PhD thesis Title Page Final _Richard Juma - Victoria University ...

prices. The poor become poorer, as they need to sell whatever they have in
order to purchase cereals (Swift 1985; Turkana Drought Contingency Unit
(1992). Toulmin (1986) observes that several case studies about the impact
of drought on pastoral communities in Sub-Saharan Africa show a similar
pattern to that of the Turkana, shown in Figures 14 and 15.
Figure 15: Events in the build up to drought related stress in Turkana.
Changes in the
distribution of
wealth
DROUGHT
EFFECTS
Fall in fodder
availability
- Fertility of
stock falls
- Milk production
falls
- Animals live
weight falls
- Death rates rise
Out migration of
labour
- Fall in efficiency
of herd management
Increased demands for
cereals
- Sales of livestock
Source: Swift (1985) and Turkana Drought Contingency Unit (1992).
146
Long distance
movement
- Conflict with
other herders
- Increased
mortality
from changes
in diet&
exposure to
disease