Centrifugal Pumps Design and Application 2nd ed - Val S. Lobanoff, Robert R. Ross (Butterworth-Heinemann, 1992)

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Table 19*4 Continued Methods of Calculating Alignment Movements Alignment 517 Method Advantages Disadvantages Plotting Board with Overlay Barton Method Electronic Calculators Combination Measurement/ Calculation Methods— OPTALIGN® Graphical method for any type of measurement data using plastic laminated graph and marked overlay (See Figure 19-35 and References 6 and 8.) More durable than graph paper and easier to use under field conditions. Easy visualization of shaft centerline relationships. Can use on two-element optimum-move problems. Progressive error reduction method. (See Reference 6.) Calculations can be done in one's head. No formal data recording required. Fast and simple, if machine can be adjusted easily and precisely with jackscrews. Fast, easy to use, and accurate, for basic and some advanced calculations. Fast. Easy to use. Accurate. (See Table 19-3 for more details.) More expensive than paper, Not practical to use for simultaneous optimum moves of three or more elements. Not as easy to learn as electronic calculator methods. Practical only for horizontal corrections. Requires a series of moves so good jackscrews must be present. Also requires reverse-indicator bracket arrangement with shafts that turn easily. Most will not handle two or multiple element optimum move problems without supplemental calculations. Expensive. Electrical, usually battery operated. May require gas test for use in hazardous areas. In some models, programming can be lost while changing batteries, or if batteries go dead. Can be damaged if not handled carefully. Expensive. Careful handling required. Electrical. (See Table 19-3 for more details.)
518 Centrifugal Pumps: Design and Application Figure 10-5. Machinery alignment plotting board used to determine corrective alignment movements. Jig posts, although useful, can also cause problems if not handled properly. Their flat measurement surfaces can introduce an error in the case of a gear or gridmember coupling turned in such a way that backlash is present. The same problem would be present in a jig post with a curved measurement surface, if the surface is not concentric with the shaft center. Another common source of jig post error is transverse inclined plane effect. To avoid this, level the rim measurement surfaces of both posts in coordination and rotate precise 90° quadrants using an inclinometer. With sleeve bearing machines, axial inclined plane effect may also be present. To eliminate this, the post surfaces must be axially parallel to the machine shafts. For face measurements on jig posts, the face surfaces must be parallel to the coupling faces, that is, perpendicular to the shafts in two 90° planes. There are two ways to eliminate these last two inclined-plane errors. One is by using precisely machined jig posts that give the desired result automatically when mounted on shafts. The other way is to use tri-axially adjustable jig posts, with a leveling procedure that achieves the desired
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CENTRIFIUGAL PUMPS Design & applica
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS Design & Applicat
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Contents Preface —..... —......
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ern Pumps, Mine Dewatering Pumps. W
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Stage Pumps. Single-Suction Single-
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Preface When Val and I decided to c
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS Design & applicat
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Part 1 Elements of Pump Design
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1 Introduction System Analysis for
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Introduction 5 Figure 1-2. The syst
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Introduction 7 mate responsibility
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Introduction 9 Figure 1-6. Maximum
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2 Specific Speed and Modeling Laws
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Specific Speed and Modeling Laws 13
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Figyre 2-7, New pump from model pum
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Impeller Design 29 Figure 3-1. Requ
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Impeller Design 31 Figure 3-4. Capa
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Impeller Design 33 Step 8: Estimate
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Impeller Design 35 Figure 3-7. Volu
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impeller Design 37 (2) 5 , as final
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Impeller Design 39 The vane develop
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Impeller Design 41 Figure 3-12. Are
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impeller Design 43 Figure 3-16. Inf
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4 General Pump Design It is not a d
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General Pump Design 4? Figure 4-1.
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General Pump Design 49 designed and
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Volute Design 51 Figure 5-1. Volute
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Volute Design 53 Figure 5-2. Radial
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Volute Design 55
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Volute Design 57 Figure 5-4. Effici
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Volute Design 59 Figure 5-5. Typica
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Volute Design 61 Figure 5-8. Univer
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Volute Design S3 Manufacturing Cons
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6 Design of Multi-Stage Casing Mult
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Design of Multi-Stage Casing 67 How
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Design of Multi-Stage Casing 69 Fig
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Design of Multi-Stage Casing 73 sec
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7 Double-Suction Pumps and Side-Suc
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Double-Suction Pumps 79 two. Experi
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Double-Suction Pumps 81 Figure 7-3.
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Double-Suction Pumps 83 LOCATION AR
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8 NPSH The expressions NPSHR and NP
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NPSH 87 Predicting NPSHR The other
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NPSH 89 Figure 8-4. Pressure loss b
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NPSH 91 SUCTION VELOCITY TRIANGLES
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NPSH 93 Figure 8-8. Performance cur
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NPSH 95 Figure 8-10. Leakage across
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NPSH 97 Figure 8-13. Plate inserts
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NPSH 99 Figure 8-17. Influence of p
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NPSH 101 Figure 8-19. Estimating K
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NPSH 103 Step 3: Determine KI* From
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Figure 8«22. Calculating NPSHA for
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NPSH 107 Figure 8-24. NPSHR cavitat
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NPSH 109 Notation KI Friction and a
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Part 2 Application
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9 by Erik B. Fiske BW/JP Internatio
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Vertical Pumps 115 Figure 9-2. Well
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Vertical Pumps 117 Figure 9-4. Subm
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Vertical Pumps 119 Figure 9-6. Inst
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Vertical Pumps 121 Figure 9-8. Barr
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Vertical Pumps 123 • Loading pump
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Vertical Pumps 125 Wet Pit Pumps Th
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Vertical Pumps 127 • Fresh water
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Vertical Pumps 129 Condensate and H
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Vertical Pumps 131 mally insulate w
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Vertical Pumps 133 Figure 9-15. Imp
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Vertical Pumps 135 checked for corr
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Vertical Pumps 137 crating paramete
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10 Pipeline Pipe line, Waterflood,
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Pipeline, Waterflood and CO 2 Pumps
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Pipeline, Waterfiood and CO 2 Pumps
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Figure 10-11. Performance change wi
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Figure 10-13. Seven-stage pump dest
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Pipeline, Waterflood and COa Pumps
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11 By Edward Gravelle Sundstrand Fl
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High Speed Pumps 175 History and De
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High Speed Pumps 177 Figure 11-2. (
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High Speed Pumps 179 some portion o
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High Speed Pumps 181 This is to say
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High Speed Pumps 183 This expressio
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High Speed Pumps 185 Figure 11-3. P
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High Speed Pumps 187 As an aside, p
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High Speed Pumps 189 Figure 11-5. I
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High Speed Pumps 191 Figure 11-7. I
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High Speed Pumps 193 Figure 11-9. R
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High Speed Pumps 195 Figure 11-10.
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High Speed Pumps 19? Figure 11-11.
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High Speed Pumps 199
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High Speed Pumps 201 Figure 11-13.
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High Speed Pumps 203 nal bearings a
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High Speed Pumps 205 Barske, U, M.,
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Double-Case Pumps 207 jected to ext
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Double-Case Pumps 209 Figure 12-3.
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Double-Case Pumps 213 ally by split
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Double-Case Pumps 215 The throttle
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Figure 12-11. pump for 4,000 psi In
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Double-Case Pumps 219 so that the t
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Doubte-Case Pumps 223 Volute Casing
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Double-Case Pumps 225 5. Survey of
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Slurry Pumps 227 An approximate com
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Slurry Pumps 229 Figure 13-2. Nomog
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Slurry Pumps 231 Table 13-2 Alloys
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Slurry Pumps 233 Figure 13-3. Class
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Figure 13-4, (A) (B) (C)
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Slurry Pumps 237 There is little to
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Figyre 13-7, (courtesy Pumps, Inc.)
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Flgyr« 13-8, with (courtesy Goulds
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Slurry Pumps 243 ing the pump speed
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Slurry Pumps 245 Where there exists
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Hydraulic Power Recovery Turbines 2
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Figure 14-14. Internally adjustable
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14-22, Flow of hydraulic recovery a
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15 by Frederic W. Buse Ingersolf-Ra
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Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
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Driver Chemical Pumps Metallic and
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Part3 Mechanical Design
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16 Shaft Design and Axial Thrust Sh
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Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 335 S
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Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 337 W
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Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 339 T
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Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 341 b
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Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 343 K
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Double-Suction Single-Stage Pumps S
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Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 347 F
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D (with subscript) P D P s T T (wit
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Mechanical Seals 355 Figure 17-1. M
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Mechanical Seats 357 Figure 17-2B.
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Mechanical Seals 359 Figure 17-2D.
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Mechanical Seals 361 Figure 17-4. H
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Mechanical Seals 363 Pressure-Veloc
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Mechanical Seals 365 The temperatur
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Mechanical Seals 367 Figure 17-7. B
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Mechanical Seals 369 Figure 17-9. P
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Mechanical Seals 371 where C 3 = 53
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Mechanical Seals 373 Classification
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Mechanical Seals 375 Double seals m
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Mechanical Seals 377 less than 100,
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Mechanical Seals 379 Figure 17-19.
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Mechanical Seals 381 Table 17-4 Tem
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Mechanical Seats 385 steam, is to p
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Mechanical Seats 38? rather than a
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Mechanical Seals 389 Mechanical Sea
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Mechanical Seals 391 seal to work i
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Mechanical Seals 395 The measured l
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Mechanical Seals 39? Figure 17-34.
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Mechanical Seals 401 This design is
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Mechanical Seals 403 alignment, par
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Mechanical Seats 419 Figure 17-58.
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 421 Re
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 423 me
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 425 in
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 427 pr
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 429 ot
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 431 Fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 433 fi
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 435 pr
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 437 up
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 441 na
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 443 A
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 453 Re
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 457 Ac
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 461 As
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Vibration and Noise in Pumps 463 ci
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Page 482 and 483: Vibration and Noise in Pumps 467 sp
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Page 486 and 487: Vibration and Noise in Pumps 471 Fi
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Page 504 and 505: Vibration and Noise in Pumps 489 pe
Page 506 and 507: Vibration and Noise in Pumps 491 th
Page 508 and 509: Vibration and Noise in Pumps 4S3 fo
Page 510 and 511: Part 4 Extending Pump Life
Page 512 and 513: 19 by Malcolm G. Murray, Jr. Murray
Page 514 and 515: Alignment 499 Figure 19-2. Pump dam
Page 516 and 517: Alignment 501 The best designs fail
Page 518 and 519: Table 19-1 Vertical Alignment Movem
Page 520 and 521: Table 19-2 Continued Horizontal Ali
Page 522 and 523: Alignment 507 bearing motors becaus
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Page 526 and 527: Alignment 511 Determination of Tole
Page 528 and 529: Table 19-3 Continued Primary Alignm
Page 530 and 531: Alignment 515 Figure 19-3 A & B. Tw
Page 534 and 535: Alignment 510 parallelism/perpendic
Page 536 and 537: Alignment 521 Table 19-5 continued
Page 538 and 539: Alignment 523 3. Essinger, J. N., B
Page 540 and 541: Rolling Element Bearings and Lubric
Page 544 and 545: Roiling Element Bearings and Lubric
Page 560 and 561: Roiling Element Bearings and Lubric
Page 572 and 573: Failure Analysis Mechanical Seal Re
Page 574 and 575: Table 21-2 Causes of Seal Failures
Page 576 and 577: Mechanical Seal Reliability 561 ^mi
Page 578 and 579: Mechanical Seal Reliability 563 Sea
Page 580 and 581: Mechanical Seal Reliability 565 run
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Reliability Mechanical Seal Reliabi
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Index A thermal growth, 519-522 ver
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Critical speed analysis. See also V
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Index 573 inlet angle, 37 classific
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Index 575 Shaft design, 333-343 ind
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double, 52-54 velocity ratio, 50-51
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Centrifugal Pumps Design and Application 2nd ed - Val S. Lobanoff, Robert R. Ross (Butterworth-Heinemann, 1992)

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