/Dofg ckm lb kmfOgn 3f]lift eP . 

kmfOgndf ax/fOglj?4 klxnf]uf]n pgn]g}u/ ]sf x'g\ . of]k|ltof]lutfdf 

pgn] hDdf b'O{ uf]n u/] . a+unfb]zsL k|wfgdGqL z]v xl;gfn] g]kfnn] 

lht]sf] P]ltxfl;s pkflwsf nflu awfO{ lbPsL lyOg\ . xl;gfn] lxdfnosf] 

b]z g]kfnn] pkflw lht]sf]df cfkm" v';L ePsf] k|ltlqmof lbPsL lyOg\ . 

o;cl3 g]kfnn] ;g\ !((# df ePsf] blIf0f PlzofnL v]ns'b ;fusf] 

km'6andf :j0f{ kbs lht]sf] lyof] . Tolta]nf 9fsfd} ef/tnfO{ 6fOa|]s/df 

x/fP/ pkflw lht]sf] g]kfnn] @# jif{kl5 9fsfdf g} ax/fO{gnfO{ x/fP/ 

pkflw lht]sf] xf] . ;g\ !((# kl5 g]kfnsf] l;lgo/ /fli6«o 6f]nLn] s'g} 

pkflw lht]sf] lyPg . 

cfof]hs a+unfb]zsf]km'6an ;+3n]a+uaGw' uf]N8sksf]pkflw 

lhTg]l6d g]kfnnfO{ %) xhf/cd]l/sL 8n/cyf{t %$ nfv @) xhf/ 

?k}ofF k'/:sf/ klg k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . pkljh]tf l6dn] eg] @% xhf/ 

cd]l/sL 8n/cyf{t @& nfv !) xhf/?k}of“ dfq kfof]. To:t}a+uaGw' 

uf]N8sksf]gSsn 6«kmL klg ljh]tfn]kfPsf]5 . @@ Sof/]6 ;'gaf6 

ag]sf] 6«kmL eg] cfof]hsn] g} /fv]sf] 5 . o;cl3sf k|ltof]lutfdf 

cfof]hsn] ljh]tfnfO{ c;nL 6«kmL lbg u/]klg gub k'/:sf/ lb“b}g lyof] t/ 

cfof]hsn] k|ltof]lutfdf nfu]sf] vr{ eg] l6dnfO{ lbg] u/]sf] lyof] . 

;g\ !((^–(& df klxnf] kN6 cfof]hgf ePsf] of] k|ltof]lutfsf] 

o;k6s rf}yf] ;+:s/0f ePsf] xf] . k|F/Desf @ ;+:s/0fkl5 /f]lsPsf] 

k|ltof]lutf cfof]hsn] ut jif{b]lv x/]s jif{ cfof]hgf ug]{ eGb} k'gM k|f/De 

u/]sf] xf] . 

a+uaGw' uf]N8sk ljh]tf g]kfnL /fli6«o 6f]nLsf v]nf8LnfO{ clvn 

g]kfn km'6jn ;+3 -PGkmf_ gub kf“r—kf“r nfv lbg] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . 

pkflw lht];+u}g]kfnL v]nf8Ln]hgxL @ nfv ?k}of“ k'/:sf/klg kfPsf 

5g\ . /fli6«o v]ns'b kl/ifbsf ;b:o ;lrj s]zj lji6n] pkflw lhTg] 

v]nf8LnfO{ hgxL @ nfv lbg]3f]if0ff o;cl3 g}ul/;Sg' ePsf]lyof]. 

To:t};/sf/sf tkm{af6 /clvn g]kfn km'6an ;+3n]klg v]nf8LnfO{ 

gub k'/:sf/ lbg] tof/L u/]sf 5g\ t/ k'/:sf/ /sd eg] 3f]if0ff 

ePsf] 5}g . = 

60 



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