Harnessing Solar energy, Options for India
A study on harnessing solar energy options for India was conducted recently by Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation, Climate works Foundation and SSN foundation. Supporting this study it has been concluded that solar energy can play a big role in providing electricity to rural areas and thus has been included in India’s rural electrification policy. See more at: http://shaktifoundation.in/report/harnessing-solar-energy-options-for-india/ A study on harnessing solar energy options for India was conducted recently by Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation, Climate works Foundation and SSN foundation. Supporting this study it has been concluded that solar energy can play a big role in providing electricity to rural areas and thus has been included in India’s rural electrification policy. See more at: http://shaktifoundation.in/report/harnessing-solar-energy-options-for-india/
Figure 20: The Box Cooker (Source: http://mnre.gov.in/solarboxcooker.htm) Figure 21: The Dish Cooker (Source: Trans Solar Technologies) The community (Scheffler) solar cooker seen in Figure 22 uses parabolic reflector dishes to concentrate solar energy on a cooking vessel that allows cooking to take place in a conventional kitchen. The dish is able to track the sun throughout the day to ensure continuous cooking, similar to the dish cooker. Temperatures up to 400°C can be achieved, and it can cater to forty to fifty people. Figure 22: The Community Solar Cooker (Source: CSTEP) 3.2. Concentrated Paraboloid Solar Cooking (CPSC) For cooking in large establishments where hundreds or thousands of people are served, the use of an indirect method for cooking is preferable. Indirect cookers separate the solar energy collection element from the cooking area using a heat transport medium to bring the collected energy into the cooking area. The preferred heat transport medium is water (steam). In the solar steam cooking system, a number of parabolic solar concentrators are deployed to heat water and form steam, which can be effectively used for large-scale cooking in community kitchens. 21 There is an automatic tracking system for the concentrators to track the sun. The CPSC system (Figure 23) is a partial energy delivery system; it cannot act as a standalone system. Diesel or LPG may be used as back-up to generate the steam. Hence, there is no need for a separate cooking arrangement. Solar Thermal Applications CSTEP | Page 96
Figure 23: Schematic of the CPSC (Source: CSTEP) Economic Analysis of the CPSC In this analysis, assumptions are based on data available from multiple existing installations in India. The MNRE uses a normative cost of `18,000/m 2 of collector area. The cost of the solar cooking system (including the concentrators, steam pipes and tracking system) is considered to be around `10,000/m 2 of collector area, based upon the various existing CPSC installations in India, which is substantially lower than the normative cost assumed by the government. a,22 A system that provides 600 meals a day in order to feed 300 people twice a day is considered (Table 26). This requires 300 kg of steam to be produced, 23 and 1 m 2 of concentrator area can usually produce 3.5 kg of steam. If a standard collector size of 7.2 m 2 is used, twelve concentrators (six pairs) are required, which would give a total concentrator area of 86.4 m 2 . Thus, the system cost is approximately `864,000 without subsidy. a An approximate average of seven CPSC installations in India (http://www.teda.gov.in/page/Solar-Ann1.htm). Solar Thermal Applications CSTEP | Page 97
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- Page 55: consumed by the customers will grad
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- Page 62 and 63: decentralised in that banks and oth
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- Page 66 and 67: Table 11: Models of Dissemination D
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- Page 70 and 71: NPV of Govt. Subsidies (` in Lakhs)
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- Page 74 and 75: electrification, assuming a solar s
- Page 76 and 77: electrical energy output of the arr
- Page 78 and 79: Table 18: Estimation of Potential f
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- Page 82 and 83: 14 12 2.47 0.74 10 0.91 0.47 LCOE (
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- Page 94 and 95: Figure 19: Solar Dryer Installation
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- Page 100 and 101: for the residential and commercial
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- Page 111 and 112: Annexure 2 - List of Figures Introd
- Page 113 and 114: Annexure 4 - List of Acronyms AC AC
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- Page 117 and 118: 21 RPS System in Japan, http://www.
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Figure 20: The Box Cooker<br />
(Source: http://mnre.gov.in/solarboxcooker.htm)<br />
Figure 21: The Dish Cooker<br />
(Source: Trans <strong>Solar</strong> Technologies)<br />
The community (Scheffler) solar cooker seen in Figure 22 uses parabolic reflector dishes to<br />
concentrate solar <strong>energy</strong> on a cooking vessel that allows cooking to take place in a conventional<br />
kitchen. The dish is able to track the sun throughout the day to ensure continuous cooking, similar to<br />
the dish cooker. Temperatures up to 400°C can be achieved, and it can cater to <strong>for</strong>ty to fifty people.<br />
Figure 22: The Community <strong>Solar</strong> Cooker<br />
(Source: CSTEP)<br />
3.2. Concentrated Paraboloid <strong>Solar</strong> Cooking (CPSC)<br />
For cooking in large establishments where hundreds or thousands of people are served, the use of an<br />
indirect method <strong>for</strong> cooking is preferable. Indirect cookers separate the solar <strong>energy</strong> collection<br />
element from the cooking area using a heat transport medium to bring the collected <strong>energy</strong> into the<br />
cooking area. The preferred heat transport medium is water (steam). In the solar steam cooking<br />
system, a number of parabolic solar concentrators are deployed to heat water and <strong>for</strong>m steam,<br />
which can be effectively used <strong>for</strong> large-scale cooking in community kitchens. 21 There is an automatic<br />
tracking system <strong>for</strong> the concentrators to track the sun. The CPSC system (Figure 23) is a partial<br />
<strong>energy</strong> delivery system; it cannot act as a standalone system. Diesel or LPG may be used as back-up<br />
to generate the steam. Hence, there is no need <strong>for</strong> a separate cooking arrangement.<br />
<strong>Solar</strong> Thermal Applications CSTEP | Page 96
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