24.01.2016
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Index 575 Shaft design, 333-343 inducers, 189 deflection, 340-342 NPSHR—influence on, 90 dynamics, 203-204 stable operating window, 90-92 failure, 483-484 System analysis, 3-10 fatigue analysis, 336-339 differential head, 3 key stress, 343 liquid characteristics, 7 torsional stress, 334 NPSHA, 4 Slurry pumps, 226-245 pump construction, 8 abrasivity, 226, 232-234 pump speed , 6 bearings, 237 curve shape, 4 casing design, 234-236 specific gravity, 7 drivers, 240, 243 viscosity, 7 erosion wear rate, 226-227 impeller design, 236 materials, 228, 230-234 performance-slurry corrections, T 244-245 pump types, 232-233 TAEH (total available exhaust sealing, 237-238, 240 head), 249 selection factors, 228 Theoretical head, 179-180 specific gravity, 228-229 Torsional analysis, 462-469 specific speed range, 232 Torsional stress, 334 sump design, 240 TREH (total required exhaust wear plate, 236-237 head), 249 Specific gravity Two-phase flow, 271 horsepower—influence on, 8 pressure—influence on, 7 slurry mixture, 228-229 Specific speed U definition, 11 efficiency—influence on, Unbalance, 426, 457-461 15-18 high speed pumps, 181-183 hydraulic turbines, 249-250 metric conversion, 12 V nomograph, 14-16 slurry pumps, 232 Vanes vertical pumps, 113-114 area between, 39, 41 Static head, 179-180 discharge angle, 29-30, 41-42 Submersible pumps, 115-116 hydraulic turbine, 257 Suction specific speed inlet angle, 37 definition, 11-12 layout, 37-39 high speed pumps, 186 number, 29-30, 42, 236
576 Centrifugal Pumps : Design and Application Vanes (continued ) critical speed evaluation, 451 pump out, 236 critical speed map, 443-445 thickness, 40, 236 flashing, 430-432 Velocity head, 179-180 impact tests, 472-477 Vertical pumps, 113-138 instabilities, 440-441, 484-486 barrel-mounted , 120-122, 128 liquid noise, 423 boiler feed , 130 measurement techniques, bowl assembly, 131-133 471-474 can-mounted , 120-122, 128 mechanical noise, 423 column assembly, 134-135 misalignment, 426-427 condensate, 129 piping, 428 condensor cooling, 126 pulsations, 150, 433-436, cooling tower, 127 481-483 cryogenic, 130-131 rotor stability analysis, flood control, 127 461-462 head assembly, 135-136 heater drain, 129 rotor dynamic analysis, 441-456 loading, 131 seal effects, 448-451 pipeline booster, 131 shaft failure, 483-484 process, 129 torsional analysis, 462-469 specific speed range, 113 transients, 429 submersible motor drive, troubleshooting, 474-491 115-116 turbulence, 432-433 transfer, 127-128 unbalance, 426, 457-461 vibration, 136-138 vertical pumps, 136-138 well pumps, 114, 122-124 vibration levels, 457, 459-461 wet pit pumps, 116, 125 Vibration and noise acoustic frequency, 150-155 ^^L NPSHR-mfluence on, 103, acoustic resonance, 436-440 *Vi acoustic velocity of liquids, oil, 526-527, 536 486-491 performance—influence on, 7 bearing housing resonance, Volute 474-477 area, 33, 184 bearing stiffness and damping, chipping, 143-144 445-448 circular, 56 bearings, 428-429 collector, 192-194 blade passing frequency, concentric, 235 150-155, 474-475 concentric—semi, 235 causes of vibration, 424-441 cutwater diameter, 36 cavitation, 430-432 design, 50-64 critical speed analysis, diffusion angle, 50 442-443, 477-481 diffusion area ratio, 180
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CENTRIFIUGAL PUMPS Design & applica
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS Design & Applicat
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Contents Preface —..... —......
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ern Pumps, Mine Dewatering Pumps. W
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Stage Pumps. Single-Suction Single-
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Preface When Val and I decided to c
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS Design & applicat
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Part 1 Elements of Pump Design
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1 Introduction System Analysis for
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Introduction 5 Figure 1-2. The syst
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Introduction 7 mate responsibility
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Introduction 9 Figure 1-6. Maximum
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2 Specific Speed and Modeling Laws
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Specific Speed and Modeling Laws 13
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Specific Speed and Modeling Laws 15
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Specific Speed and Modeling Laws 17
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Specific Speed and Modeling Laws 19
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Specific Speed and Modeling Laws 21
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Figyre 2-7, New pump from model pum
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Specific Speed and Modeling Laws 25
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Specific Speed and Modeling Laws 27
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Impeller Design 29 Figure 3-1. Requ
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Impeller Design 31 Figure 3-4. Capa
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Impeller Design 33 Step 8: Estimate
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Impeller Design 35 Figure 3-7. Volu
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impeller Design 37 (2) 5 , as final
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Impeller Design 39 The vane develop
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Impeller Design 41 Figure 3-12. Are
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impeller Design 43 Figure 3-16. Inf
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4 General Pump Design It is not a d
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General Pump Design 4? Figure 4-1.
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General Pump Design 49 designed and
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Volute Design 51 Figure 5-1. Volute
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Volute Design 53 Figure 5-2. Radial
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Volute Design 55
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Volute Design 57 Figure 5-4. Effici
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Volute Design 59 Figure 5-5. Typica
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Volute Design 61 Figure 5-8. Univer
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Volute Design S3 Manufacturing Cons
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6 Design of Multi-Stage Casing Mult
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Design of Multi-Stage Casing 67 How
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Design of Multi-Stage Casing 69 Fig
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Design of Multi-Stage Casing 71 Fig
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Design of Multi-Stage Casing 73 sec
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Design of Multi-Stage Casing 75 Fig
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7 Double-Suction Pumps and Side-Suc
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Double-Suction Pumps 79 two. Experi
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Double-Suction Pumps 81 Figure 7-3.
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Double-Suction Pumps 83 LOCATION AR
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8 NPSH The expressions NPSHR and NP
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NPSH 87 Predicting NPSHR The other
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NPSH 89 Figure 8-4. Pressure loss b
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NPSH 91 SUCTION VELOCITY TRIANGLES
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NPSH 93 Figure 8-8. Performance cur
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NPSH 95 Figure 8-10. Leakage across
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NPSH 97 Figure 8-13. Plate inserts
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NPSH 99 Figure 8-17. Influence of p
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NPSH 101 Figure 8-19. Estimating K
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NPSH 103 Step 3: Determine KI* From
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Figure 8«22. Calculating NPSHA for
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NPSH 107 Figure 8-24. NPSHR cavitat
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NPSH 109 Notation KI Friction and a
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Part 2 Application
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9 by Erik B. Fiske BW/JP Internatio
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Vertical Pumps 115 Figure 9-2. Well
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Vertical Pumps 117 Figure 9-4. Subm
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Vertical Pumps 119 Figure 9-6. Inst
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Vertical Pumps 121 Figure 9-8. Barr
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Vertical Pumps 123 • Loading pump
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Vertical Pumps 125 Wet Pit Pumps Th
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Vertical Pumps 127 • Fresh water
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Vertical Pumps 129 Condensate and H
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Vertical Pumps 131 mally insulate w
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Vertical Pumps 133 Figure 9-15. Imp
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Vertical Pumps 135 checked for corr
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Vertical Pumps 137 crating paramete
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10 Pipeline Pipe line, Waterflood,
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Pipeline, Waterflood and CO 2 Pumps
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Pipeline, Waterflood and CO 2 Pumps
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Pipeline, Waterflood and CO 2 Pumps
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Pipeline, Waterfiood and CO 2 Pumps
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Figure 10-11. Performance change wi
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Figure 10-13. Seven-stage pump dest
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Pipeline, Waterflood and CO 2 Pumps
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Pipeline, Waterflood and CO 2 Pumps
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Pipeline, Waterflood and CO 2 Pumps
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Pipeline, Waterflood and CO 2 Pumps
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Pipeline, Waterflood and CO 2 Pumps
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Pipeline, Waterflood and COa Pumps
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Pipeline, Waterflood and CO 2 Pumps
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Pipeline, Waterflood and COa Pumps
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Pipeline, Waterflood and COa Pumps
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Pipeline, Waterflood and CO 2 Pumps
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11 By Edward Gravelle Sundstrand Fl
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High Speed Pumps 175 History and De
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High Speed Pumps 177 Figure 11-2. (
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High Speed Pumps 179 some portion o
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High Speed Pumps 181 This is to say
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High Speed Pumps 183 This expressio
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High Speed Pumps 185 Figure 11-3. P
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High Speed Pumps 187 As an aside, p
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High Speed Pumps 189 Figure 11-5. I
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High Speed Pumps 191 Figure 11-7. I
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High Speed Pumps 193 Figure 11-9. R
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High Speed Pumps 195 Figure 11-10.
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High Speed Pumps 19? Figure 11-11.
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High Speed Pumps 199
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High Speed Pumps 201 Figure 11-13.
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High Speed Pumps 203 nal bearings a
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High Speed Pumps 205 Barske, U, M.,
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Double-Case Pumps 207 jected to ext
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Double-Case Pumps 209 Figure 12-3.
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Double-Case Pumps 211 Figure 12-4.
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Double-Case Pumps 213 ally by split
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Double-Case Pumps 215 The throttle
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Figure 12-11. pump for 4,000 psi In
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Double-Case Pumps 219 so that the t
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Double-Case Pumps 221 Figure 12-12.
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Doubte-Case Pumps 223 Volute Casing
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Double-Case Pumps 225 5. Survey of
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Slurry Pumps 227 An approximate com
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Slurry Pumps 229 Figure 13-2. Nomog
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Slurry Pumps 231 Table 13-2 Alloys
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Slurry Pumps 233 Figure 13-3. Class
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Figure 13-4, (A) (B) (C)
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Slurry Pumps 237 There is little to
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Figyre 13-7, (courtesy Pumps, Inc.)
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Flgyr« 13-8, with (courtesy Goulds
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Slurry Pumps 243 ing the pump speed
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Slurry Pumps 245 Where there exists
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Hydraulic Power Recovery Turbines 2
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Hydraulic Power Recovery Turbines 2
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Hydraulic Power Recovery Turbines 2
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Hydraulic Power Recovery Turbines 2
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Hydraulic Power Recovery Turbines 2
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Hydraulic Power Recovery Turbines 2
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Hydraulic Power Recovery Turbines 2
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Hydraulic Power Recovery Turbines 2
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Hydraulic Power Recovery Turbines 2
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Figure 14-14. Internally adjustable
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Hydraulic Power Recovery Turbines 2
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Hydraulic Power Recovery Turbines 2
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Hydraulic Power Recovery Turbines 2
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Hydraulic Power Recovery Turbines 2
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Hydraulic Power Recovery Turbines 2
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14-22, Flow of hydraulic recovery a
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Hydraulic Power Recovery Turbines 2
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Hydraulic Power Recovery Turbines 2
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15 by Frederic W. Buse Ingersolf-Ra
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Driver Chemical Pumps Metallic and
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Part3 Mechanical Design
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16 Shaft Design and Axial Thrust Sh
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Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 335 S
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Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 337 W
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Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 339 T
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Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 341 b
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Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 343 K
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Double-Suction Single-Stage Pumps S
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Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 347 F
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Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 349 F
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Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 351 F
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D (with subscript) P D P s T T (wit
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Mechanical Seals 355 Figure 17-1. M
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Mechanical Seats 357 Figure 17-2B.
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Mechanical Seals 359 Figure 17-2D.
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Mechanical Seals 361 Figure 17-4. H
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Mechanical Seals 363 Pressure-Veloc
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Mechanical Seals 365 The temperatur
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Mechanical Seals 367 Figure 17-7. B
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Mechanical Seals 369 Figure 17-9. P
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Mechanical Seals 371 where C 3 = 53
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Mechanical Seals 373 Classification
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Mechanical Seals 375 Double seals m
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Mechanical Seals 377 less than 100,
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Mechanical Seals 379 Figure 17-19.
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Mechanical Seals 381 Table 17-4 Tem
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Mechanical Seals 383 Figure 17-20.
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Mechanical Seats 385 steam, is to p
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Mechanical Seats 38? rather than a
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Mechanical Seals 389 Mechanical Sea
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Mechanical Seals 391 seal to work i
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Mechanical Seals 393 Figure 17-29.
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Mechanical Seals 395 The measured l
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Mechanical Seals 39? Figure 17-34.
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Mechanical Seals 399 Figure 17-36.
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Mechanical Seals 401 This design is
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Mechanical Seals 403 alignment, par
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Mechanical Seals 405 Figure 17-42.
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Mechanical Seals 407 Figure 17-43.
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Mechanical Seals 409 Figure 17-46.
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Mechanical Seals 411 Figure 17-47.
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Mechanical Seals 413 Figure 17-51.
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Mechanical Seals 415 Figure 17-53.
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Mechanical Seals 417 Figure 17-55.
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Mechanical Seats 419 Figure 17-58.
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 421 Re
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 423 me
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 425 in
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 427 pr
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 429 ot
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 431 Fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 433 fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 435 pr
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 437 up
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 439 Fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 441 na
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 443 A
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 445 Fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 447 Fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 449 Fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 451 Fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 453 Re
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 455 Fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 457 Ac
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 459 Fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 461 As
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 463 ci
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 465 Fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 467 sp
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 469 Be
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 471 Fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 473 Fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 475 Vi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 477 Fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 479 Fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 481 Fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 483 Fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 485 Fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 487 Fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 489 pe
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 491 th
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 4S3 fo
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Part 4 Extending Pump Life
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19 by Malcolm G. Murray, Jr. Murray
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Alignment 499 Figure 19-2. Pump dam
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Alignment 501 The best designs fail
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Table 19-1 Vertical Alignment Movem
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Table 19-2 Continued Horizontal Ali
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Alignment 507 bearing motors becaus
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Alignment 509 meet results. It shou
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Alignment 511 Determination of Tole
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Table 19-3 Continued Primary Alignm
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Alignment 515 Figure 19-3 A & B. Tw
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Table 19*4 Continued Methods of Cal
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Alignment 510 parallelism/perpendic
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Alignment 521 Table 19-5 continued
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Alignment 523 3. Essinger, J. N., B
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Rolling Element Bearings and Lubric
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Rolling Element Bearings and Lubric
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Roiling Element Bearings and Lubric
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Rolling Element Bearings and Lubric
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Rolling Element Bearings and Lubric
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Rolling Element Bearings and Lubric
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Rolling Element Bearings and Lubric
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Rolling Element Bearings and Lubric
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Rolling Element Bearings and Lubric
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Rolling Element Bearings and Lubric
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Roiling Element Bearings and Lubric
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Rolling Element Bearings and Lubric
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Rolling Element Bearings and Lubric
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Rolling Element Bearings and Lubric
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Rolling Element Bearings and Lubric
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Rolling Element Bearings and Lubric
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Failure Analysis Mechanical Seal Re
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Table 21-2 Causes of Seal Failures
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Mechanical Seal Reliability 561 ^mi
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Mechanical Seal Reliability 563 Sea
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Mechanical Seal Reliability 565 run
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Reliability Mechanical Seal Reliabi
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Index A thermal growth, 519-522 ver
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Critical speed analysis. See also V
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Index 573 inlet angle, 37 classific
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double, 52-54 velocity ratio, 50-51
576 <strong>Centrifugal</strong> <strong>Pumps</strong>: <strong>Design</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Application</strong><br />
Vanes (continu<strong>ed</strong>) critical spe<strong>ed</strong> evaluation, 451<br />
pump out, 236 critical spe<strong>ed</strong> map, 443-445<br />
thickness, 40, 236 flashing, 430-432<br />
Velocity head, 179-180 impact tests, 472-477<br />
Vertical pumps, 113-138 instabilities, 440-441, 484-486<br />
barrel-mount<strong>ed</strong>, 120-122, 128 liquid noise, 423<br />
boiler fe<strong>ed</strong>, 130<br />
measurement techniques,<br />
bowl assembly, 131-133 471-474<br />
can-mount<strong>ed</strong>, 120-122, 128 mechanical noise, 423<br />
column assembly, 134-135 misalignment, 426-427<br />
condensate, 129 piping, 428<br />
condensor cooling, 126 pulsations, 150, 433-436,<br />
cooling tower, 127 481-483<br />
cryogenic, 130-131<br />
rotor stability analysis,<br />
flood control, 127 461-462<br />
head assembly, 135-136<br />
heater drain, 129<br />
rotor dynamic analysis,<br />
441-456<br />
loading, 131 seal effects, 448-451<br />
pipeline booster, 131 shaft failure, 483-484<br />
process, 129 torsional analysis, 462-469<br />
specific spe<strong>ed</strong> range, 113 transients, 429<br />
submersible motor drive, troubleshooting, 474-491<br />
115-116 turbulence, 432-433<br />
transfer, 127-128 unbalance, 426, 457-461<br />
vibration, 136-138 vertical pumps, 136-138<br />
well pumps, 114, 122-124 vibration levels, 457, 459-461<br />
wet pit pumps, 116, 125<br />
Vibration <strong>and</strong> noise<br />
acoustic frequency, 150-155<br />
^^L<br />
NPSHR-mfluence on, 103,<br />
acoustic resonance, 436-440<br />
*Vi<br />
acoustic velocity of liquids, oil, 526-527, 536<br />
486-491 performance—influence on, 7<br />
bearing housing resonance, Volute<br />
474-477 area, 33, 184<br />
bearing stiffness <strong>and</strong> damping, chipping, 143-144<br />
445-448 circular, 56<br />
bearings, 428-429 collector, 192-194<br />
blade passing frequency, concentric, 235<br />
150-155, 474-475 concentric—semi, 235<br />
causes of vibration, 424-441 cutwater diameter, 36<br />
cavitation, 430-432 design, 50-64<br />
critical spe<strong>ed</strong> analysis, diffusion angle, 50<br />
442-443, 477-481 diffusion area ratio, 180
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