Common Butterflies of Sri Lanka
Common Butterflies of Sri Lanka
Common Butterflies of Sri Lanka
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Acknowledgements<br />
Contents<br />
The author wishes to thank the following people for their invaluable contributions<br />
to this field guide:<br />
Sarath Rajapakshe for the photos used in this publication for the Red helen, <strong>Common</strong><br />
Grass Yellow, <strong>Sri</strong> <strong>Lanka</strong>n Tree Nymph, Baron, Great Eggfly, <strong>Common</strong> Bush Brown,<br />
Tawny Rajah, Ceylon Silverline, <strong>Common</strong> Hedge Blue, <strong>Common</strong> Pierrot, Plains Cupid,<br />
<strong>Sri</strong> <strong>Lanka</strong>n Tiger, Ormiston’s Oak Blue, <strong>Sri</strong> <strong>Lanka</strong>n Cerulean and drawings <strong>of</strong> <strong>Sri</strong> <strong>Lanka</strong>n<br />
Indigo Royal and <strong>Sri</strong> <strong>Lanka</strong>n Clouded Silverline.<br />
Sarath Rajapkshe and Chamitha De Alwis, the co-authors <strong>of</strong> “A pocket Guide to the<br />
butterflies <strong>of</strong> <strong>Sri</strong> <strong>Lanka</strong>”: the work done for this pocket guide allowed for the speedy<br />
completion <strong>of</strong> this publication.<br />
Dr. Michael Van der Pootern for his valuable guidance and encouragement on<br />
studying butterflies.<br />
Dr. Nirmalee Pallewatte for her valuable insight and reviewing this publication.<br />
Dilmah Conservation for providing this worthwhile opportunity towards encouraging<br />
further study on <strong>Sri</strong> <strong>Lanka</strong>n butterflies.<br />
All those who share their field observations to enrich the information available on<br />
various species <strong>of</strong> butterflies.<br />
Foreward 08<br />
Preface 09<br />
Acknowledgements 10<br />
1. Introduction 13<br />
2. Life Cycle 15<br />
2.1 Egg 16<br />
2.2 Larva (caterpillar) 16<br />
2.2.1 Food 17<br />
2.2.2 Protective Mechanisms 18<br />
2.3 Pupa 18<br />
2.4 Adult Butterfly (Imago) 20<br />
2.4.1 Food 21<br />
2.4.2 Protective Mechanisms 21<br />
2.4.3 Mating 22<br />
3. <strong>Butterflies</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Sri</strong> <strong>Lanka</strong> 23<br />
3.1 List <strong>of</strong> <strong>Butterflies</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Sri</strong> <strong>Lanka</strong> 23<br />
3.2 Distribution <strong>of</strong> <strong>Butterflies</strong> in <strong>Sri</strong> <strong>Lanka</strong> 29<br />
3.3 Threats to <strong>Butterflies</strong> and Their Conservation 31<br />
3.4 The Study <strong>of</strong> <strong>Butterflies</strong> 31<br />
3.5 How to use this Book 32<br />
4. Descriptions <strong>of</strong> <strong>Butterflies</strong> 33<br />
5. Endemic <strong>Butterflies</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Sri</strong> <strong>Lanka</strong> 134<br />
6. Larval Food Plants <strong>of</strong> <strong>Butterflies</strong> 138<br />
References 172<br />
Index 174<br />
Scientific Names 174<br />
<strong>Common</strong> Names 175<br />
10 <strong>Common</strong> <strong>Butterflies</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Sri</strong> <strong>Lanka</strong><br />
<strong>Common</strong> <strong>Butterflies</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Sri</strong> <strong>Lanka</strong> 11