Harnessing Solar energy, Options for India
A study on harnessing solar energy options for India was conducted recently by Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation, Climate works Foundation and SSN foundation. Supporting this study it has been concluded that solar energy can play a big role in providing electricity to rural areas and thus has been included in India’s rural electrification policy. See more at: http://shaktifoundation.in/report/harnessing-solar-energy-options-for-india/ A study on harnessing solar energy options for India was conducted recently by Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation, Climate works Foundation and SSN foundation. Supporting this study it has been concluded that solar energy can play a big role in providing electricity to rural areas and thus has been included in India’s rural electrification policy. See more at: http://shaktifoundation.in/report/harnessing-solar-energy-options-for-india/
Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................................. 9 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................ 11 1. JNNSM TARGETS ......................................................................................................................................... 12 1.1. Commentary on the JNNSM .................................................................................................................. 12 2. PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS ..................................................................................................................... 13 2.1. Solar PV Options for Rural Electrification in India ............................................................................. 13 2.2. Solar-PV-based Irrigation Pump Sets ................................................................................................... 14 2.3. Rooftop PV Systems for diesel use abatement ....................................................................................... 15 3. SOLAR THERMAL APPLICATIONS .................................................................................................................. 15 3.1. Recommendations ................................................................................................................................. 16 4. CUMULATIVE CAPACITY, GRID PARITY AND COST ....................................................................................... 16 4.1. Recommendations ................................................................................................................................. 16 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................. 21 1. THE CURRENT ENERGY MIX ......................................................................................................................... 21 2. WHY SOLAR? ................................................................................................................................................ 22 3. SOLAR RADIATION ........................................................................................................................................ 23 4. SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES: THE BASICS............................................................................................................. 24 PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY ............................................................................................................... 27 1. TYPES OF PV CELLS ...................................................................................................................................... 27 2. PERFORMANCE .............................................................................................................................................. 27 3. TECHNOLOGY TRADE-OFF ............................................................................................................................. 28 3.1. Technological Challenges ..................................................................................................................... 28 3.2. Efficiency Challenges ............................................................................................................................ 28 3.3. Environmental Challenges .................................................................................................................... 29 4. MANUFACTURING SUPPLY CHAIN ................................................................................................................. 29 5. GLOBAL POLICIES AND INSTALLED CAPACITIES ........................................................................................... 29 5.1. Germany................................................................................................................................................ 30 5.2. Spain ..................................................................................................................................................... 31 5.3. The USA ................................................................................................................................................ 31 5.4. Japan ..................................................................................................................................................... 31 5.5. China ..................................................................................................................................................... 32 6. CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................................. 32 INDIA’S SOLAR-SPECIFIC POLICIES ........................................................................................................ 35 1. HISTORY OF INDIAN SOLAR POLICY AND UNIVERSAL ELECTRIFICATION: A TIMELINE ................................ 35 2. POLICY GUIDELINES OF THE NATIONAL SOLAR MISSION .............................................................................. 35 3. RENEWABLE ENERGY CERTIFICATES ............................................................................................................ 42 4. COMMENTARY ON JNNSM POLICY GUIDELINES .......................................................................................... 43 4.1. Photovoltaic Policies ............................................................................................................................ 43 4.2. Solar Thermal Policies ......................................................................................................................... 46 CUMULATIVE CAPACITY, GRID PARITY AND COST........................................................................... 51 1. SOLAR PV COST CURVES AND GRID PARITY ................................................................................................ 51 1.1. Cost Projection of the Solar PV System ................................................................................................ 51 2. SOLAR PV CAPACITY ADDITION IN INDIA ..................................................................................................... 53 Are There Lessons to be learnt from Wind Energy? .................................................................................... 53 3. CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER PROJECTIONS .............................................................................................. 54
- Page 3 and 4: Harnessing Solar Energy: Options fo
- Page 5: Foreword Worship the sun god, the L
- Page 9: Acknowledgements We would like to t
- Page 12 and 13: solar-specific policies, targets se
- Page 14 and 15: 2.1.1. Recommendations Solar lighti
- Page 16 and 17: It is difficult to estimate the pot
- Page 21 and 22: Introduction The Jawaharlal Nehru N
- Page 23 and 24: not have access to a clean energy s
- Page 25 and 26: Introduction CSTEP | Page 25
- Page 27 and 28: 1. Types of PV cells Photovoltaic T
- Page 29 and 30: improving efficiencies of modules,
- Page 31 and 32: Degression of tariffs: From 2003 on
- Page 35 and 36: India’s Solar-specific Policies T
- Page 37 and 38: Year Policy Description 11 January
- Page 39 and 40: Solar project developers (SPDs) can
- Page 41 and 42: Selection of SPDs Source: Compiled
- Page 43 and 44: Figure 6: Operational Framework for
- Page 45 and 46: Table 7: Alternate Use of Capital O
- Page 47: number of solar thermal installatio
- Page 52 and 53: The module costs are linked to glob
- Page 54 and 55: 3. Concentrated Solar Power Project
Contents<br />
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................................. 9<br />
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................ 11<br />
1. JNNSM TARGETS ......................................................................................................................................... 12<br />
1.1. Commentary on the JNNSM .................................................................................................................. 12<br />
2. PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS ..................................................................................................................... 13<br />
2.1. <strong>Solar</strong> PV <strong>Options</strong> <strong>for</strong> Rural Electrification in <strong>India</strong> ............................................................................. 13<br />
2.2. <strong>Solar</strong>-PV-based Irrigation Pump Sets ................................................................................................... 14<br />
2.3. Rooftop PV Systems <strong>for</strong> diesel use abatement ....................................................................................... 15<br />
3. SOLAR THERMAL APPLICATIONS .................................................................................................................. 15<br />
3.1. Recommendations ................................................................................................................................. 16<br />
4. CUMULATIVE CAPACITY, GRID PARITY AND COST ....................................................................................... 16<br />
4.1. Recommendations ................................................................................................................................. 16<br />
INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................. 21<br />
1. THE CURRENT ENERGY MIX ......................................................................................................................... 21<br />
2. WHY SOLAR? ................................................................................................................................................ 22<br />
3. SOLAR RADIATION ........................................................................................................................................ 23<br />
4. SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES: THE BASICS............................................................................................................. 24<br />
PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY ............................................................................................................... 27<br />
1. TYPES OF PV CELLS ...................................................................................................................................... 27<br />
2. PERFORMANCE .............................................................................................................................................. 27<br />
3. TECHNOLOGY TRADE-OFF ............................................................................................................................. 28<br />
3.1. Technological Challenges ..................................................................................................................... 28<br />
3.2. Efficiency Challenges ............................................................................................................................ 28<br />
3.3. Environmental Challenges .................................................................................................................... 29<br />
4. MANUFACTURING SUPPLY CHAIN ................................................................................................................. 29<br />
5. GLOBAL POLICIES AND INSTALLED CAPACITIES ........................................................................................... 29<br />
5.1. Germany................................................................................................................................................ 30<br />
5.2. Spain ..................................................................................................................................................... 31<br />
5.3. The USA ................................................................................................................................................ 31<br />
5.4. Japan ..................................................................................................................................................... 31<br />
5.5. China ..................................................................................................................................................... 32<br />
6. CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................................. 32<br />
INDIA’S SOLAR-SPECIFIC POLICIES ........................................................................................................ 35<br />
1. HISTORY OF INDIAN SOLAR POLICY AND UNIVERSAL ELECTRIFICATION: A TIMELINE ................................ 35<br />
2. POLICY GUIDELINES OF THE NATIONAL SOLAR MISSION .............................................................................. 35<br />
3. RENEWABLE ENERGY CERTIFICATES ............................................................................................................ 42<br />
4. COMMENTARY ON JNNSM POLICY GUIDELINES .......................................................................................... 43<br />
4.1. Photovoltaic Policies ............................................................................................................................ 43<br />
4.2. <strong>Solar</strong> Thermal Policies ......................................................................................................................... 46<br />
CUMULATIVE CAPACITY, GRID PARITY AND COST........................................................................... 51<br />
1. SOLAR PV COST CURVES AND GRID PARITY ................................................................................................ 51<br />
1.1. Cost Projection of the <strong>Solar</strong> PV System ................................................................................................ 51<br />
2. SOLAR PV CAPACITY ADDITION IN INDIA ..................................................................................................... 53<br />
Are There Lessons to be learnt from Wind Energy? .................................................................................... 53<br />
3. CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER PROJECTIONS .............................................................................................. 54
Change language