Apress.Expert.Oracle.Database.Architecture.9i.and.10g.Programming.Techniques.and.Solutions.Sep.2005

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CHAPTER 10 ■ DATABASE TABLES 417 DATA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hello World! If we select out the SYS_NC_OID$ column and inspect the HEX dump of the string we inserted, we see that the row data itself is embedded in the object ID. Converting the object ID into a VARCHAR2, we can confirm that visually. Does that mean our data is stored twice with a lot of overhead with it? No, it is not—it is just factored into that magic thing that is the SYS_NC_ OID$ column upon retrieval. Oracle synthesizes the data upon selecting from the table. Now for an opinion. The object-relational components (nested tables and object tables) are primarily what I call “syntactic sugar.” They are always translated into good old relational rows and columns. I prefer not to use them as physical storage mechanisms personally. There are too many bits of “magic” happening—side effects that are not clear. You get hidden columns, extra indexes, surprise pseudo columns, and so on. This does not mean that the object-relational components are a waste of time—on the contrary, I use them in PL/SQL constantly. I use them with object views. I can achieve the benefits of a nested table construct (less data returned over the network for a master/detail relationship, conceptually easier to work with, and so on) without any of the physical storage concerns. That is because I can use object views to synthesize my objects from my relational data. This solves most of my concerns with object tables/nested tables in that the physical storage is dictated by me, the join conditions are set up by me, and the tables are available as relational tables (which is what many third-party tools and applications will demand) naturally. The people who require an object view of relational data can have it, and the people who need the relational view can have it. Since object tables are really relational tables in disguise, we are doing the same thing Oracle does for us behind the scenes, only we can do it more efficiently, since we don’t have to do it generically as they do. For example, using the types defined earlier, I could just as easily use the following: ops$tkyte@ORA10G> create table people_tab 2 ( name varchar2(30) primary key, 3 dob date, 4 home_city varchar2(30), 5 home_street varchar2(30), 6 home_state varchar2(2), 7 home_zip number, 8 work_city varchar2(30), 9 work_street varchar2(30), 10 work_state varchar2(2), 11 work_zip number 12 ) 13 / Table created. ops$tkyte@ORA10G> create view people of person_type 2 with object identifier (name) 3 as 4 select name, dob, 5 address_type(home_city,home_street,home_state,home_zip) home_adress,
418 CHAPTER 10 ■ DATABASE TABLES 6 address_type(work_city,work_street,work_state,work_zip) work_adress 7 from people_tab 8 / View created. ops$tkyte@ORA10G> insert into people values ( 'Tom', '15-mar-1965', 2 address_type( 'Reston', '123 Main Street', 'Va', '45678' ), 3 address_type( 'Redwood', '1 Oracle Way', 'Ca', '23456' ) ); 1 row created. However I achieve very much the same effect, I know exactly what is stored, how it is stored, and where it is stored. For more complex objects, we may have to code INSTEAD OF triggers on the object views to allow for modifications through the view. Object Tables Wrap-Up Object tables are used to implement an object relational model in Oracle. A single object table will create many physical database objects typically, and add additional columns to your schema to manage everything. There is some amount of “magic” associated with object tables. Object views allow you to take advantage of the syntax and semantics of “objects,” while at the same time retaining complete control over the physical storage of the data and allowing for relational access to the underlying data. In that fashion, you can achieve the best of both the relational and object-relational worlds. Summary Hopefully after reading this chapter, you have come to the conclusion that not all tables are created equal. Oracle provides a rich variety of table types that you can exploit. In this chapter, we have covered many of the salient aspects of tables in general and explored the many different table types Oracle provides for us to use. We began by looking at some terminology and storage parameters associated with tables. We looked at the usefulness of freelists in a multiuser environment where a table is frequently inserted/updated by many people simultaneously, and how the use of ASSM tablespaces could make it so we don’t even have to think about that. We investigated the meaning of PCTFREE and PCTUSED, and developed some guidelines for setting them correctly. Then we got into the different types of tables, starting with the common heap. The heap organized table is by far the most commonly used table in most Oracle applications, and it is the default table type. We moved on to examine index organized tables (IOTs), which provide us with the ability store our table data in an index structure instead of a heap table. We saw how these are applicable for various uses, such as lookup tables and inverted lists, where a heap table would just be a redundant copy of the data. Later, we saw how IOTs can really be useful when mixed with other table types, specifically the nested table type.
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Expert Oracle Database Architecture
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Contents Foreword . . . . . . . . .
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■CONTENTS v Block Buffer Cache .
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■CONTENTS vii ■CHAPTER 9 Redo a
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■CONTENTS ix ■CHAPTER 12 Dataty
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Foreword “THINK.” In 1914, Thom
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■FOREWORD xiii Tom is an aficiona
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About the Technical Reviewers ■JO
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Introduction The inspiration for th
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■INTRODUCTION xix • Exposure to
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■INTRODUCTION xxi Chapter 3: File
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■INTRODUCTION xxiii Next up are t
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Setting Up Your Environment In this
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■SETTING UP YOUR ENVIRONMENT xlii
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CHAPTER 1 ■ ■ ■ Developing Su
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CHAPTER 1 ■ DEVELOPING SUCCESSFUL
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CHAPTER 3 ■ ■ ■ Files In this
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 69 and even dat
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 71 all operatio
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 73 *.cluster_da
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 75 ops$tkyte@OR
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 77 • To maint
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 79 • Resource
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 81 3 l_dummy nu
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 83 Trace Files
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 85 _qerixAlloca
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 87 6 ( 7 TYPE O
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 89 A Brief Revi
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 91 Redundant Ar
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 93 (data from m
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 95 dictionary t
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 99 “accidenta
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 101 So, at the
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 103 Password Fi
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 105 USER is "SY
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 107 Flashback L
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 109 of the requ
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 111 IMPDP, howe
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 113 tkyte@ORA10
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CHAPTER 4 ■ ■ ■ Memory Struct
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CHAPTER 4 ■ MEMORY STRUCTURES 117
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CHAPTER 5 ■ ORACLE PROCESSES 157
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CHAPTER 6 ■ LOCKING AND LATCHING
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CHAPTER 8 ■ ■ ■ Transactions
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284 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO cri
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292 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO Wha
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294 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO row
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296 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO If
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298 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO ops
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332 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO Whe
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334 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO Tha
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338 CHAPTER 10 ■ DATABASE TABLES
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CHAPTER 13 ■ ■ ■ Partitioning
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CHAPTER 13 ■ PARTITIONING 561 els
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CHAPTER 13 ■ PARTITIONING 565 Enh
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Apress.Expert.Oracle.Database.Architecture.9i.and.10g.Programming.Techniques.and.Solutions.Sep.2005

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