WW2-Poland-2015
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
Po incidentu v Gleiwitzu (današnje Gliwice) so nemške enote vkorakale na Poljsko iz severa, juga in zahoda. Poljska<br />
vojska, ki je bila razpšeno razporejena v obrambi svojih dolgih meja, se je bila prisiljena umakniti na vzhod. Po poljskem<br />
porazu v bitki pri Bzuri v sredini septembra so si Nemci pridobili neizpodbitno korist. Poljske enote so se nato pričele<br />
umikati proti jugovzhodu, sledeč načrtu za kasnejšo obrambo na t.i. Romunskem mostišču (poljsko: Przedmoście<br />
rumuńskie), kjer bi počakale na pričakovano odrešitev Zaveznikov in nato izvedle protinapad.[6]<br />
17. septembra 1939 je sovjetska Rdeča armada v sodelovanju z Nemčijo vdrla v vzhodne regije Poljske.[7] Sovjeti so<br />
ciljali na svoj kos iz skrivnega dodatka v paktu Hitler-Stalin, ki je razdelila vzhodno Evropo pod vpliv Sovjetov ter<br />
Tretjega rajha.<br />
Aftermath<br />
<strong>Poland</strong>'s defeat was the inevitable outcome of the Warsaw government's illusions about the actions its allies would<br />
take, as well as of its over-estimation of the Polish Army's ability to offer lengthy resistance.<br />
<strong>Poland</strong> was divided among Germany, the Soviet Union, and Slovakia. Lithuania received the city of Vilnius and its<br />
environs on 28 October 1939 from the Soviet Union. On 8 and 13 September 1939, the German military districts of<br />
"Posen" (Poznan)—commanded by General Alfred von Vollard-Bockelberg—and "Westpreußen" (West Prussia)—<br />
commanded by General Walter Heitz—were established in conquered Greater <strong>Poland</strong> and Pomerelia,<br />
respectively.[86] Based on laws of 21 May 1935 and 1 June 1938, the German Wehrmacht shared its administrative<br />
powers with civilian "chief civil administrators" (Chefs der Zivilverwaltung, CdZ).[87] German dictator Adolf<br />
Hitler appointed Arthur Greiser to become the CdZ of the Posen military district, and Danzig's Gauleiter Albert<br />
Forster to become the CdZ of the West Prussian military district.[86] On 3 October, the military districts "Lodz" and<br />
"Krakau" (Cracow) were set up under command of Generalobersten (Colonel-Generals) Gerd von<br />
Rundstedt and Wilhelm List, and Hitler appointed Hans Frank and Arthur Seyss-Inquart as civil heads,<br />
respectively.[86] At the same time, Frank was appointed "supreme chief administrator" for all occupied<br />
territories.[86] On 28 September, another secret German-Soviet protocol modified the arrangements of August: all of<br />
Lithuania was shifted to the Soviet sphere of influence; in exchange, the dividing line in <strong>Poland</strong> was moved in<br />
Germany's favour, eastwards towards the Bug River. On 8 October, Germany formally annexed the western parts of<br />
<strong>Poland</strong> with Greiser and Forster as Reichsstatthalter, while the south-central parts were administered as the General<br />
Government led by Frank.<br />
German and Soviet troops shaking hands following the invasion<br />
Even though water barriers separated most of the spheres of interest, the Soviet and German troops met on numerous<br />
occasions. The most remarkable event of this kind occurred at Brest-Litovsk on 22 September. The German<br />
19th Panzer Corps—commanded by General Heinz Guderian—had occupied the city, which lay within the Soviet<br />
sphere of interest. When the Soviet 29th Tank Brigade—commander by S. M. Krivoshein—approached, the<br />
commanders negotiated that the German troops would withdraw and the Soviet troops would enter the city saluting<br />
each other.[88] At Brest-Litovsk, Soviet and German commanders held a joint victory parade before German forces<br />
Page11