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Centrifugal Pumps Design and Application 2nd ed - Val S. Lobanoff, Robert R. Ross (Butterworth-Heinemann, 1992)

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370 <strong>Centrifugal</strong> <strong>Pumps</strong>: <strong>Design</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Application</strong><br />

Figure 17-11. Double mechanical seal installation clos<strong>ed</strong> loop system with axiat<br />

flow pumping ring (courtesy of John Crane),<br />

Some special applications after periods of shutdown may require that<br />

the process liquid be heat<strong>ed</strong> to maintain the product being pump<strong>ed</strong> as a<br />

liquid. In these instances, the stuffing box must be preheat<strong>ed</strong> prior to<br />

starting the pump to avoid damage to the seal.<br />

Seat Leakage<br />

An estimate for seal leakage in cubic centimeters per minute can be<br />

made from the following equation:

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