Apress.Expert.Oracle.Database.Architecture.9i.and.10g.Programming.Techniques.and.Solutions.Sep.2005

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CHAPTER 4 ■ MEMORY STRUCTURES 143 8 where data_object_id = X.OBJ ) 9 end what 10 from ( 11 select tch, file#, dbablk, obj 12 from x$bh 13 where state 0 14 order by tch desc 15 ) x 16 where rownum 1; DATA_OBJECT_ID COUNT(*) -------------- ---------- 2 17 6 3 8 3 10 3 29 3 161 3 200 3 210 2
144 CHAPTER 4 ■ MEMORY STRUCTURES 10 rows selected. 294 7 559 2 This is due to clusters (discussed in the Chapter 10), which may contain multiple tables. Therefore, when joining from X$BH to DBA_OBJECTS to print out a segment name, we would technically have to list all of the names of all of the objects in the cluster, as a database block does not belong to a single table all of the time. We can even watch as Oracle increments the touch count on a block that we query repeatedly. We will use the magic table DUAL in this example—we know it is a one row, one column table. We need to find out the block information for that single row. The built-in DBMS_ROWID package is good for getting that. Additionally, since we query ROWID from DUAL, we are making Oracle actually read the real DUAL table from the buffer cache, not the “virtual” DUAL table enhancement of Oracle 10g. ■Note Prior to Oracle 10g, querying DUAL would incur a full table scan of a real table named DUAL stored in the data dictionary. If you set autotrace on and query SELECT DUMMY FROM DUAL, you will observe some I/O in all releases of Oracle (consistent gets). In 9i and before, if you query SELECT SYSDATE FROM DUAL or variable := SYSDATE in PL/SQL, you will also see real I/O occur. However, in Oracle 10g, that SELECT SYSDATE is recognized as not needing to actually query the DUAL table (since you are not asking for the column or rowid from dual) and is done in a manner similar to calling a function. Therefore, DUAL does not undergo a full table scan—just SYSDATE is returned to the application. This small change can dramatically decrease the amount of consistent gets a system that uses DUAL heavily performs. So every time we run the following query, we should be hitting the real DUAL table: sys@ORA9IR2> select tch, file#, dbablk, DUMMY 2 from x$bh, (select dummy from dual) 3 where obj = (select data_object_id 4 from dba_objects 5 where object_name = 'DUAL' 6 and data_object_id is not null) 7 / TCH FILE# DBABLK D ---------- ---------- ---------- - 1 1 1617 X 0 1 1618 X sys@ORA9IR2> exec dbms_lock.sleep(3.2); PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
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Expert Oracle Database Architecture
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Contents Foreword . . . . . . . . .
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■CONTENTS v Block Buffer Cache .
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■CONTENTS vii ■CHAPTER 9 Redo a
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■CONTENTS ix ■CHAPTER 12 Dataty
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Foreword “THINK.” In 1914, Thom
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■FOREWORD xiii Tom is an aficiona
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About the Technical Reviewers ■JO
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Introduction The inspiration for th
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■INTRODUCTION xix • Exposure to
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■INTRODUCTION xxi Chapter 3: File
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■INTRODUCTION xxiii Next up are t
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Setting Up Your Environment In this
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■SETTING UP YOUR ENVIRONMENT xxvi
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■SETTING UP YOUR ENVIRONMENT xxix
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■SETTING UP YOUR ENVIRONMENT xxxi
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■SETTING UP YOUR ENVIRONMENT xxxv
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■SETTING UP YOUR ENVIRONMENT xxxv
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■SETTING UP YOUR ENVIRONMENT xli
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■SETTING UP YOUR ENVIRONMENT xlii
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CHAPTER 1 ■ ■ ■ Developing Su
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CHAPTER 1 ■ DEVELOPING SUCCESSFUL
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50 CHAPTER 2 ■ ARCHITECTURE OVERV
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CHAPTER 3 ■ ■ ■ Files In this
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 67 Without a pa
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 69 and even dat
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 71 all operatio
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 73 *.cluster_da
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 75 ops$tkyte@OR
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 77 • To maint
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 79 • Resource
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 81 3 l_dummy nu
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 83 Trace Files
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 85 _qerixAlloca
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 87 6 ( 7 TYPE O
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 89 A Brief Revi
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 91 Redundant Ar
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CHAPTER 6 ■ LOCKING AND LATCHING
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CHAPTER 7 ■ ■ ■ Concurrency a
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CHAPTER 7 ■ CONCURRENCY AND MULTI
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CHAPTER 8 ■ ■ ■ Transactions
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CHAPTER 8 ■ TRANSACTIONS 257 •
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CHAPTER 8 ■ TRANSACTIONS 259 So,
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CHAPTER 8 ■ TRANSACTIONS 261 X --
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CHAPTER 8 ■ TRANSACTIONS 263 “s
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CHAPTER 8 ■ TRANSACTIONS 265 busi
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CHAPTER 8 ■ TRANSACTIONS 267 Many
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CHAPTER 8 ■ TRANSACTIONS 269 ops$
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CHAPTER 8 ■ TRANSACTIONS 271 last
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CHAPTER 8 ■ TRANSACTIONS 273 Dist
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CHAPTER 8 ■ TRANSACTIONS 275 Auto
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CHAPTER 8 ■ TRANSACTIONS 279 5 pr
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CHAPTER 8 ■ TRANSACTIONS 281 scot
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284 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO cri
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286 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO Fir
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288 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO The
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290 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO We
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292 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO Wha
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294 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO row
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296 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO If
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298 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO ops
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300 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO Inv
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302 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO The
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304 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO 41
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306 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO ins
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308 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO So,
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314 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO •
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316 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO ...
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318 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO •
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320 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO bac
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326 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO wil
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328 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO Thi
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332 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO Whe
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334 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO Tha
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336 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO tou
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338 CHAPTER 10 ■ DATABASE TABLES
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CHAPTER 11 ■ ■ ■ Indexes Inde
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 423 value of
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 425 One of t
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 427 We then
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 429 we ended
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 431 The data
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 433 if ( (++
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 435 Table 11
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 437 When Sho
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 439 an 8KB b
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 441 select *
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 445 Indicate
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 447 an index
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 449 Table 11
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 453 column w
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 455 Bitmap j
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 457 INSERT a
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 459 7 l_last
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 461 ops$tkyt
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 463 If we co
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 467 Caveat o
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 471 Frequent
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 475 If you s
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 479 Predicat
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CHAPTER 12 ■ ■ ■ Datatypes Ch
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CHAPTER 12 ■ DATATYPES 491 • TI
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CHAPTER 12 ■ DATATYPES 499 Table
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CHAPTER 12 ■ DATATYPES 505 • BI
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CHAPTER 12 ■ DATATYPES 507 NUMBER
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CHAPTER 12 ■ DATATYPES 511 They a
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CHAPTER 12 ■ DATATYPES 513 ■Not
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CHAPTER 12 ■ DATATYPES 515 Coping
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CHAPTER 12 ■ DATATYPES 521 Format
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CHAPTER 12 ■ DATATYPES 555 ROWID/
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CHAPTER 13 ■ ■ ■ Partitioning
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CHAPTER 13 ■ PARTITIONING 559 6 (
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CHAPTER 13 ■ PARTITIONING 561 els
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CHAPTER 13 ■ PARTITIONING 563 BIG
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CHAPTER 13 ■ PARTITIONING 565 Enh
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CHAPTER 13 ■ PARTITIONING 567 Tab
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CHAPTER 13 ■ PARTITIONING 569 tha
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CHAPTER 13 ■ PARTITIONING 595 Now
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CHAPTER 13 ■ PARTITIONING 601 OLT
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CHAPTER 13 ■ PARTITIONING 605 Sur
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CHAPTER 13 ■ PARTITIONING 607 On
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CHAPTER 13 ■ PARTITIONING 609 Row
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CHAPTER 13 ■ PARTITIONING 611 So,
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CHAPTER 13 ■ PARTITIONING 613 Aud
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CHAPTER 14 ■ ■ ■ Parallel Exe
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CHAPTER 14 ■ PARALLEL EXECUTION 6
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