PREVENCIJA I SANIRANJE POSLJEDICA

The protection and rescue systems for the prevention and remediation of
the catastrophes and other disasters in the Western Balkan countries
- political, legal and safety-protection aspects -
Summary
The subject of the study in this work are political-legal and safety-protection aspects of the
systems for protection and rescue in prevention and remediation of the catastrophes and other
disasters in Western Balkan countries. The significant attempt is done to make the notions
‘'civil defense ’' , ‘’civil protection’’, ‘'civil defense system'' and ‘'civil protection system’'
reach acceptable working definitions of the notions ‘'protection and rescue'' and ‘'protection
and rescue system’' by inductive-deductive approach in the study.
Moreover, the model of the protection and rescue systems in the Western Balkan countries,
which is coordinated with international legal norms and which is compatible with similar
systems in developed countries of the European Union, is proposed in the study starting from
different organizational and functional arrangement systems for the protection and the rescue.
Suggested model of protection and rescue system includes: system management, with the
Minister for Emergency Situations at the helm; preparedness plans / readiness (including
crisis management); common basis for planning (methodology, concepts, models,
mechanisms, procedures, etc.); prevention (preventive measures which can prevent accidents
or reduce their frequency and consequences); unique education of those persons who are
involved in the protection and rescue; the continued implementation of training and exercises;
occasional evaluation of the model; continuous analysis of the model functioning; lessons
learned from practice of model implementation.
Uvod
Prevencija i akcija nacionalnih država i meunarodnih organizacija u borbi protiv
katastrofa i drugih nesrea je neopravdano zapostavljena, kako u teoriji, tako i u praksi. Ova
tema nije tako esto bila predmet naunih i strunih razmatranja i nije nauno i struno
obraivana u vidu ozbiljnijih naunih projekata u naunim institutima ili u vidu projekata
meunarodnih organizacija, ukljuujui i doktorske disertacije i magistarke teze na
univerzitetima. U zemljama Zapadnog Balkana postoji samo nekoliko udžbenika o civilnoj
zaštiti i zaštiti i spasavanju prof. dr Jakovljevia i armatija sa Fakulteta bezbednosti u
Beogradu i nekoliko udžbenika autora sa srodnih fakulteta u Sarajevu, Zagrebu, Skoplju i
Ljubljni koji nisu u svim aspektima aktuelni i optereeni su teorijom i praksom civilne
odbrane i civilne zaštite kakva se decenijama razvijala na prostorima ovih zemalja. ak šta
više, ni svetska literatura ne zahvata u potpunosti aktuelne probleme zaštite i spašavanja
kakve zaslužuje ubrzani proces globalnih klimatskih promena i savremeni period razvoja
suverenih zemalja.
Imajui u vidu takvo stanje u ovoj oblasti, vredno je pažnje da su na jednom uglednom
privatnom univerzitetu, evropske orjentacije – Evropskom univerzitetu Distrikt Brko,
organizuje dvodnevni meunarodni nauni skup koji e po oceni šire strune javnosti
predstavljati znaajan nauni i društveni doprinos unapreenju teorije društvenih sistema i
unapreenju prakse upravljanja složenim sistemima zaštite i spašavanja u kriznim situacijama