सन्दर्भ र अनुभूतिहरु
A Collection of Critical Articles by BASU sHARMA A Collection of Critical Articles by BASU sHARMA
f] l6nf] , wfl/ nf] / 5'Rrf] x'g] ub{5 . cyf{t\, pgL 5'Rrf n] vsx¿sf] lsQfdf kb{5g\ . pgL kf7sx¿sf] lwt dg] { u/ L / nlIft kfqx¿sf] k] 6sf r'gf{ dg] {u/ L n] Vb5g\ . o; n] vdf klg pgn] o;} u/ L n] v] sf 5g\ . …jfb] jfb] hfot] tTjjf] wMÚ eg] em} + ljrf/ x¿ cfpg' kb{5, ljrf/ sf kIf jf ljkIfdf ts{x¿ ul/ g' kb{5, ax; 5nkmnx¿ x'g' kb{5 / ;fdflhs ¿kdf u|fXo tyf ;dfhsf nflu lxts/ ljrf/ x¿ :yflkt x'g' kb{5 eGg] d] / f] dfGotf xf] . d] / f] cfklQ s] jn n] Vg] gfddf s'ljrf/ / s'ts{x¿sf] v] tL ug] { s'/ f;Fu xf] , hf] n] vsLo wd{ xf] Og . To;} n] , vu] Gb| ;+u|f} nfsf] pSt n] vsf] k|;Ëaf6 s'/ fnfO{ cufl8 a9fpFb} 5' . ljifosf] r'/ f] cf} +NofpFb} ;+u|f} nf n] V5g\– …/ fHo dflyb] lv tn;Dd ;jf{Ë e|i6 5 .Ú of] pgsf] ;6Ls ts{ xf] , h;åf/ f pgn] yf] / } zAbdf g] kfnsf] l;Ëf] / fHo ;+oGq s;/ L e|i6frf/ df r'n'{Dd 8'a] sf] 5 / e|i6frf/ s;/ L ;+:yfut ePsf] 5 eGg] :ki6 lrq ptf/ ] sf 5g\ . / fHo ;+oGqdf e|i6frf/ ;+:yfut ¿kdf dha't ePsf sf/ 0fn] g} 6«fG;kf/ ] G;L OG6/ g] zgnsf] l/ kf] 6{n] g] kfnnfO{ clte|i6 d'n'sx¿sf] ;"rLdf / fv] sf] xf] . o; af/ ] df d} n] o; cl3sf] …e|i6frf/ sf] bnbnÚ zLif{ssf] n] vdf n] lv;s] sf] x'gfn] ;f] xL s'/ f k] ml/ bf] xf] ¥ofpg rfxGg . tyflk vu] Gb| ;+u|f} nfn] e|i6frf/ nfO{ bgs lb+b} n] Vg] qmddf k|:t't u/ ] sf s'ts{x¿sf af/ ] df rrf{ ug{ rfxG5' . wf/ fsf] ld6/ sf] k|;Ëdf tLg ;o ?lkofF 3'; VjfPsf] Ps e|i6 JolStsf] ¿kdf cfk} +mnfO{ pbfx/ 0fsf ¿kdf pEofpFb} ;+u|f} nfn] n] v] sf 5g\– …/ , dnfO{ ca ;/ sf/ L lah'nL c•f hfg] ‰ofpnf] cfOnfUof 5 .Ú d} n] a'‰g g;s] sf] s'/ f s] xf] eg] , wf/ fsf] ld6/ lah'nL c•fn] slxn] b] lv x] g{ yfn] 5 < o;/ L vu] Gb| ;+u|f} nf cfˆg} s'ts{df lrlKnP/ oxfFg] / 8ª\/ Ë k5fl/ g k'u] sf 5g\ . ;+u|f} nfh:tf] lbUuh n] vsn] ;To lrq0f ug] { gfddf s'ts{ lsg ld;fpg' k/ ] sf] xf] nf < s] pgnfO{ n] lv;s] kl5 cfk"mn] s] n] v] + eGg] s'/ fsf] x] Ssf / xFb} g < olt dfq xf] Og, ;f] n] vdf pgn] csf] { s'ts{ klg k:s] sf 5g\ . pgL n] V5g\– …of] b] zdf k9\g' / k|df0fkq lng'sf] d"n ceLi6 ;/ sf/ L hflu/ vfg' x'G5 . / , ;/ sf/ L hflu/ vfg'sf] clek|fo b'O{ gDa/ L h'lStn] 6] a'nd'lgaf6 k} ;f w'Tg' / b'lgofFnfO{ 7fF6–afF6, bDe–bk{ / zfg–zf] v b] vfpg' / 7fn" klN6g' x'G5 .Ú cw{;To / k"jf{u|xdf cfwfl/ t s'ts{ xf] of] pgsf] . ;a} nfO{ PsfDo b] Vg] b[li6bf] if pgdf / x] 5 . pgL hlQsf af} l4s ljZn] ifsn] ;Gbe{ / cg'e"ltx¿
xr'jfsf e/ df o;/ L s'ts{ unf{g\ eg] / d} n] ;f] r] sf] klg lyOg . xf] , pgn] eg] h:tf] k|j[lQ w] / } df b] lvG5, t/ ;a} df xf] Og . ;a} nfO{ Pp6} 3fgdf xfn] / e'6\g vf] Hg' vu] Gb| ;+u|f} nfsf] n] vsLo wd{nfO{ g;'xfpg] s'/ f xf] . To;} n] d} n] pgsf] cleJolStnfO{ cw{;To eg] sf] x'F . o;/ L n] vsx¿n] h] kfof] ToxL n] Vb} hfg] xf] eg] kf7sx¿df e|d l;h{gf x'g ;S5 . To;} n] , vu] Gb| ;+u|f} nfh:tf :yflkt jl/ i7 n] vsx¿nfO{ n] Vgsf nflu s[kof s'ts{x¿sf] ;xf/ f glnOlbgf] ;\ eg] / cg'/ f] w ug{ dg nfUof] . cfu] pgLx¿s} dhL{ . :yflkt n] vsx¿sf] t of] xfnt 5 eg] n] vg If] qdf k|j] z u/ ] sf gofF sndx¿sf] t emg\ s] ult xf] nf < d'vel/ s'/ f cfpF5g\ clg ts{ / s'ts{x¿ 3f] n3fn kf/ ] / 7f] lsxfN5g\, bfofF–afofF ljrf/ } gul/ sg . o:t} ts{–s'ts{x¿sf] / } +bfnf] kfb} { n] lvPsf] lzjk|sfzsf] n] vsf] rrf{ u/ f} + ca . o; cl3 d} n] slxNo} k9\g gkfPsf n] vssf] gfd xf] , lzjk|sfz . o;} n] d] / f nflu pgL gofF n] vs x'g\ . pgn] cfˆgf] n] v …g] kfnL d"nsf cgful/ s g] kfnLsf] csd{Ú zLif{ssf] n] vdf tYok/ s ;6Ls ts{ klg k] z u/ ] sf 5g\ / dgf] ut xfjfbf/ L s'ts{ klg k] z u/ ] sf 5g\ . pgsf] ;f] n] v g] kfnsf] / fhgLltdf u} / cfjf;Lo g] kfnLx¿sf] ;+nUgtfsf jl/ kl/ ljr/ 0f u/ ] sf] 5 . vf;u/ L ljleGg / fhgLlts bnx¿sf k|jf; zfvfsf ultljlwx¿sf ;DaGwdf pgn] cfklQ hgfPsf 5g\ . of] pgsf] tYok/ s ts{ xf] . ljb] zdf g] kfnsf / fhgLlts kf6L{x¿n] g} zfvf vf] n] / kf6L{ut cf} krfl/ s ultljlw ugf{n] otf / x] sf ;fgf] hg;+Vofsf g] kfnL aLr ljefhg, kf6L{ut ljå] if, xfgfyfk / To;sf] s'k|efjaf6 hftLo ;b\efj / ;fdflhs ;+:yfx¿df b] lvPsf ljs[ltx¿nfO{ pgn] cf} +NofPsf 5g\ . o:tf ljs[ltx¿ lbg k|ltlbg a9\b} 5g\ . of] ;fFRr} g} lrGtfsf] ljifo xf] / n] vsn] kf6L{ clwj] zg ;DaGwL b;Lk|df0f k] z ub} { o:tf ultljlwx¿ d'n'ssf nflu klg / ljb] zL gful/ stf lnPsf g] kfnLx¿sf nflu klg clxts/ 5 eGg] ts{ / fv] sf 5g\ . pgL n] V5g\– …ljb] zdf ;d] t xfdL g] kfnL sDo'lgi6, sf+u|] ;, / fhfjfbL, dw] zjfbL, lxdfnjfbL, kxf8jfbL, cflbjf;L, hghflt, blnt ;d"x eP/ a;] sf 5f} + . afFl8Psf 5f} + . efFl8Psf 5f} + . kmfFl8Psf 5f} + .Ú of] oyfy{ lrq0f xf] . n] vs lzjk|sfzn] ;zSt ¿kdf ts{ k|:t't ub} { p7fpg} kg] { of] d'2f p7fPsf 5g\ . t/ === …t/ Ún] s'/ f] nfG5 cln k/ . pgn] ts{ jf;' zdf{
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- Page 87 and 88: gu/ kflnsf / ljsf;sf dfkb08x¿ lj=
- Page 89 and 90: tfsfsf] -;g\ @))^_ / cfhsf] plnrdf
- Page 91 and 92: plnr / eb|k'/ em} + r} gk'/ klg Olt
- Page 93 and 94: g] tfx¿sf] csd{0otfsf] g} kl/ 0ffd
- Page 95 and 96: klg aHg / f] lsg] 5 / d"lt{ klg ef]
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f] l6nf] , wfl/ nf] / 5'Rrf] x'g] ub{5 . cyf{t\, pgL 5'Rrf n] vsx¿sf] lsQfdf<br />
kb{5g\ . pgL kf7sx¿sf] lwt dg] { u/ L / nlIft kfqx¿sf] k] 6sf r'gf{ dg] {u/ L<br />
n] Vb5g\ . o; n] vdf klg pgn] o;} u/ L n] v] sf 5g\ .<br />
…jfb] jfb] hfot] tTjjf] wMÚ eg] em} + ljrf/ x¿ cfpg' kb{5, ljrf/ sf kIf<br />
jf ljkIfdf ts{x¿ ul/ g' kb{5, ax; 5nkmnx¿ x'g' kb{5 / ;fdflhs ¿kdf<br />
u|fXo tyf ;dfhsf nflu lxts/ ljrf/ x¿ :yflkt x'g' kb{5 eGg] d] / f]<br />
dfGotf xf] . d] / f] cfklQ s] jn n] Vg] gfddf s'ljrf/ / s'ts{x¿sf] v] tL ug] {<br />
s'/ f;Fu xf] , hf] n] vsLo wd{ xf] Og . To;} n] , vu] Gb| ;+u|f} nfsf] pSt n] vsf]<br />
k|;Ëaf6 s'/ fnfO{ cufl8 a9fpFb} 5' . ljifosf] r'/ f] cf} +NofpFb} ;+u|f} nf n] V5g\–<br />
…/ fHo dflyb] lv tn;Dd ;jf{Ë e|i6 5 .Ú of] pgsf] ;6Ls ts{ xf] , h;åf/ f<br />
pgn] yf] / } zAbdf g] kfnsf] l;Ëf] / fHo ;+oGq s;/ L e|i6frf/ df r'n'{Dd 8'a] sf]<br />
5 / e|i6frf/ s;/ L ;+:yfut ePsf] 5 eGg] :ki6 lrq ptf/ ] sf 5g\ . / fHo<br />
;+oGqdf e|i6frf/ ;+:yfut ¿kdf dha't ePsf sf/ 0fn] g} 6«fG;kf/ ] G;L<br />
OG6/ g] zgnsf] l/ kf] 6{n] g] kfnnfO{ clte|i6 d'n'sx¿sf] ;"rLdf / fv] sf] xf] .<br />
o; af/ ] df d} n] o; cl3sf] …e|i6frf/ sf] bnbnÚ zLif{ssf] n] vdf n] lv;s] sf]<br />
x'gfn] ;f] xL s'/ f k] ml/ bf] xf] ¥ofpg rfxGg . tyflk vu] Gb| ;+u|f} nfn] e|i6frf/ nfO{<br />
bgs lb+b} n] Vg] qmddf k|:t't u/ ] sf s'ts{x¿sf af/ ] df rrf{ ug{ rfxG5' .<br />
wf/ fsf] ld6/ sf] k|;Ëdf tLg ;o ?lkofF 3'; VjfPsf] Ps e|i6 JolStsf]<br />
¿kdf cfk} +mnfO{ pbfx/ 0fsf ¿kdf pEofpFb} ;+u|f} nfn] n] v] sf 5g\– …/ , dnfO{<br />
ca ;/ sf/ L lah'nL c•f hfg] ‰ofpnf] cfOnfUof 5 .Ú d} n] a'‰g g;s] sf]<br />
s'/ f s] xf] eg] , wf/ fsf] ld6/ lah'nL c•fn] slxn] b] lv x] g{ yfn] 5 <<br />
o;/ L vu] Gb| ;+u|f} nf cfˆg} s'ts{df lrlKnP/ oxfFg] / 8ª\/ Ë k5fl/ g k'u] sf<br />
5g\ . ;+u|f} nfh:tf] lbUuh n] vsn] ;To lrq0f ug] { gfddf s'ts{ lsg<br />
ld;fpg' k/ ] sf] xf] nf < s] pgnfO{ n] lv;s] kl5 cfk"mn] s] n] v] + eGg] s'/ fsf]<br />
x] Ssf / xFb} g < olt dfq xf] Og, ;f] n] vdf pgn] csf] { s'ts{ klg k:s] sf<br />
5g\ . pgL n] V5g\– …of] b] zdf k9\g' / k|df0fkq lng'sf] d"n ceLi6 ;/ sf/ L<br />
hflu/ vfg' x'G5 . / , ;/ sf/ L hflu/ vfg'sf] clek|fo b'O{ gDa/ L h'lStn]<br />
6] a'nd'lgaf6 k} ;f w'Tg' / b'lgofFnfO{ 7fF6–afF6, bDe–bk{ / zfg–zf] v b] vfpg'<br />
/ 7fn" klN6g' x'G5 .Ú cw{;To / k"jf{u|xdf cfwfl/ t s'ts{ xf] of] pgsf] .<br />
;a} nfO{ PsfDo b] Vg] b[li6bf] if pgdf / x] 5 . pgL hlQsf af} l4s ljZn] ifsn]<br />
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