PREVENCIJA I SANIRANJE POSLJEDICA

Mirnesa Rovanin*
Dragan Janji**
POPLAVE U SLIVU RIJEKE SAVE NA TERITORIJI BIH
REZIME:
Na teritoriji Bosne i Hercegovine u priobalju rijeke Save, nalaze se dva najkritinija podruja koja su
se i ranije branila od poplava, podruje Odžaka i srednja Posavina, sa izgraenim zaštitnim objektima.
Poplave su prirodni fenomeni, ija se pojava ne može izbjei, ali se pravovremenim poduzimanjem
graevinskih i negraevinskih radnji i mjera, poveanjem svijesti o opasnosti od poplava, podizanjem
stepena pripravnosti i edukacijom stanovništva, poplavni rizici mogu se svesti na najmanji nivo.
Stanje koje se desilo u podruju sliva rijeke Save je stanje akcidentne poplave, jer je došlo do pucanja
izgraenih nasipa, te su se pojavila klizišta na mnogim mjestima. Poslednje poplave koje su zadesile
našu zemlju u maju prošle godine, imaju ogromne posljedice i po saobraaj. Saobraaj je bio prekinut
na mnogim dionicama, a time je sprijeena putna komunikacija na odreenim dijelovima saobraajne
mreže. Šteta koja je nastala prilikom poplava mjeri se u milionima konvertibilnih maraka, a najviše se
odrazila na objekte (prije svega, za stanovanje), privredu i infrastukturu. Dogaaj poplave uzrokuje
intenzivne stresne reakcije. Graani pogoeni poplavom gube osjeaj sigurnosti u vlastitom domu, te
se javlja osjeaj straha od buduih poplava, što ujedno izaziva interes o tome kako se zaštiti od
buduih poplava.
Kljune rijei: klimatske promjene, poplave, štete i procjene poplava, negativne posljedice za
saobraaj, prevencija i sanacija poplava.
ABSTRACT:
On the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina along the Sava River, there are two most critical areas that
were previously defended from flooding, the area of Odžak and central Posavina, with the existing
protective structures. Floods are natural phenomena, whose occurrence can not be avoided, but with
timely construction and other activities and measures, awareness of the danger of flooding, higher
level of alertness and education of the population, flood risks can be reduced to the lowest level.
Condition that occured in the Sava River Basin is a condition of Accidental floods, because the
breakage of the built embankments, and sudden appearance of landslides in many places. Recent
floods which occurred in our country in May last year, have great consequences for traffic. Traffic
was interrupted on many sections, and thus prevented road communication in certain parts of the
traffic network. The damage that occurred during floods is measured in millions of Convertible
Marks, and the most affected are the facilities (primarily for housing), economy and infrastructure.
The flooding has caused a lot of stress for the population. Citizens affected by the flood lost their
sense of safety at home, so there is a sensation of fear of future floodings which may occur, which
also caused interest on how to protect yourself from future flooding.
Key words: climate changes, flooding, damage assessment and flood, negative consequences for
traffic, prevention and rehabilitation of flood.