BEHAVIOR

THINKING WITH MENTAL MODELS
73
school enrollment and in the broad participation of
low-caste individuals in the political process. Yet children
are still likely to encounter the traditional order
of caste, segregation, and untouchability in their own
experiences, through the fables they learn and in
the continued discrimination, insults, and atrocities
against upwardly mobile members of low castes.
10. A seminal work on the ability of cues to an identity
stereotyped as intellectually inferior to impair cognitive
performance is Steele and Aronson (1995). The
argument in this chapter is that identity cues may
affect preferences to expend effort, as well as the ability
to perform, by triggering a sense of entitlement or
a particular social role.
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