Apress.Expert.Oracle.Database.Architecture.9i.and.10g.Programming.Techniques.and.Solutions.Sep.2005

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■FOREWORD xiii Tom is an aficionado of the “THINK” and “Think different” slogans. Tom quite obviously also believes in that anonymous wise saying, “Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime.” Tom enjoys sharing his knowledge about Oracle, to the great benefit of our community, but rather than simply dispensing answers to questions, he helps others learn to think and reason. On his web site (http://asktom.oracle.com), in his public speaking engagements, and in this book, Tom implicitly challenges people to “think differently” too, as they design database applications with the Oracle database. He rejects conventional wisdom and speculation, instead insisting on relying on facts proven through examples. Tom takes a very pragmatic and simple approach to problem solving, and by following his advice and methodology, you can be more productive and develop better, faster applications. Not only will Tom’s book teach you about features of Oracle and how to use them, but it also reflects many of these simple thoughts: • Don’t believe in myths—reason for yourself. • Don’t follow “conventional wisdom”—often the things everybody knows are simply wrong! • Don’t trust rumors or opinions—test things for yourself and base decisions on proven examples. • Break apart a problem into simpler questions, and assemble the answers to each step into an elegant, efficient solution. • Don’t do things in your programs when the database can do them better and faster. • Understand the differences between the ideal and the real. • Ask questions about and be skeptical of unjustified “company policies” for technical standards. • Consider the big picture of what’s best overall for the requirements at hand. • Take the time to THINK. Tom encourages you to treat Oracle as much more than a black box. Instead of you just putting data into and taking data out of Oracle, Tom will help you understand how Oracle works and how to exploit its power. By learning how to apply Oracle technology creatively and thoughtfully, you will be able to solve most application design problems quickly and elegantly. As you read and enjoy this book, I know you’ll learn a lot of new facts about Oracle database technology and important concepts about application design. As you do, I’m confident that you’ll also start to “think differently” about the challenges you face. IBM’s Watson once said, “Thought has been the father of every advance since time began. ‘I didn’t think’ has cost the world millions of dollars.” This is a thought with which both Tom and I agree. Armed with the knowledge and techniques you’ll learn in this book, I hope you’ll be able to save the world (or at least your enterprise) millions of dollars, and enjoy the satisfaction of a job well done. Ken Jacobs Vice President of Product Strategy (Server Technologies) Oracle Corporation
About the Author I am TOM KYTE. I have been working for Oracle since version 7.0.9 (that’s 1993 for people who don’t mark time by Oracle versions). However, I’ve been working with Oracle since about version 5.1.5c (the $99 single-user version for DOS on 360KB floppy disks). Before coming to work at Oracle, I worked for more than six years as a systems integrator, building large-scale, heterogeneous databases and applications, mostly for military and government customers. These days, I spend a great deal of my time working with the Oracle database and, more specifically, helping people who are using the Oracle database. I work directly with customers, either in specifying and building their systems or, more frequently, in helping them rebuild or tune them (“tuning” frequently being a synonym for rebuilding). In addition, I am the Tom behind the “Ask Tom” column in Oracle Magazine, where I answer people’s questions about the Oracle database and tools. On a typical day, I receive and answer dozens of questions at http://asktom.oracle.com. Every two months, I publish a “best of” in the magazine (all of the questions asked are available on the Web—stored in an Oracle database, of course). Additionally, I give technical seminars covering much of the material you’ll find in this book. Basically, I spend a lot of my time helping people be successful with the Oracle database. Oh yes, in my spare time, I build applications and develop software within Oracle Corporation itself. This book is a reflection of what I do every day. The material within covers topics and questions that I see people struggling with every day. These issues are covered from a perspective of “When I use this, I do it this way.” It is the culmination of many years of experience using the product in myriad situations. xiv
Page 2 and 3: Expert Oracle Database Architecture
Page 4 and 5: Contents Foreword . . . . . . . . .
Page 6 and 7: ■CONTENTS v Block Buffer Cache .
Page 8 and 9: ■CONTENTS vii ■CHAPTER 9 Redo a
Page 10 and 11: ■CONTENTS ix ■CHAPTER 12 Dataty
Page 12 and 13: Foreword “THINK.” In 1914, Thom
Page 16 and 17: About the Technical Reviewers ■JO
Page 18 and 19: Introduction The inspiration for th
Page 20 and 21: ■INTRODUCTION xix • Exposure to
Page 22 and 23: ■INTRODUCTION xxi Chapter 3: File
Page 24 and 25: ■INTRODUCTION xxiii Next up are t
Page 26 and 27: Setting Up Your Environment In this
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CHAPTER 3 ■ ■ ■ Files In this
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 69 and even dat
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 71 all operatio
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 89 A Brief Revi
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 111 IMPDP, howe
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CHAPTER 3 ■ FILES 113 tkyte@ORA10
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CHAPTER 4 ■ ■ ■ Memory Struct
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CHAPTER 4 ■ MEMORY STRUCTURES 117
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CHAPTER 5 ■ ORACLE PROCESSES 157
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CHAPTER 8 ■ ■ ■ Transactions
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284 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO cri
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332 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO Whe
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336 CHAPTER 9 ■ REDO AND UNDO tou
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338 CHAPTER 10 ■ DATABASE TABLES
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CHAPTER 11 ■ ■ ■ Indexes Inde
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 423 value of
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 425 One of t
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 427 We then
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 429 we ended
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 431 The data
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 435 Table 11
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 437 When Sho
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 439 an 8KB b
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 441 select *
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 445 Indicate
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 447 an index
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 449 Table 11
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 451 9 1, 'M'
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 453 column w
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CHAPTER 11 ■ INDEXES 455 Bitmap j
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CHAPTER 12 ■ ■ ■ Datatypes Ch
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CHAPTER 12 ■ DATATYPES 551 13 dbm
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CHAPTER 13 ■ ■ ■ Partitioning
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CHAPTER 13 ■ PARTITIONING 561 els
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CHAPTER 13 ■ PARTITIONING 563 BIG
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