Apress.Expert.Oracle.Database.Architecture.9i.and.10g.Programming.Techniques.and.Solutions.Sep.2005

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CHAPTER 15 ■ DATA LOADING AND UNLOADING 687 You can see that this time I accessed the file, I successfully loaded four rows, and the log file was created and, in fact, is owned by “Oracle,” not by my operating system account. Dealing with Errors In a perfect world, there would be no errors. The data in the input file would be perfect, and it would all load correctly. That almost never happens. So, how can we track errors with this process? The most common method is to use the BADFILE option. Here, Oracle will record all records that failed processing. For example, if our control file contained a record with DEPTNO 'ABC', that record would fail and end up in the bad file because 'ABC' cannot be converted into a number. We’ll demonstrate this in the following example. First, we add the following as the last line of demo1.ctl (this will add a line of data that cannot be loaded to our input): ABC,XYZ,Hello Next, we run the following command, to prove that the demo1.bad file does not exist yet: ops$tkyte@ORA10G> host ls -l demo1.bad ls: demo1.bad: No such file or directory Then we query the external table to display the contents: ops$tkyte@ORA10G> select * from SYS_SQLLDR_X_EXT_DEPT; DEPTNO DNAME LOC ---------- -------------- ------------- 10 Sales Virginia 20 Accounting Virginia 30 Consulting Virginia 40 Finance Virginia Now we will find that the file exists and we can review its contents: ops$tkyte@ORA10G> host ls -l demo1.bad -rw-r--r-- 1 ora10g ora10g 14 Jul 17 10:53 demo1.bad ops$tkyte@ORA10G> host cat demo1.bad ABC,XYZ,Hello But how can we programmatically inspect these bad records and the log that is generated? Fortunately, that is easy to do by using yet another external table. Suppose we set up this external table: ops$tkyte@ORA10G> create table et_bad 2 ( text1 varchar2(4000) , 3 text2 varchar2(4000) , 4 text3 varchar2(4000) 5 ) 6 organization external
688 CHAPTER 15 ■ DATA LOADING AND UNLOADING 7 (type oracle_loader 8 default directory SYS_SQLLDR_XT_TMPDIR_00000 9 access parameters 10 ( 11 records delimited by newline 12 fields 13 missing field values are null 14 ( text1 position(1:4000), 15 text2 position(4001:8000), 16 text3 position(8001:12000) 17 ) 18 ) 19 location ('demo1.bad') 20 ) 21 / Table created. This is just a table that can read any file without failing on a datatype error, as long as the lines in the file consist of fewer than 12,000 characters. If have more than 12,000 characters, then we can simply add more text columns to accommodate them. We can clearly see the rejected records via a simple query: ops$tkyte@ORA10G> select * from et_bad; TEXT1 TEXT2 TEXT3 --------------- --------------- --------------- ABC,XYZ,Hello A COUNT(*) could tell us how many records were rejected. Another external table created on the log file associated with this external table could tell us why the record was rejected. We would need to go one step further to make this a repeatable process, however. The reason is that the bad file is not “blanked” out if there were no errors in our use of the external table. So, if there were some preexisting bad file with data in it and our external table generated no errors, we would be misled into thinking there were errors. I’ve taken three approaches in the past to resolve this issue: • Use UTL_FILE and reset the bad file—truncate it, in effect, by simply opening it for write and closing it. • Use UTL_FILE to rename any preexisting bad files, preserving their contents, but allowing us to create a new one. • Incorporate the PID into the bad (and log) file names. We’ll demonstrate this later in the “Multiuser Issues” section. In that fashion, we’ll be able to tell if the bad records in the bad file were generated by us just recently or if they were left over from some older version of the file itself and are not meaningful.
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Expert Oracle Database Architecture
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Contents Foreword . . . . . . . . .
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■CONTENTS v Block Buffer Cache .
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■CONTENTS vii ■CHAPTER 9 Redo a
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■CONTENTS ix ■CHAPTER 12 Dataty
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Foreword “THINK.” In 1914, Thom
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■FOREWORD xiii Tom is an aficiona
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About the Technical Reviewers ■JO
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Introduction The inspiration for th
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■INTRODUCTION xix • Exposure to
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■INTRODUCTION xxi Chapter 3: File
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■INTRODUCTION xxiii Next up are t
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Setting Up Your Environment In this
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CHAPTER 1 ■ DEVELOPING SUCCESSFUL
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CHAPTER 4 ■ MEMORY STRUCTURES 117
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Page 694 and 695: CHAPTER 15 ■ ■ ■ Data Loading
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Apress.Expert.Oracle.Database.Architecture.9i.and.10g.Programming.Techniques.and.Solutions.Sep.2005

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