Centrifugal Pumps Design and Application 2nd ed - Val S. Lobanoff, Robert R. Ross (Butterworth-Heinemann, 1992)

Recommendations

Info

Mechanical Seals 401 This design is a package seal that includes the stuffing box as an integral part of the seal assembly. This model is built for an end suction pump and can be removed from the pump without disassembling any bearings. This is referred to as a Symmetrical Seal and is a patented design by John Crane Inc. This seal design is ideally suited for incorporating the upstream pumping concept that was previously discussed. High speed pump applications offer a unique opportunity for the use of a non-contacting, non-leaking seal. Through the use of the concept of upstream pumping, a stuffing box can be run dead ended. The only lubrication and cooling is achieved through the liquid being moved from the inside diameter of the seal face to its outside diameter. This design is illustrated in Figure 17-39. In this tandem seal arrangement, liquid between the tandem seals at 100 psig is being moved to a high pressure of 1200 psig in the stuffing box. Shaft speed is 15,600 rpm and seal size is 1.500 inches. Flow rate from low pressure to high pressure side of the seal is 17 cc/min. There is no measureable increase in surface temperatures at the inboard seal that is handling a differential pressure of 1100 psig. Statically and dynamically, there is no leakage of the liquid being pumped. Buffer liquid between the seals is water. Only a small amount of circulation is required to remove the seal heat generated at the outboard seal. Upstream pumping is a patented design by John Crane Inc. that will begin to change the way one views a seal application. A seal can also be used to do work in the system and reduce costly support equipment that is sometimes required. It also allows a totally different way to flush a seal with extremely small quantities of liquid. Split seals are sometimes required on certain applications. Shown in Figure 17-40 is a patented split seal by John Crane. In this case all components are split, allowing the changing of a seal without dismantling the entire pump. Split seals have been applied to pumps with large shafts operating at speeds of 1800 rpm and pressures to 80 psig. The unique feature of the floating seal faces allows this type of seal to handle large amounts of shaft runout. Many standard and unique seal designs are available from seal manufacturers. The most efficient design for a given application can be determined by making all of the operating conditions available to the seal manufacturer. Mechanical Seal Installation and Troubleshooting Long trouble-free operation of equipment includes proper seal design, selection of materials of construction, and correct seal installation. Any shortcuts taken during seal installation can result in the equipment being taken out of service in a few hours, days, or even weeks from startup. A
402 Centrifugal Pumps: Design and Application Figure 17-39. High speed application of patented upstream pump concept (courtesy of John Crane), Figure 17-40. Split face seal design (courtesy of John Crane). pump must operate within the pump manufacturer's specification and should be checked each time a seal is replaced. When a seal is removed due to excessive leakage, a study should be made to identify the cause for leakage. This study can yield results that can extend the life of the next installation. When a pump shaft begins to rotate, the seal parts also begin to move relative to each other. Not only does sliding occur at the primary and mating rings, but other seal parts move as well. The key to successful seal life is to keep the types of motion transferred to a seal to a minimum. The common types of motion that influence seal performance are angular and axial movement. These types of motion are the result of angular mis-
Page 2 and 3:
CENTRIFIUGAL PUMPS Design & applica
Page 4 and 5:
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS Design & Applicat
Page 6 and 7:
Contents Preface —..... —......
Page 8 and 9:
ern Pumps, Mine Dewatering Pumps. W
Page 10 and 11:
Stage Pumps. Single-Suction Single-
Page 12 and 13:
Preface When Val and I decided to c
Page 14 and 15:
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS Design & applicat
Page 16 and 17:
Part 1 Elements of Pump Design
Page 18 and 19:
1 Introduction System Analysis for
Page 20 and 21:
Introduction 5 Figure 1-2. The syst
Page 22 and 23:
Introduction 7 mate responsibility
Page 24 and 25:
Introduction 9 Figure 1-6. Maximum
Page 26 and 27:
2 Specific Speed and Modeling Laws
Page 28 and 29:
Specific Speed and Modeling Laws 13
Page 30 and 31:
Page 32 and 33:
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
Page 38 and 39:
Figyre 2-7, New pump from model pum
Page 40 and 41:
Page 42 and 43:
Page 44 and 45:
Impeller Design 29 Figure 3-1. Requ
Page 46 and 47:
Impeller Design 31 Figure 3-4. Capa
Page 48 and 49:
Impeller Design 33 Step 8: Estimate
Page 50 and 51:
Impeller Design 35 Figure 3-7. Volu
Page 52 and 53:
impeller Design 37 (2) 5 , as final
Page 54 and 55:
Impeller Design 39 The vane develop
Page 56 and 57:
Impeller Design 41 Figure 3-12. Are
Page 58 and 59:
impeller Design 43 Figure 3-16. Inf
Page 60 and 61:
4 General Pump Design It is not a d
Page 62 and 63:
General Pump Design 4? Figure 4-1.
Page 64 and 65:
General Pump Design 49 designed and
Page 66 and 67:
Volute Design 51 Figure 5-1. Volute
Page 68 and 69:
Volute Design 53 Figure 5-2. Radial
Page 70 and 71:
Volute Design 55
Page 72 and 73:
Volute Design 57 Figure 5-4. Effici
Page 74 and 75:
Volute Design 59 Figure 5-5. Typica
Page 76 and 77:
Volute Design 61 Figure 5-8. Univer
Page 78 and 79:
Volute Design S3 Manufacturing Cons
Page 80 and 81:
6 Design of Multi-Stage Casing Mult
Page 82 and 83:
Design of Multi-Stage Casing 67 How
Page 84 and 85:
Design of Multi-Stage Casing 69 Fig
Page 86 and 87:
Page 88 and 89:
Design of Multi-Stage Casing 73 sec
Page 90 and 91:
Page 92 and 93:
7 Double-Suction Pumps and Side-Suc
Page 94 and 95:
Double-Suction Pumps 79 two. Experi
Page 96 and 97:
Double-Suction Pumps 81 Figure 7-3.
Page 98 and 99:
Double-Suction Pumps 83 LOCATION AR
Page 100 and 101:
8 NPSH The expressions NPSHR and NP
Page 102 and 103:
NPSH 87 Predicting NPSHR The other
Page 104 and 105:
NPSH 89 Figure 8-4. Pressure loss b
Page 106 and 107:
NPSH 91 SUCTION VELOCITY TRIANGLES
Page 108 and 109:
NPSH 93 Figure 8-8. Performance cur
Page 110 and 111:
NPSH 95 Figure 8-10. Leakage across
Page 112 and 113:
NPSH 97 Figure 8-13. Plate inserts
Page 114 and 115:
NPSH 99 Figure 8-17. Influence of p
Page 116 and 117:
NPSH 101 Figure 8-19. Estimating K
Page 118 and 119:
NPSH 103 Step 3: Determine KI* From
Page 120 and 121:
Figure 8«22. Calculating NPSHA for
Page 122 and 123:
NPSH 107 Figure 8-24. NPSHR cavitat
Page 124 and 125:
NPSH 109 Notation KI Friction and a
Page 126 and 127:
Part 2 Application
Page 128 and 129:
9 by Erik B. Fiske BW/JP Internatio
Page 130 and 131:
Vertical Pumps 115 Figure 9-2. Well
Page 132 and 133:
Vertical Pumps 117 Figure 9-4. Subm
Page 134 and 135:
Vertical Pumps 119 Figure 9-6. Inst
Page 136 and 137:
Vertical Pumps 121 Figure 9-8. Barr
Page 138 and 139:
Vertical Pumps 123 • Loading pump
Page 140 and 141:
Vertical Pumps 125 Wet Pit Pumps Th
Page 142 and 143:
Vertical Pumps 127 • Fresh water
Page 144 and 145:
Vertical Pumps 129 Condensate and H
Page 146 and 147:
Vertical Pumps 131 mally insulate w
Page 148 and 149:
Vertical Pumps 133 Figure 9-15. Imp
Page 150 and 151:
Vertical Pumps 135 checked for corr
Page 152 and 153:
Vertical Pumps 137 crating paramete
Page 154 and 155:
10 Pipeline Pipe line, Waterflood,
Page 156 and 157:
Pipeline, Waterflood and CO 2 Pumps
Page 158 and 159:
Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
Pipeline, Waterfiood and CO 2 Pumps
Page 164 and 165:
Figure 10-11. Performance change wi
Page 166 and 167:
Figure 10-13. Seven-stage pump dest
Page 168 and 169:
Page 170 and 171:
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Page 176 and 177:
Page 178 and 179:
Pipeline, Waterflood and COa Pumps
Page 180 and 181:
Page 182 and 183:
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Page 188 and 189:
11 By Edward Gravelle Sundstrand Fl
Page 190 and 191:
High Speed Pumps 175 History and De
Page 192 and 193:
High Speed Pumps 177 Figure 11-2. (
Page 194 and 195:
High Speed Pumps 179 some portion o
Page 196 and 197:
High Speed Pumps 181 This is to say
Page 198 and 199:
High Speed Pumps 183 This expressio
Page 200 and 201:
High Speed Pumps 185 Figure 11-3. P
Page 202 and 203:
High Speed Pumps 187 As an aside, p
Page 204 and 205:
High Speed Pumps 189 Figure 11-5. I
Page 206 and 207:
High Speed Pumps 191 Figure 11-7. I
Page 208 and 209:
High Speed Pumps 193 Figure 11-9. R
Page 210 and 211:
High Speed Pumps 195 Figure 11-10.
Page 212 and 213:
High Speed Pumps 19? Figure 11-11.
Page 214 and 215:
High Speed Pumps 199
Page 216 and 217:
High Speed Pumps 201 Figure 11-13.
Page 218 and 219:
High Speed Pumps 203 nal bearings a
Page 220 and 221:
High Speed Pumps 205 Barske, U, M.,
Page 222 and 223:
Double-Case Pumps 207 jected to ext
Page 224 and 225:
Double-Case Pumps 209 Figure 12-3.
Page 226 and 227:
Page 228 and 229:
Double-Case Pumps 213 ally by split
Page 230 and 231:
Double-Case Pumps 215 The throttle
Page 232 and 233:
Figure 12-11. pump for 4,000 psi In
Page 234 and 235:
Double-Case Pumps 219 so that the t
Page 236 and 237:
Page 238 and 239:
Doubte-Case Pumps 223 Volute Casing
Page 240 and 241:
Double-Case Pumps 225 5. Survey of
Page 242 and 243:
Slurry Pumps 227 An approximate com
Page 244 and 245:
Slurry Pumps 229 Figure 13-2. Nomog
Page 246 and 247:
Slurry Pumps 231 Table 13-2 Alloys
Page 248 and 249:
Slurry Pumps 233 Figure 13-3. Class
Page 250 and 251:
Figure 13-4, (A) (B) (C)
Page 252 and 253:
Slurry Pumps 237 There is little to
Page 254 and 255:
Figyre 13-7, (courtesy Pumps, Inc.)
Page 256 and 257:
Flgyr« 13-8, with (courtesy Goulds
Page 258 and 259:
Slurry Pumps 243 ing the pump speed
Page 260 and 261:
Slurry Pumps 245 Where there exists
Page 262 and 263:
Hydraulic Power Recovery Turbines 2
Page 264 and 265:
Page 266 and 267:
Page 268 and 269:
Page 270 and 271:
Page 272 and 273:
Page 274 and 275:
Page 276 and 277:
Page 278 and 279:
Page 280 and 281:
Figure 14-14. Internally adjustable
Page 282 and 283:
Page 284 and 285:
Page 286 and 287:
Page 288 and 289:
Page 290 and 291:
Page 292 and 293:
14-22, Flow of hydraulic recovery a
Page 294 and 295:
Page 296 and 297:
Page 298 and 299:
15 by Frederic W. Buse Ingersolf-Ra
Page 300 and 301:
Chemical Pumps Metallic and Nonmeta
Page 302 and 303:
Page 304 and 305:
Page 306 and 307:
Page 308 and 309:
Page 310 and 311:
Page 312 and 313:
Page 314 and 315:
Page 316 and 317:
Page 318 and 319:
Page 320 and 321:
Page 322 and 323:
Page 324 and 325:
Page 326 and 327:
Page 328 and 329:
Page 330 and 331:
Page 332 and 333:
Page 334 and 335:
Page 336 and 337:
Page 338 and 339:
Driver Chemical Pumps Metallic and
Page 340 and 341:
Page 342 and 343:
Page 344 and 345:
Page 346 and 347:
Part3 Mechanical Design
Page 348 and 349:
16 Shaft Design and Axial Thrust Sh
Page 350 and 351:
Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 335 S
Page 352 and 353:
Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 337 W
Page 354 and 355:
Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 339 T
Page 356 and 357:
Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 341 b
Page 358 and 359:
Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 343 K
Page 360 and 361:
Double-Suction Single-Stage Pumps S
Page 362 and 363:
Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 347 F
Page 364 and 365:
Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 349 F
Page 366 and 367: Shaft Design and Axial Thrust 351 F
Page 368 and 369: D (with subscript) P D P s T T (wit
Page 370 and 371: Mechanical Seals 355 Figure 17-1. M
Page 372 and 373: Mechanical Seats 357 Figure 17-2B.
Page 374 and 375: Mechanical Seals 359 Figure 17-2D.
Page 376 and 377: Mechanical Seals 361 Figure 17-4. H
Page 378 and 379: Mechanical Seals 363 Pressure-Veloc
Page 380 and 381: Mechanical Seals 365 The temperatur
Page 382 and 383: Mechanical Seals 367 Figure 17-7. B
Page 384 and 385: Mechanical Seals 369 Figure 17-9. P
Page 386 and 387: Mechanical Seals 371 where C 3 = 53
Page 388 and 389: Mechanical Seals 373 Classification
Page 390 and 391: Mechanical Seals 375 Double seals m
Page 392 and 393: Mechanical Seals 377 less than 100,
Page 394 and 395: Mechanical Seals 379 Figure 17-19.
Page 396 and 397: Mechanical Seals 381 Table 17-4 Tem
Page 400 and 401: Mechanical Seats 385 steam, is to p
Page 402 and 403: Mechanical Seats 38? rather than a
Page 404 and 405: Mechanical Seals 389 Mechanical Sea
Page 406 and 407: Mechanical Seals 391 seal to work i
Page 410 and 411: Mechanical Seals 395 The measured l
Page 412 and 413: Mechanical Seals 39? Figure 17-34.
Page 418 and 419: Mechanical Seals 403 alignment, par
Page 434 and 435: Mechanical Seats 419 Figure 17-58.
Page 436 and 437: Vibration and Noise in Pumps 421 Re
Page 438 and 439: Vibration and Noise in Pumps 423 me
Page 440 and 441: Vibration and Noise in Pumps 425 in
Page 442 and 443: Vibration and Noise in Pumps 427 pr
Page 444 and 445: Vibration and Noise in Pumps 429 ot
Page 446 and 447: Vibration and Noise in Pumps 431 Fi
Page 448 and 449: Vibration and Noise in Pumps 433 fi
Page 450 and 451: Vibration and Noise in Pumps 435 pr
Page 452 and 453: Vibration and Noise in Pumps 437 up
Page 456 and 457: Vibration and Noise in Pumps 441 na
Page 458 and 459: Vibration and Noise in Pumps 443 A
Page 466 and 467:
Vibration and Noise in Pumps 451 Fi
Page 468 and 469:
Vibration and Noise in Pumps 453 Re
Page 470 and 471:
Page 472 and 473:
Vibration and Noise in Pumps 457 Ac
Page 474 and 475:
Page 476 and 477:
Vibration and Noise in Pumps 461 As
Page 478 and 479:
Vibration and Noise in Pumps 463 ci
Page 480 and 481:
Page 482 and 483:
Vibration and Noise in Pumps 467 sp
Page 484 and 485:
Vibration and Noise in Pumps 469 Be
Page 486 and 487:
Page 488 and 489:
Page 490 and 491:
Vibration and Noise in Pumps 475 Vi
Page 492 and 493:
Page 494 and 495:
Page 496 and 497:
Page 498 and 499:
Page 500 and 501:
Page 502 and 503:
Page 504 and 505:
Vibration and Noise in Pumps 489 pe
Page 506 and 507:
Vibration and Noise in Pumps 491 th
Page 508 and 509:
Vibration and Noise in Pumps 4S3 fo
Page 510 and 511:
Part 4 Extending Pump Life
Page 512 and 513:
19 by Malcolm G. Murray, Jr. Murray
Page 514 and 515:
Alignment 499 Figure 19-2. Pump dam
Page 516 and 517:
Alignment 501 The best designs fail
Page 518 and 519:
Table 19-1 Vertical Alignment Movem
Page 520 and 521:
Table 19-2 Continued Horizontal Ali
Page 522 and 523:
Alignment 507 bearing motors becaus
Page 524 and 525:
Alignment 509 meet results. It shou
Page 526 and 527:
Alignment 511 Determination of Tole
Page 528 and 529:
Table 19-3 Continued Primary Alignm
Page 530 and 531:
Alignment 515 Figure 19-3 A & B. Tw
Page 532 and 533:
Table 19*4 Continued Methods of Cal
Page 534 and 535:
Alignment 510 parallelism/perpendic
Page 536 and 537:
Alignment 521 Table 19-5 continued
Page 538 and 539:
Alignment 523 3. Essinger, J. N., B
Page 540 and 541:
Rolling Element Bearings and Lubric
Page 542 and 543:
Page 544 and 545:
Roiling Element Bearings and Lubric
Page 546 and 547:
Page 548 and 549:
Page 550 and 551:
Page 552 and 553:
Page 554 and 555:
Page 556 and 557:
Page 558 and 559:
Page 560 and 561:
Roiling Element Bearings and Lubric
Page 562 and 563:
Page 564 and 565:
Page 566 and 567:
Page 568 and 569:
Page 570 and 571:
Page 572 and 573:
Failure Analysis Mechanical Seal Re
Page 574 and 575:
Table 21-2 Causes of Seal Failures
Page 576 and 577:
Mechanical Seal Reliability 561 ^mi
Page 578 and 579:
Mechanical Seal Reliability 563 Sea
Page 580 and 581:
Mechanical Seal Reliability 565 run
Page 582 and 583:
Reliability Mechanical Seal Reliabi
Page 584 and 585:
Index A thermal growth, 519-522 ver
Page 586 and 587:
Critical speed analysis. See also V
Page 588 and 589:
Index 573 inlet angle, 37 classific
Page 590 and 591:
Index 575 Shaft design, 333-343 ind
Page 592:
double, 52-54 velocity ratio, 50-51
show all

Centrifugal Pumps Design and Application 2nd ed - Val S. Lobanoff, Robert R. Ross (Butterworth-Heinemann, 1992)

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?