Apress.Expert.Oracle.Database.Architecture.9i.and.10g.Programming.Techniques.and.Solutions.Sep.2005

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CHAPTER 15 ■ DATA LOADING AND UNLOADING 671 ops$tkyte@ORA10G> host echo 'Hello World!' > /tmp/test.txt ops$tkyte@ORA10G> declare 2 l_clob clob; 3 l_bfile bfile; 4 begin 5 insert into demo values ( 1, empty_clob() ) 6 returning theclob into l_clob; 7 8 l_bfile := bfilename( 'DIR1', 'test.txt' ); 9 dbms_lob.fileopen( l_bfile ); 10 11 dbms_lob.loadfromfile( l_clob, l_bfile, 12 dbms_lob.getlength( l_bfile ) ); 13 14 dbms_lob.fileclose( l_bfile ); 15 end; 16 / PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. ops$tkyte@ORA10G> select dbms_lob.getlength(theClob), theClob from demo 2 / DBMS_LOB.GETLENGTH(THECLOB) THECLOB --------------------------- --------------- 13 Hello World! Walking through the preceding code we see • On lines 5 and 6, we create a row in our table, set the CLOB to an EMPTY_CLOB(), and retrieve its value in one call. With the exception of temporary LOBs, LOBs “live” in the database—we cannot write to a LOB variable without having a pointer to either a temporary LOB or a LOB that is already in the database. An EMPTY_CLOB() is not a NULL CLOB; it is a valid non-NULL pointer to an empty structure. The other thing this did for us was to get a LOB locator, which points to data in a row that is locked. If we were to have selected this value out without locking the underlying row, our attempts to write to it would fail because LOBs must be locked prior to writing (unlike other structured data). By inserting the row, we have, of course, locked the row. If we were modifying an existing row instead of inserting, we would have used SELECT FOR UPDATE to retrieve and lock the row. • On line 8, we create a BFILE object. Note how we use DIR1 in uppercase—this is key, as we will see in a moment. This is because we are passing to BFILENAME() the name of an object, not the object itself. Therefore, we must ensure the name matches the case Oracle has stored for this object. • On line 9, we open the LOB. This will allow us to read it.
672 CHAPTER 15 ■ DATA LOADING AND UNLOADING • On lines 11 and 12, we load the entire contents of the operating system file /tmp/ test.txt into the LOB locator we just inserted. We use DBMS_LOB.GETLENGTH() to tell the LOADFROMFILE() routine how many bytes of the BFILE to load (all of them). • Lastly, on line 14, we close the BFILE we opened, and the CLOB is loaded. If we had attempted to use dir1 instead of DIR1 in the preceding example, we would have encountered the following error: ops$tkyte@ORA10G> declare ... 6 returning theclob into l_clob; 7 8 l_bfile := bfilename( 'dir1', 'test.txt' ); 9 dbms_lob.fileopen( l_bfile ); ... 15 end; 16 / declare * ERROR at line 1: ORA-22285: non-existent directory or file for FILEOPEN operation ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_LOB", line 523 ORA-06512: at line 9 This is because the directory dir1 does not exist—DIR1 does. If you prefer to use directory names in mixed case, you should use quoted identifiers when creating them as we did for dir2. This will allow you to write code as shown here: ops$tkyte@ORA10G> declare 2 l_clob clob; 3 l_bfile bfile; 4 begin 5 insert into demo values ( 1, empty_clob() ) 6 returning theclob into l_clob; 7 8 l_bfile := bfilename( 'dir2', 'test.txt' ); 9 dbms_lob.fileopen( l_bfile ); 10 11 dbms_lob.loadfromfile( l_clob, l_bfile, 12 dbms_lob.getlength( l_bfile ) ); 13 14 dbms_lob.fileclose( l_bfile ); 15 end; 16 / PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. There are methods other than the load from file routines by which you can populate a LOB using PL/SQL. Using DBMS_LOB and its supplied routines is by far the easiest if you are going to load the entire file. If you need to process the contents of the file while loading it,
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Expert Oracle Database Architecture
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Contents Foreword . . . . . . . . .
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■CONTENTS v Block Buffer Cache .
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■CONTENTS vii ■CHAPTER 9 Redo a
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■CONTENTS ix ■CHAPTER 12 Dataty
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Foreword “THINK.” In 1914, Thom
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■FOREWORD xiii Tom is an aficiona
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About the Technical Reviewers ■JO
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Introduction The inspiration for th
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■INTRODUCTION xix • Exposure to
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■INTRODUCTION xxi Chapter 3: File
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■INTRODUCTION xxiii Next up are t
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Setting Up Your Environment In this
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CHAPTER 1 ■ ■ ■ Developing Su
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CHAPTER 1 ■ DEVELOPING SUCCESSFUL
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 71 all operatio
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 89 A Brief Revi
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 91 Redundant Ar
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 93 (data from m
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 95 dictionary t
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CHAPTER 4 ■ MEMORY STRUCTURES 117
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CHAPTER 5 ■ ORACLE PROCESSES 157
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CHAPTER 6 ■ ■ ■ Locking and L
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CHAPTER 6 ■ LOCKING AND LATCHING
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CHAPTER 8 ■ ■ ■ Transactions
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284 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO cri
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338 CHAPTER 10 ■ DATABASE TABLES
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CHAPTER 11 ■ ■ ■ Indexes Inde
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 423 value of
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