Our Biological Heritage

ffcj úúO;ajfha 

› ,dxlSh Wreuh 

Our Biological Heritage 

› ,xld ;reK cSjfõ§kaf.a ix.uh 

iy 

ä,aud ixrlaIK wdh;kh 


fuu .%ka:h › ,xld ;reK cSjfõ§kaf.a ix.uh úiska › ,xld cSj 

úoHd wdh;kh" › chj¾Okmqr úYajúoHdhSh jk yd mdßißl úoHd 

wOHhk wxYh yd ffcj úúO;aj f,alï ld¾hd,fha iyfhda.h 

iy Dilmah Conservation wdh;kfha uq,H wkq.%yh hgf;a m%ldYhg 

m;alrk ,§'

m%:u uqøKh 2013 

ixfYdaê; fojk uqøKh 2013 

ixfYdaê; f;jk uqøKh 2014 

ISBN 978-955-0034-06-2 

nQ f;Èh 

Ficus exasperata 

© Kasun Pradeepa 

mgqk 

m%Odk ixialdrl uKav,h 

uydpd¾h ysrdka wurfialr" 

jk yd mdßißl úoHd wOHk wxYh" 

› chj¾Okmqr úYajúoHd,h 

uydpd¾h foajl ùrfldaka" 

i;a;aj úoHd wOHk wxYh fldKl msgq ieliqu 

liqka m%§m" Wild Studio 

uqøKh 

lreKdr;ak iy mq;%fhda ^mqoa& iud.u" fld

fmrjok 

› ,xld ;reK cSjfõÈkaf.a ix.uh ;reK mrmqr w;r cSj úoHdj" mßir 

l

ffcj úúO;ajfha 

› ,dxlSh Wreuh 


› ,xld ;reK cSjfõ§kaf.a ix.uh 

iy 

ä,aud ixrlaIK wdh;kh 

Our Biological Heritage

Dugong 

Conservation 

Forest 

Corridors 

Discovering 

Novel 

Species 

Rediscovery 

Pseudophilautus 

hypomelas 

Novel 

Discoveries 

Polypedates ranwellai 

Dilmah Conservation hkq Dilmah f;a iud.u úiska › ,xldfõ 

mßir iy ixialD;sh ixrlaIK lsßu Wfoid 2007 j¾Ifha § 

wdrïN lrk ,o wkqnoaO wdh;khls' 

mßirh iy ixialD;sh ixrlaIK lsßu hk uq,sl m%;sm;a;sh 

mokï lrf.k wkq f;aud yhla hgf;a 25 lg wêl jHdmD;ska 

yryd Dilmah Conservation wdh;kh ixrlaIK lghq;= j, 

kshef,ñka isák w;r f;a j;= wY%s; mßir moaO;Ska ys ffcj 

úúO;ajh ixrlaIK Wfoid iqúfYaI jHdmD;ska l%shd;aul fõ' 

miq.sh jir wdrïNfha§ hdmk w¾Ooaùmfha m%;sia:dmkh lrk ,o 

—f;dkavukdre fCIa;% wOHk uOHia:dkh˜ iy jir wjidkfhaoS 

kdj,msáfha wdrïN lsÍug kshñ; —foaY.=Ksl fjkialï wOHk 

uOHia:dkh˜ › ,xlSh ffcj úúO;aj ixrlaIK lsßu Wfoid 

iqúfYaI odhl;ajhla imhkq we;ehs úYajdi lruq' 

2012 j¾Ifha isg Herpetological Foundation of Sri Lanka iu. 

lrf.k hkakd jq kj WNhcSù úfYaI fidhd.eksu iy tu úfYaI 

csj;a jkakd jq jdiia:dk wdrCId lsÍu i|yd f;dr;=re iïmdokh 

lsÍu fuu jHdmD;sfha m%Odk wruqK fõ' fuu jHdmD;s ;=,ska kj 

f.ïnka úfYaI 09 fofkl= fï jk úg fidhd f.k we;s w;r j|ù 

.shd hehs ie,l+ f.ì úfYaIhla o kej; fidhd f.k we;' tys 

m%;sM,hla f,i tu úfYaIhkag wdfõKsl jq jdiia:dk hï;dla 

ÿrg wdrCId lsÍug yelsù we;' 

Supporting the 

Elephant 

Transit 

Home 

f;a j.dj iy ckdjdi bosùfuka fjkajq ffcj úúO;ajfhka wkqk yqfol,djq 

jk.yk hd lrkq jia 2012 oS wdrïN jqkq —jk.yk cd, .; lsÍu ;=,ska mßir 

ixrlaIKh˜ jHdmD;sh yryd fï jk úg wekaodk j;=hdh wd›;j we;s fo,aj, 

iy j


› ,xldfõ 

ffcj 

úúO;ajh 

Prelude 

m%drïNh 

isxyrdc jkdka;rh 

Sinharaja Rain Forest 

© Dulan Ranga 

Biodiversity of Sri Lanka

fyda¾gka ;ekak 

Horton Plains 

© Amila Chanaka 

› ,xldfõ ffcjúúO;ajh 

p;=rx. bfrdaIdka foaYm%sh iy YÑkaøsld úfcaisxy 

ffcj úúO;ajh hkq ir,ju i,lk l,ays ñys;,fha mj;akd Ôjfha úúO;ajhhs' 

wm wjg we;s jDlaI,;d i;d isjqmdjqka" fï u.ska woyia jk nj wm ieu okakd 

lreKls' tfia jqj o úoHd;aul j i,lk úg ffcj úúO;ajhg fuhska u|la 

Tíng .sh ks¾jpkhla mj;S' 1992 jif¾ n%iS,fha ßfhda o fckhsfrda (Rio 

de Janeiro) k.rfha mej;s ñys;, iuq¿j (Earth Summit) fkdfyd;a tlai;a 

cd;Skaf.a mßirh yd ixj¾Okh ms

› ,xldfõ uOHu l`ÿlrh flakaø lr .ksñka iEu foigu .,d niskd m%Odk 

.x.d 103 la wm rg i;=h' tfukau rg mqrd úúO whqßka jHdma; jq mia j¾. 14 

la › ,xldfjka jd¾;d fõ' fuf,i N+ úoHd;aul" ld,.=Ksl yd N+ úIu;djfha 

úYd, úúO;ajhla j¾. ls'ó' 65"610 la jeks l=vd m%udKhla ;=< jHdma; ù 

;sîu ksid N+ñh w;ska idfmalaIj l=vd jqj o mdßißl ,laIK w;ska iqúfYaIS 

úúO;ajhla fmkajk l,dm .Kkdjlg Y%S ,xldj Wreulï lshhs' tfyhska tA tA 

l,dmhg WÑ; f,i yev.eiqKq iqúfYaIS Ydl m%cdjka iy tA tA ;;a;aj yd tA tA 

Ydl m%cdjkag .e,fmk f,i úfYaISlrKhg ,la jq i;a;aj m%cdjka rdYshlska o 

› ,xldj fmdfydi;ah' fuu lreKq ldrKd mokï lr .ksñka › ,xldj ffcj 

foaY.=Ksl l,dm 6 lg fnod olajd we; (Weerakoon & Goonatilake, 2006)' fuu 

l,dm my; wdldr jk w;r tAjdfha jHdma;sh is;shu 1'1 ys oelafõ' 

my; rg yd ueo rg f;;a l,dmh 

úh,s l,dmh 

my; rg yd ueo rg w;rueos l,dmh 

l`ÿlr f;;a l,dmh 

l`ÿlr w;rueos l,dmh 

Y=Ial l,dmh 

› ,xldj mqrd yuqjk úúO mßir moaO;s i,ld ne,sfï§ fïjd m%Odk f,i 

fldgia 4 lg fjka lr ±laúh yel' 

mßir moaO;sh 

jkdka;r iy wdY%s; mßir moaO;s 

N+ñ m%udKh ^fylaghdr& 

ksj¾;k f;;a my;rg iodyß; jkdka;r 141"506 

ksj¾;k Wm-l÷lr jkdka;r 68"616 

ksj¾;k l÷lr jkdka;r 243"886 

ksj¾;k úh,s ñY% iodyß; jkdka;r 464"076 

ksj¾;k lgq le,E 

.x.dOdr úh,s jkdka;r 22"435 * 

;DKN+ñ ^f;;a m;k" úh

ñßÈh ll=¿jka 

llal=Ügka úfYaIhla 

Oziothelphusa hippocastanum 

Y%S ,xldfjka fï jk úg jd¾;d jk uq¿ Ydl yd i;aj úfYaI .Kk w;s uy;ah' 

tA w;=ßka f;dard.;a ðù ldKav lsysmhlg wh;a úfYaI .Kk yd wdfõKsl 

úfYaI .Kk fukau bka iuyrla ldKav ms

© Gehan Rajeev © Gehan Rajeev © Gehan Rajeev 

WNhÔúka 

ñßÈh uiqka 

› ,xldfõ ñßÈh mßir moaO;s ;=, fï jk úg iajNdúlj jd¾;d jk ^y`ÿkajd 

ÿka úfYaI yer& ñßÈh u;aiH úfYaI .Kk 91 ls' bka úfYaI 50 la ^54'9]& 

wdfõKsl úfYaI fõ' fuu uiqka w;ßka úfYaI 45 lg wh;a uiqka ;¾ckhg 

,laj we;s njg;a úfYaI 2 la fï jk úg;a j| ù f.dia we;ehs ie,lsh yels 

nj;a 2012 cd;sl r;= o;a; fmdf;a we.hSï u.ska y`ÿkdf.k we;' 

Wr.hka 

fyd*aukaf.a m÷re ueähd 

Pseudophilautus hoffmani 

úfYaI 119 lg wh;a WNh Ôúka Y%S ,xldj ;=< fï jk úg jd¾;d ù we;s w;r 

thska 103 la ^86'6]& wdfõKsl úfYaI fj;s' tfiau fuu WNhÔúka wh;a .K 

ie,lSfï§ Nannophrys, Lankanectus, Adenomus yd Taruga hk .Khka › 

,xldjg wdfõKslh' uE; Nd.fha isÿ flreKq m¾fhaIK u.ska wm rfÜ WNh 

Ôúka ms

fuu ish¨ o;a;hka úYaf,aIkh lr neÆ úg mßir moaO;s úúO;ajh iy úfYaI 

úúO;ajh ie,lSfï oS YS% ,xldj l,dmSh fukau f.da,Sh jYfhka o jeo.;a ia:dkhla 

iy by< jákdlula ork nj meyeos,sh' fuu ffcj úúO;ajh iy tA ms

› ,xldfõ 

mßir moaO;s 

úúO;ajh 


Chapter 

mßÉfþoh 

1 

isxyrdc jkdka;rh 

Sinharaja Rain Forest 


Ecosystem Diversity of Sri Lanka


Horton Plains 

© Gehan Rajeev 

› ,xldfõ jkdka;r iy wdY%s; mßir moaO;s úúO;ajh 

p;=rx. bfrdaIdka foaYm%sh iy YÑkaøsld úfcaisxy 

kq;k ixLHdf,aLk j,g wkqj › ,xldfõ jkdka;r jeiau uq¿ N+ñ m%udKfhka 

29] jk w;r" úhka iys; iajNdúl jk jeiau uq¨ N+ñ m%udKfhka 22'4] 

muK jk nj .kka n,d ;sfí' › ,xldfõ úúO m

iejdkd mßir moaO;s Y%S ,xldfõ uqyqÿ uÜgfï isg óg¾ 300-1000 w;r Wilska 

hq;= úh,s yd w;rueÈ l,dmhkays uq,sl jYfhka ks,a., ìì, fudKrd., 

nÿ,a, wd§ m%foaYhkays jHdma;j we;' Wie;s m;kYS,S fyda w¾O-m;kYS,s 

(Semi-deciduous) Ydl nyq,j we;s w;r ìï ia:rfha Wie;s ;DK Ydl me;sr 

mj;s' Ydl jßkajr we;sjk .skakg Tfrd;a;= §u Wfoid >k fmd;= iys; jk 

w;r tlsfklg jvd wE;ska jefâ ia:ÍNjkhla olakg fkd,efnk w;r Ydl 

uia:l (Canopy) l=vd fõ' lyg" wr¿" nq¿" fk,a,s" ojq, fuu l,dmhkays m%uqL 

Ydl úfYaIhka fõ' 

Y%S ,xldfõ ;DK ìï uq,sl jYfhka f;;a m;k (Wet patana) úh

ñßÈh wdY%s; f;;aìï 

lrÈh wdY%s; f;;aìï 

.x.d yd we,fod< 

ks,aj,d .Õ 

Nilwala River 

.xfudah 

ukakdru 

Mannar 

© Amila Sumanapala © Dulan Ranga © Kasun Pradeepa 

msgdr ;eks 

› ,xldj b;d l=vd rgla jqjo N+ñfha isg uqyqo foig úysoS hk m%Odk .x.d 

103 la yd tA yd ineos we,fod< rdYshlskao ieÿï,;a fõ' ffcj úúO;ajh 

ixrËKfhys,d fï .x.d yd we,fod< j,ska flfrk fufyh wñ, fõ' 

lka;f,a 

Kanthale 

.x.d yd Èh myrj,a wdY%s;j j¾Idj jeä ld,fha w;sf¾l c,h rojd .ekSug 

msgdr ;eks WmldÍ jk w;r j¾Id c,h iu. tk frdka uv ;ekam;a ùfuka 

fuu m%foaY j, mfia irenj jeäùu ksid j.d lghq;= ioydo b;d fhda.H fõ' 

fuys we;s úfYaI;ajh jkafka jif¾ flá l,lg muKla fuu msgdr ;eksj, 

c,h /§ ;sîuhs' .xj;=r md,kh lsÍu i|yd fujeks msgdr ;eks mej;Su 

b;d jeo.;a fõ' 

ú,a¨ 

j.=re jkdka;r 

wdkú¨kaodj 

Anvilundawa 

› ,xldj ;=, iajNdúl jeõ fkd;snqko" msgdr ;eksj, c,h §¾> ld,hla 

uq¿,af,a /§ ;sîu ksid we;sjk ú,aa¨ rdYshla olakg ,efí' úfYaIfhkau 

.xÕd j, we;s jx.= wdY%s;j ú,aa¨ fndfyda úg oel.; yels w;r' › ,xldfõ 

os.u .Õ jk uyje,s .Õ wdY%s;j ú,aa¨ fndfydauhla msysgd ;sfí' 

ñßÈh wdY%s; j.=reìï 

fokshdh 

Deniyaya 

tla /ia ù we;s fkd.eUqre c,hg wkqj¾;kh jQ Ydl m%cdjlf.ka ieÿï,;a 

ñßÈh f;;aìï jkdka;r moaO;sfha wjidk ika;;s wjia:dj j.=re jkdka;r 

f,i yeÈkaúh yel' j¾Ifha tla ld,hl§ uq¿ukskau ñßÈfhka jeiS mej;Suo 

fïjdfha úfYaI ,ËKhls' › ,xldj ;=, ÿ¾,N f;;aìï j¾.hla jk w;r 

b;d iSñ; m%foaYhla ;=, me;sr mj;sk nq,;aisxy, j,õj;a; j;=rdk j.=re 

jkdka;rh fï ioyd fydou ksoiqk fõ" fydrje,a (Stemonoporus mooni) yd 

iqj| (Mesua stylosa) hk Ydl fol oekg iajNdúlj yuqjk tlu ia:dkh 

o fuh fõ' 

fnd,af.dv 

Bolgoda 

fïjd ñßÈh msreKq my;a ìï m%foaY fõ' fuu ìï Rcqju .x.djlska fyda .x 

j;=frka fmdaIKh ,nhs' w¾O jYfhka Èrdm;a jQ ldnksl øjHhkaf.ka fuu 

N+ñh iukaú; jk w;r fïjdhska mSÜ ks¾udKh fõ' uq;=rdcfj< j.=reìu › 

,xldfõ msysgd we;s úYd,;u mSÜ ksêh f,i yÿkajdÈh yelsh' 

© Gehan Rajeev © Amila Chanaka 

© Amila Chanaka © www.leawo.com 

.xfudah hkq .x.djla uqyqog jefgk ia:dkhhs' fuu mßir moaO;sfha 

m%Odk ,ËK jkqfha ffokslj isÿjk Woï r< WÉpdjpkh c,fhys 

w;rueÈ ,jK;djh hkdÈhhs' › ,xldfõ fujeks f;;aìï 45 la muK 

oelsh yelsh' 

l

wNHka;r ,jK ú,a¨ 

ú,am;a;= jfkdaoHdkh 

Wilpattu National Park 

© Kasun Pradeepa © Gehan Rajeev 

wNHka;r ,jK ú,a¨ hkq ,jK ñY%s; fkd.eUqre je,s iys; mfika 

hq;a ú,a fõ' fï ioyd jk fydou ksoiqk ú,am;a;= cd;sl jfkdaoHdkfha 

msysgd we;' 

jeõ" c,dY yd l=Uqre 

ñksid úiska ks¾ñ; f;;aìï 

jdß c,dYhla 

Irrigation Reservoir 

› ,xldj ;=, ñksid úiska ks¾udKh lrk ,o jeõ wd§ jQ c,h 

tla /ia jk ia:dkhkaf.a ixLHdj w;súYd,h' ñksid úiska ks¾ñ; 

f;;aìï m%Odk jYfhka ldKav 3 lg j¾. l, yelsh fuhska m%Odk 

jkqfha jeõ c,dY yd l=Uqre fõ' › ,xldj ;=, iajNdúl jeõ msysgd 

fkdue;' m%Odk jdß c,dY fylaghdr 7"820 la mqrd me;sr mj;sk 

w;r iq¿ mßudK jdß c,dY fylaghdr 5"250 la mqrd me;sr mj;S' 

l=Uqre hkq ksYap, c,h ;djld,slj tla/iaj mj;sk ia:dkhls' fuh 

lDIsld¾ñlj Ndú;djk j.=re ìuls' fï jk úg ,xldfõ ù j.dj 

ioyd Ndú;djk N+ñ m%udKh o< jYfhka 977"561 ls' ñka fndfyduhla 

wNHka;r my;aìï j, msysgd we;s w;r iq¿ m%udKhla wNHka;r Wia 

ìï j, msysgd we;' 

nqkao, l


nqkao, f;;aìu Bundala Wetland 

fï jk úg f,dalfha f;;aìï 2123 la /ïid f;;aìï f,i kï lr we;s w;r 

jeäu /ïid f;;aìï N+ñ m%udKhla we;af;a lekvdfõ jk w;r tlai;a 

rdcOdksh f,dj jeäu /ïid f;;aìï m%udKhg Wreulï lshhs' 

oekg › ,xldfõ f;;aìï w;ßka fylaghdr 198172 la mqrd me;sr we;s f;;aìï 

6 la /ïid f;;aìï f,i kï fldgwe;' 

f;;aìfï ku N+ñ m%udKh m%ldYhg m;a l, Èkh msysàu 

^fylaghdr& 

^Èia;%slalh& 

nqkao, 6210 1990 cQks 15 yïnkaf;dg 

wdkú¨kaodj 1397 2001 wf.daia;= 03 mq;a;,u 

ud÷ .Õ 915 2003 foieïn¾ 11 .d,a, 

fjkal,dhs 4839 2010 cQ,s 12 ukakdru 

l=uk 19011 2010 Tlaf;daïn¾ 29 wïmdr 

ú,am;a;= 165800 2013 fmnrjdß 02 mq;a;,u" wkqrdOmqrh 

ukakdru 

j.=j 1'1 › ,xldfõ /ïid f;;aìï 

jdKsc fNda. j.d 

Cash Crop Cultivation 


› ,xldfõ lDIsld¾ñl mßir moaO;s úúO;ajh 

p;=rx. bfrdaIdka foaYm%sh iy pdmd yxikS 

› ,xldj wE; w;S;fha mgka lDIsld¾ñl w¾: l%uhla mej;s rgla f,i ie,lsh 

yels w;r rfÜ m%Odk lDIsld¾ñl ieleiau ù j.dj u; mokï ù ;sì‚' ;jo › 

,xldj Y;j¾Idêl ld,hla uq¿,af,a l=¿ nvq i|yd buy;a m%isoaêhla bisÆ nj 

ft;sydisl idOl wkqj fmkShhs' ;ju;a › ,xldfõ o, cd;sl ksIamdÈ;fhka 11'1] 

lg odhl jkafka lDIsl¾udka;h jk w;r rfÜ iuia: Y%u n,ldfhka 23'4] la 

lDIsld¾udkaa;hg odhl ù ;sfí' 


miq.sh Y;j¾Ih w.Nd.fha§ 25"000 la muK f.dùka úiska jd‚c fNda. jYfhka 

ñßia" ¿QKq yd w¾;dm,a j.dj isÿ lrk ,§' › ,dxlsl lDIsl¾udka;h i,lk úg 

jeä m%;sY;hla iukaú; jkafka fylaghdr 1 g wvq j.d ìïj, lDIsld¾ñl lghq;= 

isÿlrk iq¿ mßudK fnda. fnda. j.dlrejkaf.ks' 

wdYs%; .%ka: kdudj,sh 

IUCN Sri Lanka and the Central Environmental Authority of Sri Lanka (2006). National-Wetland Directory of 

SriLanka. Colombo, Sri Lanka. 

CEA/Euroconsult (1994). Wetlands Are No Wastelands - A Manual and Strategy for Conservation and 

Development of Wetlands, Wetland Conservation Project, Central Environmental Authority, Sri Lanka and 

Netherlands 

MOE (2012). The National Red List 2012 of Sri Lanka; Conservation Status of the Fauna and Flora. Ministry of 

Environment, Colombo, Sri Lanka. viii + 476pp 

http://www.ramsar.org, 09 June 2013 

lDIsld¾ñl mßir moaO;s uQ,sl jYfhka l=Uqre" f;a" fmd,a yd rn¾ jeks m%Odk 

wmkhk fnda. j.dìï" fldams" fldfldajd" l=re÷ jeks iq¿ wmkhk j.dìï" m

fy,au¿ j.d l%uh Terraced paddy field 

Wmßu m%fhdack ,nd.ksñka fy,au¿ l%uhgo isÿlrkq ,nhs' fyaka j.dfõ§ 

f.dúhka úiska f;dard.kq ,nk t

› ,xldfõ 

Ôj úfYaI 

úúO;ajh 


Chapter 

mßÉfþoh 

2 


Horton Plains 


Species Diversity of Sri Lanka

Arid Zone 

Dry Zone 

Northern Intermediate Lowlands 

Eastern Intermediate Lowlands 

Northern Wet Lowlands 

South of Ratnapura-Northern Sinharaja 

Southern Sinharaja-Hiniduma-Kanneliya 

Foothills of Adam's Peak 

North of Ratanpura-Ambagamuwa 

Kandy-Upper Mahaweli 

Knuckles 

Central Mountains 

Ramboda-Nuwara Eliya 

Adam's Peak 

Horton Plains 

chapter 

2 

30 

rïuf,a lkao 

Rammale Kanda 


› ,xldfõ Ydl úúO;ajh 

p;=rx. bfrdaIdka foaYm%sh 

is;shu 2'1 › ,xldfõ Ydl l,dm 


› ,xldj" mqrd;kfha mgka iajNdj fi!kao¾hfha mßmQ¾K;ajh ms

ixrCIK uÜgu 

úfYaI .kk 

úoHd;aul kduh 

jHjydr kduh cd;sl ixrCIK uÜgu 

w;sYhska wka;rdhg ,lajq we;eï úg j|ù f.dia we;s (CR(PE)) 20 

w;sYhska wka;rdhg ,lajQ (CR) 41 

wka;rdhg ,lajQ (EN) 87 

wka;rdhg ,laùug bv we;s (VU) 71 

Cycas zeylanica (J.Schust.) A.Lindstr. & K.D.Hill uy uvq CR 

Cycas nathorstii J.Schust. uvq VU 

óg wu;rj ;j;a úfYaI 40 la ;¾ckhg ,laùug wdikak (NT) úfYaI f,i 

j¾.SlrKh lr we;' 

l=,h ;¾ð; úfYaI .Kk úfYaI .Kk 

(Family) (Total Threatened) (Total Species) 

Aspleniaceae 16 (1) 29 (2) 

Athyriaceae 19 (3) 26 (5) 

Blechnaceae 4 6 

Cyatheaceae 7 (4) 7 (5) 

Davalliaceae 3 5 

Dennstaedtiaceae 4 10 (1) 

Dryopteridaceae 25 (6) 31 (8) 

Equisetaceae 1 1 

Gleicheniaceae 0 2 

Hymenophyllaceae 18 (3) 19 (3) 

Hypodematiaceae 1 2 

Isoetaceae 1 1 

Lindsaeaceae 9 (2) 12 (2) 

Lycopodiaceae 11 14 

Lygodiaceae 1 3 

Marattiaceae 1 2 

Marsileaceae 1 2 

Nephrolepidaceae 1 4 

Oleandraceae 1 1 

Ophioglossaceae 9 9 

Osmundaceae 1 (1) 1 (1) 

Polypodiaceae 22 (5) 46 (9) 

Psilotaceae 1 1 

Pteridaceae 13 (4) 46 (4) 

Schizaeaceae 0 1 

Selaginellaceae 2 (1) 9 (1) 

Tectariaceae 7 (1) 12 (2) 

Thelypteridaceae 21 (2) 34 (6) 

isxyrdc jkdka;rfha 

úhka ia:rh 

Canopy Layer of Sinharaja 

wdjD; îcl Ydl úúO;ajh 

ñys;,h u; jvd;a iq,Nj jHdma;j mj;sk Ydl ldKavh wdjD; îcl Ydl fõ' 

kq;k ixLHd f,aLk j,g wkqj ñys;,h u; wdjD; îcl Ydl 300"000 - 400"000 

la w;r m%udKhla mj;sk w;r tAjd l=, 415 la hgf;a j¾. lr we;' 

› ,xldj ;=,o wfkl=;a rgj,a iu. ixikaokh lsÍfïÈ jvd jeä úfYaI 

úúO;ajhla ±lsh yels w;r wdfõKsl Ydl jeä m%;sY;hla jd¾;d fõ' ;jo 

› ,xldfõ wdfõKsl Ydl l=, lsisjla jd¾;d fkdjk w;r wdfõKsl .K 14 la 

jd¾;dfõ' ñka jeä m%;sY;hla jd¾;d jkafka ksß; yd uOHu ld,dmhka ys ùu 

úfYaI ,CIKhls' 

2012 r;= o;a; jd¾;djg wkqj we.hSug ,la l, Ydl l=, 186 lg wh;a foaYsh 

imqIam Ydl 3"154 w;ßkaa Ydl úfYaI 1"385 ^wdikak jYfhka 44] la muK& 

;¾ckhg ,la jQ úfYaI f,i ie,fla' ;jo" Strobilanthes caudata (Acanthaceae), 

Blumea angustifolia (Asteraceae), Crudia zeylanica (Fabaceae), Rinorea bengalensis iy 

Rinorea decora (Violaceae) hk úfYaI my kIaG jQ (Extinct) úfYaI f,i ie,flk 

w;r Alphonsea hortensis (Annonaceae) and Doona ovalifolia (Dipterocarpaceae) hk 

úfYaI fol jkuh kIaG (Extinct in the wild) jQ úfYaI f,i ie,fla' 

l=,h ;¾ð; úfYaI .Kk úfYaI .Kk 

(Family) (Total Threatened) (Total Species) 


chapter 

2 

32 


tl;=j 200 (33) 336 (49) 

j.=j 2'1 › ,xldfõ m¾Kdx. Ydl l=, 

^wdfõKsl úfYaI jryka ;=, olajd we;& 

újD; îcl Ydl úúO;ajh 

újD; îcl Ydl hkq úIu îcdKql;djh olajk M,hlska wdjrKh fkdjq îc 

iys; Ydl fõ' › ,xldfõ iajNdúlj yuqjkafka foaYSh úfYaI folla muKs' 

fuu úfYaI fol ihslefâisfha (Cycadaceae) l=,hg yd ihslia (Cycas) .Khg 

wh;a fõ' 

Poaceae 81 (13) 262 (22) 

Fabaceae 72 (6) 221 (13) 

Orchidaceae 130 (42) 184 (50) 

Rubiaceae 74 (51) 179 (102) 

Cyperaceae 62 (10) 168 (11) 

Acanthaceae 40 (22) 105 (41) 

Asteraceae 34 (16) 86 (29) 

Malvaceae 19 (6) 71 (9) 

Melastomataceae 59 (48) 71 (57) 

Lamiaceae 14 (5) 70 (15) 

j.=j 2'2 › ,xldfõ úYd,;u Ydl l=, 

^wdfõKsl úfYaI jryka ;=, olajd we;&

› ,xldfõ ±kg jd¾;djk Ydl l=, 185 w;ßka ;DK (Poaceae) Ydl l=,h" 

úYd,;u Ydl l=,h f,i ie,lsh yels w;r › ,xldfõ úYd,;u Ydl l=, 10 

my; mßÈ fõ' 

Ydl l=, 186 ka ishü úfYaI ;¾ckhg ,la ù we;s l=, 24 la yuqjk w;r 

wvla fyda Bg jeä m%;sY;hla ;¾ckhg ,la jq l=, 81 la yuqfõ' fuu úfYaI 

j, jHdma;sh ie,lsfï § jeäu ;¾ð; úfYaI .Kkla f;;a l,dmhg iSud ú 

we;s w;r uykqjr" r;akmqr" kqjrt

Lentibulariaceae 7 (1) 15 (1) 

Linaceae 1 2 

Lindernaceae 5 (3) 16 (3) 

Loganiacea 4 (2) 9 (4) 

Loranthaceae 11 (8) 21 (11) 

Lythraceae 4 16 

Magnoliaceae 1 1 

Malpighiaceae 1 2 

Malvaceae 19 (6) 71 (9) 

Marantaceae 1 3 (1) 

Melastomataceae 59 (48) 71 (57) 

Meliaceae 7 (2) 13 (2) 

Menispermaceae 8 13 

Menyanthaceae 2 4 

Molluginaceae 1 6 

Monimiaceae 3 (2) 3 (3) 

Moraceae 8 (1) 33 (4) 

Musaceae 2 2 

Myristicaceae 2 (1) 4 (1) 

Myrtaceae 26 (24) 56 (46) 

Nelumbonaceae 0 1 

Nepenthaceae 1 (1) 1 (1) 

Nyctaginaceae 0 4 

Nymphaeaceae 1 2 

Ochnaceae 0 4 (1) 

Olacaceae 2 (1) 6 (1) 

Oleaceae 3 (1) 10 (1) 

Onagraceae 0 5 

Opiliaceae 0 2 

Orchidaceae 130 (42) 184 (50) 

Orobanchaceae 11 (2) 18 (3) 

Oxalidaceae 2 5 

Pandanaceae 3 (2) 7 (3) 

Papaveraceae 0 1 

Passifloraceae 1 2 

Pedaliaceae 1 3 

Pentaphylaceae 6 (3) 7 (3) 

Phrymaceae 1 1 

Phyllanthaceae 16 (9) 69 (27) 

Picrodendraceae 0 1 

Piperaceae 7 (1) 12 (4) 

Pittosporaceae 1 2 

Plantaginaceae 3 23 (2) 

Plumbaginaceae 0 1 

Poaceae 81 (13) 262 (22) 

Podestemaceae 6 (2) 7 (2) 

Polygalaceae 6 (3) 15 (4) 

Polygonaceae 0 12 

Pontederiaceae 0 2 

Portulacaceae 1 5 

Potamogetonaceae 0 3 

Primulaceae 11 (4) 24 (9) 

Proteaceae 1 (1) 1 (1) 

Putranjivaceae 2 (1) 6 (3) 

Ranunculaceae 4 (1) 7 (1) 

Rhamnaceae 4 (2) 14 (3) 

Rhizophoraceae 5 (1) 10 (1) 

Rosaceae 5 17 (2) 

Rubiaceae 74 (51) 179 (102) 

Ruppiaceae 0 1 

Rutaceae 7 29 (2) 

Sabiaceae 2 2 

Salicaceae 3 (2) 10 (4) 

Salvadoraceae 0 2 

Sapindaceae 6 (2) 11 (4) 

Sapotaceae 5 (16) 18 (16) 

Schizandraceae 21 25 

Scrophulariaceae 1 1 

Sentalaceae 2 (1) 3 (1) 

Simaroubaceae 2 3 

Smilacaceae 1 3 

Solanaceae 2 11 

Sphenocleaceae 0 1 

Staphyleaceae 0 1 

Stemonaceae 0 1 

Stemonuraceae 1 3 (1) 

Stylidiaceae 0 1 

Surianaceae 0 1 

Symplocaceae 12 (9) 13 (9) 

Tamaricaceae 0 2 

Tetramelaceae 0 1 

Theaceae 4 (4) 5 (4) 

Thymelaeaceae 1 4 

Triuridaceae 2 3 

Typhaceae 0 1 

Ulmaceae 0 1 

Urticaceae 13 27 (2) 

Vahliaceae 1 1 

Verbanaceae 0 2 

Violaceae 3 (1) 8 (2) 

Vitaceae 2 17 (3) 

Xanthorrhoeaceae 0 1 

Xyridaceae 2 4 

Zingiberaceae 12 (8) 21 (13) 

Zygophyllaceae 0 1 

tl;=j 1,385 (593) 3,154 (893) 

j.=j 2'3 › ,xldfõ wdjD; îcl Ydl l=, 

^wdfõKsl úfYaI jryka ;=, olajd we;& 


MOE (2012). The National Red List 2012 of Sri Lanka; Conservation Status of the Fauna and Flora. Ministry of 


Ashton, P.M., Gunatilleke, C.V.S., Zoyza, N., Dassanayake, M.D., Gunatilleke, I.A.U.N., & Wijesundara, S. (1997). A 

field guide to the common Trees and Shrubs of Sri Lanka. WHT Publications (Pvt) Ltd., Sri Lanka. 

Geethakumary, M.P., Pandurangan, A.G., Santhosh Kuma, E.S. (2012). Cinnamomum litseaefolium (Lauraceae) – 

A new distribution record from India. 

chapter 

2 

36 

Our Biological Heritage


weßfhda*ekaáfâ l=,fha 

f.d¿fn,s úfYaIhla 

Ratnadvipia irradians 

› ,xldfõ fN!ñl f.d¿fn,a,ka 

› ,xldj j¾. lsf,daóg¾ 65"610 lska hq;a bkaÈhdkq Wm uyoaùmhg ls'ó 25 ;rï 

jq wdikakfha msysá rgls' wm Èjhsk uqyqÿ uÜgfï isg óg¾ 2500 olajd Wi ol=Kq 

- uOHu l`ÿlr m%foaYhlska o" th jgd me;sreKq" uqyqÿ uÜgfï isg óg¾ 0 isg 

75 olajd jq mq¿,a ksïk iys; ;eks;,djlska o ks¾ñ; jQjls' Èjhsk jgd wßh j 

.,dhk .x`.d 103 lska iukaú; c,jyk moaO;shlska wm rg iukaú;h' 

iuia:hla jYfhka .;a l, foaY.=Kh ksj¾;k l,dmSh jk kuq;a" j¾Idm;kfhys 

iy uqyqÿ uÜgfï isg we;s Wfiys úIu;dj fya;=fldgf.k úúO foaY.=Ksl l,dm 

Èjhsk mqrd ±lsh yelsh' m%Odk jYfhkau jd¾Idm;kh Wmfhda.slr .ksñka f;;a 

l,dmh" úh

fy,sleßfhdksfâ l=,fha f.d¿fn,s úfYaIhla Satiella sp. 

› ,xldfõ fN!ñl f.d¿fn,a,ka ms

mshqmsksfâ l=,fha f.d¿fn,s úfYaIhla Tortulosa Sp. 

› ,xldfõ fN!ñl f.d¿fn,a,kaf.a jHdma;sh msdÜia l÷ jeáhg muKla .K 13 la iSud ù we;' 

fufia forg ;=< muKla iSud jQ .Khka (Restricted range generas) f,i 

Euplecta, Trachia, Ruthvenia, Thysanota, Corilla, Cryptozona, Mariaella, Eurychlamyd, 

Beddomea, Leptopomoides, Micraaulux, Nicida yd Tortulosa ±laúh yel' wdikak 

jYfhka fN!ñl f.d¨fn,a,ka f.ka 50] l wdfõKsl;ajhla yd me;sÍula 

bkaÈhdfõ ngysr >dÜia l÷jeáh yd › ,xldj w;r muKla fmkakqï lrhs' › 

,xldj yd bkaÈhdfõ ngysr >dÜia l`ÿjeáhg isud fkdjq .K 48 la ,xldfõ 

mj;sk w;r bka fmr iòyka mßos › ,xldjg muKla wdfõKsl .Khka 5 ls' 

fï wkqj › ,xldj yd bkaÈhdj w;r úáka úg mej;s N+ iïnkaO;d ms% f,i jdKsc j.djka iòyd fhdod .ekSu;a fudjqkag we;s m%n, 

;¾ckhka fõ' tfiau furg f;;a l,dmhg wh;a ìï w;s úYd, m%udKhla úÿ,sh 

ksmoúu i|yd c,dY bÈ lsßfïÈ c,hg hg ùuo fudjqkag we;s ;j;a ;¾ckhla fõ'

uyje,s jHdmD;sh ls%hd;aul ùfï§ fuu ;;ajhg wêl f,i n,mEula úh' 

fujeks jHdmD;s ksid fudjqkg Ôj;a ùug b;sßj ;snQ wjidk ìï fndfydauhla 

jekiS f.dia wjikah' tksid b;sß ù isák úfYaI j, jdiia:dk m%udKho 

wju fjñka mj;s' fï ksid jdiia:dk úkdY úu fya;=fjka fï jkúg iuyr 

úfYaI wmf.a ±kqulska f;drju fuf,dúka iyuq,skau j| ù f.dia wjikaj 

we;' ks;ru úh

lSgfhla fõ' YsY= wjia:d fY%aKshlg miq wjika YsY= wjia:dj c,fhka msg;gú;a 

ish nysYa iels,a, ;=,ska msg;g meñK iqyqUq,ka njg m;afõ' fudjqkaf.a lSg 

wjia:d wksjd¾h c,c lSghka jk ksid m%ckkhg /iajk n;al+rka c,h 

wdY%s;j w;sYhska iq,nj ±lsh yel' 

ish¿ n;al+re lSghka c,laf,dau ork fyhska c,h ;=, Yajik yelshdj orhs' 

fudjqka c,c mßir moaO;s j, m;af,a fyda c,c Ydl w;r jdih lrk w;r 

wksjd¾h úf,damslhka fõ' iuyrla úfYaI ieÕj isg myr§fukao ;j;a 

iuyfrla f.dÿre miq mi yUd hñka o f.dÿre w,a,d .ekSu isÿ lrhs' 


lSghkaf.a jHqyh i,lk l,ays Zygoptera Wmf.da;%h yd Anisoptera Wmf.da;%h 

w;r hï hï meyeÈ,s fjkialï y÷kd.; yel' Anisoptera lSghka idfmaCIj 

m

ms

Èrd.sh l|ka" úhkdjdi f,i ckmo msysgqjdf.k jdih lrhs' fuu ckmohl cSjk 

pl%h m%Odk jYfhka fldgia 03 lg fnÈh yel' tAjd kï fufiah' 

1' ckmoh msysgqúfï wjia:dj 

2' ckmoh j¾Okh lsßfï wjia:dj 

3' ckmo W;amdol wjia:dj 

Dias, R. K. S., Kosgamage, K. R. K. A. and Peiris, H. A. W. S. (2012) . The Taxonomy and Conservation Status 

of Ants (Order: Hymenoptera, Family: Formicidae) in Sri Lanka. In: The National Red List 2012 of Sri Lanka; 

Conservation Status of the Fauna and Flora. Weerakoon, D.K. & S. Wijesundara Eds., Ministry of Environment, 

Colombo, Sri Lanka. 11-14 pp 

Wilson, E. O. and Hölldobler, B. (1998) Journey to the Ants: A Story of Scientific Exploration. Harvard University 

Press,

› ,xldfõ isák ishü iuk¨ka iy zzmsïukaZZ (Skippers) l=, yhla hgf;a 

j¾. fldg ±laúh yels w;r wdfõKsl iuk¨ka 26 fokd w;ßka úfYaI 9 la 

Nymphalidae iy Lycaenidae l=,hg wh;a fõ' b;sß úfYaI wg" Papilionidae ^úfYaI 

2& l=,hg" Pieridae ^úfYaI 2& l=,hg iy Hesperiidae ^úfYaI 4& l=,hg wh;a fõ' 

flfia fj;;a iuk¨kaa ms

fï ish,a,gu wu;rj iuia: lDñ ixy;shgu ;¾ckh t,a, lrk lDIsridhk øjH yd lDñkdYl 

øjH Ndú;h ms

wxYl 90 0 fldAKhlska msysgk oe,la 

wxYl 40 0 - 60 0 fldAKhlska msysgk oe,la 

Èú ul=¿ úfYaIhla 

Poecilotheria subfusca 


Y%S ,xldfõ ul=¿jkaf.a úúO;ajh 

md,skao fmf¾rd 

wmDIaGjxYS f.da;% w;ßka ñksiqka jeäu NS;shla olajk i;a;aj ldKavhla 

jYfhka ul=¿jka ie,lsh yel' Tjqka lDó .Khg wh;a fõ hehs iuyrla 

is;k kuq;a ul=¿jka wh;a jkafka we/laksvd j¾.hghs' fuu j¾.hg wh;a 

wfkl=;a iq,n i;=ka jkafka f.daKqiaika" uelalka yd lsKs;=,a,kah' 

ul=¿jka lshQ iekska wm u;lhg kef.kafka úI yd ne÷kq u;hkah' ±kg 

y÷kdf.k we;s ,dxlsl ul=¿ úfYaI j,ska W.% úI iys; ul=¿jka jd¾;d fkdùu 

hym;a lreKls' kuq;a wm wi,ajeis bkaÈhdj yd wfkl=;a rgj, ñksidg udrdka;sl 

ul=¿ úfYaI y÷kdf.k we;' Èúul=¿jka udrdka;sl úI iys; njg ÿ¾u;hka 

,dxlslhska w;r m%p,s; kuq;a" Tjqka i;H jYfhka udrdka;sl fkdfõ' Èúul=¿ 

oIagkhla ó ueis$fonr úIlg wdikak úI iys; nj;a › ,xldfõ tlÿ Èú ul=¿ 

oIagk urKhla j;a jd¾;d ù fkdue;s ùu;a fuu lreK ;yjqre lrhs' 

chapter 

2 

56 


we/laksvdjka nyq;rhla fN!ñl mßir moaO;s j,g wkqj¾;kh ù we;s w;r 

iuyrla c,c mßir moaO;s j,oS o olakg ,efí' we/laksvdjka úlikh 

jkafka b;d wE; w;S;hl§h' fmdis,lD; we/laksvdjlg idOl óg jir 

ñ,shk 400 lg wdikak is¨ßhka hq.fhka (Silurian Period) jd¾;d ù ;sfí' 

Platnik f.a 2011 jd¾;dj wkqj f,dalfha y÷kd.;a ul=¿ úfYaI 42"000 lg 

wdikak m%udKhla we;s w;r Tjqka l=, 110 lg muK j¾.SlrKh lr we;' 

;jo" fujeksu ul=¿jka úfYaI ixLHdjla ;ju;a úoHd;aulj y÷kd.ekaug 

,laj fkd;sîuo iqúfYaIS ldrKhls' › ,xldfõ jd¾;d.; yd y÷kd.;a ul=¿ 

úfYaI .Kk 501 la jk w;r fudjqka l=, 48 la ksfhdackh lrhs' thska úfYaI 

256 la › ,xldjg wdfõKsl nj 2012 cd;sl r;= o;a; fmdf;a jd¾;d fmkajd 

fohs' kuq;a fuu ixLHdj ;j;a úYd, .Kklska jeä úh yels nj úfYaI{ 

u;hhs' 

ul=¿jka ,xldfõ ishü mßir moaO;s j,g WÑ; f,i wkqj¾;kh ù we;' 

;jo tu f.da;%hg wh;a úfYaI folla fyda lsysmhla w;r ;rÕldÍ nj wju 

lsÍug iqúfYaIS wkqj¾;k olajhs' WodyrKhla f,i iudldr ±,a úhkakka 

tlsfkld w;r ;rÕh wju lsÍug ±,;a N+ñh;a w;r fldaKh fjkia jk 

fia ±,a ne`§u isÿ lrhs' fuhska tu ul=¿jkA yg wiqjk lDñ i;=ka yd;amiska 

fjkia fõ' 

È.= yeä ul=¿ úfYaIhla Hersilia savignyi 

ul=¿jka iqúfYaIS wkqj¾;k olajk i;a;aj fldÜGdYhls' fõYdka;rKh 

(Camouflage) hkq fujeks wmq¾j;u wkqj¾;k w;r lemS fmfkk wkqj¾;khls' 

wfkl=;a i;=ka" Ydl fldgia fyda ndysr mßirfha yevhkag iudk f,i wkqj¾;kh 

úh yels ul=¿ úfYaI lsysmhlau › ,xldfõ ±l.; yel' fuhska l=yqUq 

ul=¿jka (Ant Spiders), È.= yeä ul=¿jka (Two tail spiders), fgÜg%.ake;d ul=¿jka 

(Tetragnatha spiders) yd ll=¿ ul=¿jka (Crab spiders) iqúfYaI fõ' l=yqUq ul=¿jka 

Èñhka yd lähka we;=¿j úúO l=yqUq úfYaI wkqj¾;kh lrk w;r l=yqUqjka 

;u iam¾Yl (Antenna) p,kh lrk f,i ;u m%:u mdo hq.,h p,kh lrhs' 

fuhska jk uq,sl m%fhdackh kï l=yqUqjka wdydrhg fkd.kakd úf,damslhskaf. 

ka fuu ul=¿jkag o wdrlaIdj ie,iSuhs' È.= yeä ul=¿jdg yd fgÜg%.ake;d 

ul=¿jka ;u Yßrh Wka jdih lrk Ydl nfòys fldgig iudka;rj ;nd.eksu 

yd fmkqfuka Bg iudk meyehla .ekSu ksid ndysr mßirh iu. uekúka uqiq fõ' 

fuhska iqúfYaI f,i fõYdka;rKh jk ul=¿jd yg úf,damslhskaf.ka jk ydks 

© Tharindhu Ranasinghe

ll=¿ ul=¿ úfYaIhla 

Thomisus spectabilis 

wju fõ' iuyr ll=¿ ul=¿jka (Crab spiders) ;uka isák mßirhg iudk jk 

f,i j¾K fjkia lsßug yels jk ksid wksla i;=kag fkdfmfkk f,i f.dÿre 

w,a,d .ekSug myiq fõ' 

ul=¿jka w;ßka wkqj¾;kh wkqj iqúfYaIS jk ;j;a ldKavhla jkafka mskqï 

ul=¿jkah' fudjqka yg j¾K y`ÿkd .ekSug fydò yelshdjla we;s w;r ;%sudK 

±lau yd w`ÿf¾ fmkquo (Night vision) by< uÜgul we;' › ,xldfõ ieu 

mßir moaO;shlu b;d úfYaI f,i úlikh ù we;s fuu ul=¿ úfYaI › 

,xldfõ uq¿ ul=¿ úfYaI .Kfkka 1/3 lg wdikak m%udKhla fõ' Tjqkag 

;u Yßrfha m%udKh fuka 30 .=Khl ÿrlg mjd mekSug yelsùu ksid mskqï 

ul=¿jka w;s olaI ovhïlrejka fõ' 

idudkH ul=¿jka yd Èúul=¿jka fjkia fldg ±laùug Tjqkaf.a o< msysgk 

wdldrh Wmfhda.S lr.; yel' o< msysgk wdldrfhka Mygalomorph ^Èú 

ul=¿jkao wh;a mqrd;k ul=¿jka fldÜGdYhls& ul=¿jka Aranomorph 

ûE;ld,Skj úlikh jQ ul=¿jka& ul=¿jka f.ka meyeos,sj fjkia fõ' 

Mygalomorph ul=¿jka f.a o, msysgkafka Wv isg my

úfYaI › ,xldfõ jHdma;sh ;¾ck yd ne¢ lreKq 

Poecilotheria fasciata 

fld


llal=Ügka úfYaIhla Oziothelphusa hippocastanum 

Èia;%slalfha mkdfmd," fmd;=msáh" ud;r Èia;%slalfha hï ia:dk j," fmdf

.Kh 

úfYaI .Kk 

Ceylonthelphusa Bott 1961 16 

Clinthelphusa Ng & Tay 2001 01 

Mahatha Ng & Tay 2001 06 

Oziotelphusa Müller 1887 10 

Pastilla Ng & Tay 2001 01 

Perbrinckia bott 1969 15 

Spiralothelphusa bott 1968 02 


llal=Ügka úfYaIhla perbrinckia rosae 

wm rfgys fjfik ishü i;H ñßÈh llal=Ügka Gecarcinucidae l=,hg (Family) 

wh;a fõ' úfYaI 51 l iy .K (Genera) 7 lg fnod fjka lr we;' 

by; tAl úfYaISh .K (Monotypic Genera) f,i Clinothelphusa, Pastilla ±laúh 

yelsh' Ceylonthelphusa, Mahatha, Perbrinckia .K ;=k o we;=% ixj¾Okh 

Wfoid wm rgg wysñ jk f;;a l,dmSh yd l÷lr jkdka;r moaO;sh f.ù .sh 

jir 35 ;=,§ uyd mßudK c,dY" uyd ud¾." bvï lÜá lsÍu" lDIsl¾uh" 

ksjdi bÈlsÍu wd§ lreKq fya;= fldg f.k úkdY fjñka mj;S' fï mßir 

ydkshg uQ,sl ù we;af;a ñksidf.a fkdyslauqKq wdYdjka fõ' 

lDIsl¾udka;h Wfoid jirlg fndfyda jkdka;r bvï t

Beenaerts, N, R. Pethiyagoda, P. L. K. Ng, D. C. J. Yeo, G. J, Bex, M.M. Bahir and T Artois., (2010). 

Phyliogenetic diversity of Sri Lankan freshwater crabs and its implications for Conservation. Molecular Ecology, 

19: 183-196. 

Bierregaard, R.O., C. Gascon, T. E. Lovejoy & R. Masquita, 2001. Lessons from Amazonia: the ecology and 

conservation of a fragmented forest. Yale University Press, New Haven . 478 pp. 

Bossuyt, F., M. Meegaskumbura, N. Beenaerts, D. J. Gower, R. Pethiyagoda, K. Roelants, A. Mannaert, M. 

Wilkinson, M. M. Bahir, K. Manamendra-Arachchi, P.K.L. within the western Ghats-Sri Lanka Biodiversity 

Hotspot. Science, 306: 479-481 

Bott, R., 1970. Die Subwasserkrabben von Ceylon. Ariv for Zoologi, 22: 627-640. 

Brook, B.W., N. S. Sodhi, & P. K. L. Ng, 2003. Catastrophic extinctions follow deforestation in Singapore. 

Nature, 424: 420-423. 

Cincotta, R.P., J. Wisnewski & R. Engelman, 2000. Human populations in the biodiversity hotspots. Nature, 

404: 990-992. 

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Wv y|hd 

Aplocheilus dayi 


Y%S ,xldfõ ñßÈh uiqkaf.a úúO;ajh 

;drl uq;=kdhl iy ÿIdka uq;=kdhl 

u;aiHhska hkq c,fha jdih lrk" fld÷ weg fm,la iys;" jr,a u.ska msyskd hk" 

p,;dmS ^mßir WIaK;ajh u; foay WIaK;ajh fjkia lr .kakd&" c,laf,dau 

u.ska ndysr mßirfha ^c,fha& we;s Tlaiscka Yajikh i|yd fhdod .kakd i;aj 

ldKavhls' f,dj mqrd we;s ish¿ lrosh" ñßosh yd lsjq,aosh mßir moaO;sj, yuqjk 

fudjqka c,c mßirhg b;d id¾:l f,i wkqj¾;kh ù we;s f,dj Ôj;a jk fld÷ 

weg fm,la iys; i;=ka w;ßka jeäu m%;sY;hlg ysñlï lshk uiqka" óg jir 

ñ,shk 530 lg muK fmr mßKduh jQjd hehs ie,flaa' 


Rathbun, M. J., 1904. Les crabs d'eau douce. Nouvelles Archives du Museum d'Histoire naturelle. Paris, (4)6: 

225-312. 

Roux, J., 1915. Sur les Potamoiden qui habitant l'ile Ceylan. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 23(i): 361-383. 

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Status and trends of amphibian declines and extinctions worldwide. Science, 306: 1783-1786. 

Meegaskumbura, M., K. Manamendra - Arachchi, G. Bowatte, and S. Meegaskumbura, 2012. Rediscovery 

of Pseudophilautus semiruber, a diminutive shrub frog (Rhacophoridae: Pseudophilautus) from Sri Lanka. 

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world's rerest toad Adenomus kandianus re discovered in Sri Lanka. Zootaxa 3347 : 63-68 

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Chathuranga, N. Wickramasinghe 2013. Lost and Found:One of the world’s most elusive amphibians, 

Pseudophilautus stellatus (Kelaart 1853)rediscovered. Zootaxa 3620 (1) : 112-128 

j¾;udkfha Ôj;a jk uiqka m%Odk jYfhka j¾. ;=klg j¾.SlrKh l, yels tAjd 

kï" ykq rys; uiqka (Jawless fish – Class Agnatha), ldáf,ac uiqka (Cartilaginous 

fish – Class Chondricthyes) iy wiaÓl uiqka (Bony fish – Class Osteicthyes) hk 

j¾.hs' fï w;ßka ñßosh uiqka ish,a, wiaÓl uiqka fõ' 

u;aiHhska f,dj my< jQ m

Pethiyagoda 1991 jd¾;djg wkqj › ,xldfõ m%Odk .xÕdj, iuiA: os. jk ls' 

ñ' 4500 muK m%foaYhla mqrd ñßosh uiqka jdiia:dk .; ù we;' osjhsk mqrd 

jHdma;j mj;sk fuu .xÕd yd we< fod< yereKq úg jeõ".x.d ksïk" fmdl=Kq" 

ú,a¨ iy l=Uqre rdYshla ñßosh uiqkag ;u jdiia:dk ilid fohs (Pethiyagoda 

1991). 

1982 oS fiakdkdhl iy fudah,a úiska ñßosh uiqkaf.a fuu jHdma;s rgdj u; 

mokï jQ m%Odk u;aiH úoHd;aul l,dm 4 la y÷kajd fok ,oS' tu l,dm jkqfha 

ksß; os. l,dmh" uyje,s l,dmh" úh

ñßosh uiqka ixrCIKh lsÍug f.k we;s l%shd ud¾. 

1' kS;suh /ljrKh ,nd oSu 

2' ;¾ckhg ,la jQ uiqka wNsckkh lsÍu 

3' ;¾ckhg ,la jQ uiqka nyq,j fjfik m%foaY wdrCIs; l,dm f,i kï lsÍu 

4' ;¾ckhg ,laj we;s úfYaI úêu;a f,i kj jdiia:dkj,g y÷kajd oSu 

tkuq;a › ,xldfõ fjfik ñßosh uiqkaf.ka yß wvlg;a jvd j|ùhdfï 

;¾ckhg uqyqKmEfuka fmkS hkafka fuu wdrCIs; l%fudamdhka Tjqka ixrCIKh 

lr .ekSu i|yd m%udKj;a fkdjk njhs' › ,xldjg wdfõKsl iy ;¾ckhg 

,la jQ uiqka nyq,ju oel.; yelafla f;;a l,dmh ;=,h' tkuq;a › ,xldfõ 

wdrCIs; l,dm cd,fhka f;;a l,dmh ;=< msysgd we;af;a 10] lg;a jvd 

wvq m%udKhls' tneúka ;¾ckhg ,la jQ wdfõKsl uiqkaf.ka jeä m%udKhla 

oel.; yelafla wdrCIs; cd,fhka msg; jk w;r fuu m%foaY wdY%s;j isÿjk 

úúO l%shdldrlï ksid Tjqkaf.a jdiia:dk oeä f,i ydhkhg ,la j we;' 

› ,xldfõ ñßosh uiqkaf.ka 50] lg wdikak m%;sY;hla ;¾ckhg ,laùug 

m%Odk fya;=j jkafka fuhhs' fï ksid ñßosh uiqkaf.a jdiia:dk iqrCIs; lsßu 

Tjqka ixrCIKh lsrSfï m%Odk l%shdud¾.hla f,i ye¢kaúh yel' óg wu;rj 

oSm jHdma;j isÿlrk l%uj;a m¾fhaIK ;=

uQßf.a m÷re ueähd 

Philautus mooreorum 

© Menan Jayarathna 

Y%S ,xldfõ WNhÔù úúO;ajh 

wñ, m%ikak iqukmd, 

WNhÔùka hkq weï*sìhd (Amphibia) j¾.hg wh;a p, ;dmS ^tkï mßir 

WIaK;ajh u; YÍr WIaK;ajh úp,h jk& mDIaGjxYS i;a;aj ldKavhls' WNh 

Ôùka hk mofhka weÕfjk mßÈ fudjqka ish Ôjk pl%h ;=, wjia:d foll 

oaú;aj ðú;hla .; lrhs' uq,a wjia:djka ys § c,fha fyda c,Sh udOHhl jik 

c,h ;=, Yajikh lsÍug wjYH c,laf,dau iys; lSghl= ^fmdÿ jHjydrfha 

fndfydaúg biaf.ähka fyda tadpoles& f,i;a miqj rEmdka;rKh isÿlr 

f.dvìu jik c,laf,dau rys; ^nyq;r wjia:dj,& iqyqUq,l= f,i;a fudjqkaf.a 

Ôjk pl%fha m%Odk wjê folls' 

ish¿ mßK; WNhÔùka idfmalaIj f;;a isks÷ iula ork w;r th Yajikhg 

Wmfhda.S lr.kS' tfiau fmky¿ yd uqLfha we;=,a wdia;rfhkao Yajikh lsÍug 

fudjqka iu;ah' fndfyduhla WNh Ôùka by; Yajik l%u ;=ku Ndú;d lrk 

w;r Yajikh iòyd fmky¿ Ndõ;d fkdlrk fmky¿ rys; tlu WNhÔùhd 

f,i bkaÿkSishdfjka jd¾;d jk Barbourula kalimantanensis úfYaIh ie

f.dryeä m÷re ueähd Pseudophilautus schmarda 

jdiia:dk" jHdma;sh yd yeisÍu wkqj › ,dxlSh WNh Ôùka úYd, úúO;ajhla 

fmkakqï lrhs' iuyrla úfYaI rg mqrd úúO mßir moaO;s j, iq,N jHdma;shla 

olajk w;r ^Wod( f.hs f.ïnd& iuyrla úfYaI ia:dkSh wdfõKsl;ajhla tkï 

uq¿ rfÜu hï ksYaÑ; tla ia:dkhl fyda l=vd m%foaYhl muKla u yuqùula 

olajhs' ^Wod ( .s,Suf,a jk rËs;fha j¾. lsf,da ógr 5 l muK m%foaYhla ;=, 

muKla fï jk f;la jd¾;d ù we;s uE;loS y÷kd.;a rkaje,a,f.a w`. .ia 

ueähd fyj;a Polypedates ranwellai úfYaIh& 

;j;a iuyr úfYaI ;u jdiia:dkh ms

fuu wjodkï iys; ;;ajh yd wm rfÜ WNh Ôùkaf.a úúO;ajfha yd ffcùh 

ls%hdjkaf.a we;s iqúfYaIS ,laIK ksid Tjqka ms

;s%wx.=,s i¾m ySr¨jd Nessia burtonii 

wm rfÜ jd¾;d jk Wr. úfYaI 211" .K 74 lg fnod j¾.SlrKh flf¾' 

fï w;ßka .K 11 lau wm rgg wdfõKsl fõ' tA w;r isõ md Wr.hska jk 

wx lgqiaika wh;a Ceratophora .Kh" úúO yslk¨ka j¾. wh;a jk Nessia, 

Chalcidoseps, Lankascincus .Khka" .eg fydUq lgqiaika wh;a Lyriocephalus 

.Kh yd l=re fndaos,suka wh;a Cophotis .Kh fõ' i¾mhska wh;a .K w;ßka 

ueä,a,ka wh;a Aspidura .Kh" r;a lrj,d wh;a Haplocercus .Kh" odr 

lrj,d wh;a Cercaspis .Kh" u,a lrj,d wh;a Balanophis .Kh iy lK 

W,a,ka wh;a Pseudotyphlops .Kh o wdfõKsl fõ' 

kuq;a Wr.hska iïnkaO fuu j¾.SlrKhka úfYaIfhkau by< ;lafidak uÜgï 

(taxonomic levels)" tkï l=," f.da;% wdosfha uE; Nd.fha fndfyda fihska fjkia 

lï j,g ,la úh' th bosßhg;a úúO fjkia lï j,g ,la jkjdg iel ke;' 

tfiau by; i|yka jqkq jd¾;d.; Wr. úfYaI 211 g wu;rj úoHd;aulj 

y÷kd fkd.;a iy fï jk úg úoHd;aulj úia;r lrñka mj;akd Wr.hka o 

.Kkdjla wm ráka yuq ù we;' 

o,j ueä,a,d Aspidura trachyprocta 

wm ráka jd¾;d jk isõmd Wr.hska w;r lsUq,ka úfYaI 2 la" bínka úfYaI 

3 la" leianEjka úfYaI 5 la" lgqiaika úfYaI 18 la" tla fndaos,suka úfYaIhla" 

m`¥re lgqiaika úfYaI 2 la" islk¨ka úfYaI 32 la" yQkka úfYaI 43 la yd 

f.dhka úfYaI 2la f,i úfYaI 108ls' wfkla Wr. úfYaI 103 i¾mhka fõ' 

Wr.hska fndfyda mßir moaO;s j, jHdma; ùug yelshdjla olajhs' b;d YS; 

m%foaY yerekq fldg wka ish¨ fN!ñl mßir j, › ,xldj mqrd Wr. úfYaI 

oel.; yel' b;d by< l÷lr fmfoia j, jd¾;d jkqfha iSñ; Wr.hska 

.Kkla muKls' o,j ueä,a,d fyj;a Aspidura trachyprocta fuf,i › ,xldfõ 

by< l÷lrhkays jd¾;d jk tla i¾m úfYaIhls' wdfõKsl úfYaI ie,lSfï oS 

TjQka m%Odkj rfÜ f;;a l,dmhg iSud fõ' tA w;ßka o my; rg f;;a l,dmh" 

rlajdk l÷ jeáh" kl,aia l÷ jeáh yd uOHu l÷lrfha uOH m%foaYhka 

© Gehan Rajeev © Dulan Ranga 

^Y%S mdo yd msÿre;,d., l÷jeá& hk m%foaY tA tA m%foaY j,g iSud jQ Wr.hska 

f.ka iukaú; fõ' WodyrKhka f,i fm;s wx lgqiaid (Ceratophora tennentii), 

ÿïnr l=re lgqiaid (Cophotis dumbara), p;%dx.=,s i¾mSh yslk,d (Chalcidoseps 

thwaitsi), iañ;a f.a i¾m ySr¨jd (Nessia bipes) hk úfYaI kl,aia l÷lrhg o" 

l=re fndaos,sud (Cophotis zeylanica), Y%S mdo ,la ySr¨jd (Lankascincus sripadensis) yd 

uqkskaøodif.a ,la ySr¨jd (Lankascincus munindradasai) hk úfYaI uOHu l÷lrfha 

Y%S mdo yd msÿre;,d., l÷jeá j,g o wdfõKsl h' rlajdk l÷ jeáhg wdfõKsl 

Wr.hska w;r w¾v,ks f.a wx lgqiaid (Ceratophora erdeleni), lrE f.a wx lgqiaid 

(Ceratophora karu), o is,ajd f.a lgqiaid (Calotes desilvai) hk úfYaI jk w;r r¿ wx 

lgqiaid (Ceratophora aspera) iy .eg fydUq lgqiaid (Lyriocephalus scutatus) my; 

rg f;;a l,dmhg wdfõKsl;ajhla fmkajhs' 

iuqø l,dmh i,lk úg Y%S ,xldj jgd fjr< ;Srfhka yhsfv%d*sfâ (Hydrophiidae) 

l=,hg wh;a uqyqÿ i¾mhska úfYaI 15 la jd¾;d ù we;' tfiau l,mq " .x fudah" 

lfvd,dk jeks lrosh" lsjq,aosh mßir moaO;s j,ska l=Kq osh l`Mjd (Cerberus 

rynchops), fros khd (Acrochordus granulatus) iy lfvd,dk osh nßhd fyj;a 

fm%fjdiañ f.a osh nßhd (Gerarda prevostiana) jeks úfYaI yuq fõ' › ,xldfõ iEu 

osYdjlu mdfya we;s fjr< ;Srhkag leianEjqka ì;a;r oeóu iòyd meñfKa' f,dj 

jd¾;d jk leianE úfYaI 8 ka 5 lau fuf,i wm rfÜ fjr< ;Srhkaf.ka jd¾;d 

fõ' flfia jqj o leianEjqka nyq,ju jd¾;d jkafka Y%S ,xldfõ ksß; os." ol=Kq" 

.sKsfldk os. yd jhU os. fjr< ;Srhka j,h' 

je,s fmd

úI iys; ùu ksid we;s wk;=re odhl nj fya;=fjka ñksiqka úiska by; i¾mhska 

úfYaI fukau fkdoekqj;a nj yd wksh; NS;sh ksid wfkl=;a fndfyduhla 

i¾mhska o urd oeóug ,lafj;s' fuh Y%S ,xldfõ i¾mhska g we;s m%Odk 

;¾ckhls' i¾mhska yereKq úg wfkla Wr.hska f.ka nyq;rhla iïnkaOj 

o fndfyda ,dxlslhka w;r we;af;a m%sh ckl ye.Sula fkdfõ' tfyhska tu 

u;hka fuu i;=kag ;¾ckhla jk wjia:d we;' Y%S ,xldj ;=< fndfyduhla 

Wr.hska wdydr msKsi .ekSu isÿ fkdjQj o ;,f.dhska" bínka yd leianEjqka 

fuka u iuyr wjia;d j, oS lsUq,ka o wdydr msKsi .kakd wjia;d we;' fï 

w;r ;,f.dhska Y%S ,xldfõ úh

› ,xld uhs,f.dhd 

Columba torringtoni 


Y%S ,xldfõ mËSkaf.a úúO;ajh 

wñ, m%ikak iqukmd, 

mËSka hkq fldhs ldf.a;a wjOdkhg md;% jk j¾Kj;a" l%shdldÍ Ôùka 

lKavdhuls' úoHd;aulj wdfõia (Aves) j¾.hg wh;a fudjqka fld÷ weg fm

msg ;U, jkniaid Glaucidium castanonotum 

› ,xldj ;=, jiñka ì;a;r oud megjqka we;s±ä lr.kakd tkï iqjeÈ 

ksjeishka (Breeding Residents) jk mËSka úfYaI 240 ls' fuu mËSka w;=ßka 

úfYaI 27 la wm rfÜ muKla iajdNdúlj jik wdfõKsl úfYaIhka fõ' 

;j;a mËS úfYaI 6 la wm rgg wdfõKsl njg fhdackd ù we;s w;r fudjqka 

fhdað; wdfõKsl (Proposed Endemic) mËSka f,i kï flf¾' ^flfia fj;;a 

iuyrla úoaj;=ka fuu úfYaI 6 o wdfõKsl f,i ms

wm rfÜ yuqjk iuyr mËS úfYaI j, me;sÍu fuu tla tla l,dmhg iSud 

ù we;' › ,xldjg wdfõKsl jk fndfyda mËSka my; rg" ueo rg yd l÷lr 

f;;a l,dm j,g iSud jk w;r bka iuyrla l÷lr l,dmfha muKlau jd¾;d 

fõ' › ,xld w÷re ks,a ueisudrd $ › ,xld wkq-ueisudrd (Eumyias sordidus) 

› ,xld wrx.hd $ › ,xld Wrejka ;srdislhd (Myophonus blighi), › ,xld 

jk/úhd (Bradypterus palliseri) tfiau rkamd ngf.dhd (Treron phoenicopterus), 

;s;a Wiaijgqjd$;s;a jgql=l=


ß

uy wia,dvï jjq,d Rhinolophus beddomei 

hg;a úð; iufha isÿjQ úYd, jk ydhkh yd j.d ìï we;s lsÍu ksid b;d 

±ä f,i j| ù hdfï ;¾ckhg ,lajq úfYaIhla f,i l=vd yïndjd (Small flying 

squirrel) ye`Èkaúh yels w;r fuu úfYaIfha jHdma;sh ms% f,i j.dìï we;s lsÍfï m%;sM,hla wkqj ±ä f,i j|ù hdfï ;¾ckhg 

,laj we;s ;j;a úfYaIhla f,ig ú,a uqjd (Hog deer-Axis porcinus) yeòskaúh 

yel' fuu i;a;aj úfYaIh .sx .`. yd fnka;r .`. w;r msysá mgq ìï ;Srejl 

iSud iys; jHdma;shla fmkajhs' miq.sh ld,fha we;sl< oËsK wêfõ.S ud¾. 

jHdmD;sh hgf;a fuu i;a;ajhdf.a .yKh folv ù we;s w;r tu jHdmD;sfhaoS 

isÿ jQ jk ydhkh ksid fuu i;a;ajhskaf.a jdiia:dk jq l=vd l÷ .eg yd 

jkdka;r l=Üá /ila úkdY úh' ;jo m%foaYfha we;s l=re`ÿ j.djkag isÿjk 

ydksh ksid ;=jlal=" W.=,a yd ukao Ndú;d lr fuu i;=ka urKhg m;a lsÍuo 

fudjqkaf.a meje;aug we;s m%Odk ;¾ckhls' 

ngysr l¿ j`ÿrd Semnopithecus vetulus nestor 

© Dulan Ranga © Gayan Edirisinghe 

wdishd;sl w,shd Elephas maximus 

› ,xldfõ OchOdß ËSrmdhs úfYaIhla f,i ye`Èkafjk wdishd;sl w,shd (Elephas 

maximus) o fuf,i ;¾ckhg ,lajQ ;j;a i;ajfhls' jkdka;r úkdY lsÍu" 

wkjir mÈxÑ ùï yuqfõ fuu i;=kag ysñ jdiia:dk Èfkka Èk wvqùu ksid w,s 

ñksia .egqu Èfkka Èk W.%fjñka mj;S' furg Èú f.jk jk w,s ixLHdfõ hï lsis 

j¾Okhla olakg we;;a furg yuqjk o< we;=kaf.a ixLHdj b;d iS>%fhka my< 

hñka mj;S' Bg fya;= ù we;af;a we;a o< ,nd .ekSu msKsi o< we;=ka ovhï lsÍuhs' 

fufia o< iys; msßñ i;=ka w,s .yKfhka bj;a ùu ksid o< we;s ùug n,mdk 

cdk ,laIK wod, .yKfhka bj;a ùu isÿfõ' fï ksid o< iys; we;=ka jkdka;r 

;=,u ixrlaIKh lsÍu w,s we;=kaf.a meje;aug b;d jeo.;ah' 

uqyqÿ W!rd Dugong dugon 

kS;s úfrdaë f,i we;eï uiqka urkakka úiska ovhï lsÍu ksid furáka ;=rkaj 

hk iuqø ËSrmdhska úfYaIhla f,i uqyqÿ W!rd ye`Èkaúh yel' b;d fiñka .uka 

lrk fuu i;=kaf.a jdiia:dkh jkafka uqyqÿ ;DK nyq," fkd.eUqre id.r m;a,hs' 

kS;s úfrdaë ovhï lrejkag myiqfjka f.dÿrla ùu ksid fuu i;=ka b;d iS>%fhka 

furáka j|ù hñka mj;S' ±kg ukakdru we;=¿ W;=re uqyqÿ ;Srfha we;eï ia:dk 

lsysmhlg muKla isud ù isák fuu i;=kaf.a ixrlaIKh iòyd l%shdud¾. 

fkd.;fyd;a b;d kqÿf¾oSu fudjqka furáka ;=rka ù hdu j

w¿ WKymq¨jd Loris lydekkerianus nordicus 


chapter 

2 


92 

o~q f,akd Ratufa macroura 

MOE 2012. The National Red List 2012 of Sri Lanka; Conservation Status of the Fauna and Flora. Ministry of 


Nanayakkara, P. N., Vishvanath, N. & Kusuminda, T. G. T. (2012) Re-discovery of Pouch bearing sheath tailed 

bat Saccolaimus saccolaimus Temminck (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae) from Sri Lanka after 75 years. Asian 

Journal of Conservation Biology, December 2012. Vol. 1 No. 2, pp. 134 –137. 

Phillips, W. W. A. (1980). Manual of the mammals of Sri Lanka. Wildlife and Nature Protection Society of Sri 

Lanka (Part - I / II / III). 

Weerakoon, D. K. (2012). The Taxonomy and Conservation Status of Mammals in Sri Lanka. In: The National 

Red List 2012 of Sri Lanka; Conservation Status of the Fauna and Flora. Weerakoon, D.K. & S. Wijesundara 

Eds., Ministry of Environment, Colombo, Sri Lanka. 134-137 pp. 


f.k we;;a" kd.ÍlrKh yd udkj l%shdldrlï yuqfõ fld

› ,xldfõ 

ffcj úúO;aj 

ixrËKh 


Chapter 

mßÉfþoh 

3 

ysñÈß fmfoi" fokshdh f 

Morning Side, dseniyaya 


Biodiversity Conservation of Sri Lanka

jkdka;r lv ùu 

Forest Fragmentation 


Y%S ,xldfõ ffcj úúO;aj ixrËKh 

Wuhx.d iQßhwdrÉÑ iy ;ukaoÍ m;srK 

› ,xldfõ ffcj úúO;ajfha wkd.; meje;au ;¾ckhg ,la ùug ñksid úiska 

isÿ lrkakd jQ úúO wksh; ls%hdldrlï n,md we;' fï w;r jdiia:dk wysñ 

ùu$len,s ùu$tAjdfha .=Kd;aul fjkiaùï" wê mßfNdackh iy kS;s úfrdaë 

Ndú;hka" wd.ka;=l wdl%uKYS,S úfYaI j, jHdma;sh" mßir ¥IKh wdÈh m%uqL 

fõ' 

Ôùkaf.a iajNdúl jdiia:dk wysñ ùu, ffcj úúO;ajh ydhkh ùu flfrys 

n,mdk idOl w;r m%uqL;u ;ekla .kakd w;r udkj ls%hdldrlï fï iòyd 

uQ,slju odhl fõ' wd¾Ól yd iudÔh ixj¾Ok jHdmD;s ksid jkdka;r t

ksrdjrKh ùfuka b,lal Ôùka jk mgl §¾> ld,hla mqrd 

úkdY fkdù iajNdúl mßirh ;=, mej;Su ksid mi yd c,h ¥IKh ùfuka §¾> 

ld,Skj wys;lr m%;sM, Wod lrkq we;' fuu øjH j, we;s ;j;a ;¾ckhla 

kï ffcj idkaøKhg ,la ùuhs' tkï fïjd Ôùka ;=,g we;=,a jQ úg wdydr odu 

Tiafia .uka lrñka wdydr odu j, by< mqrela j, mj;sk Ôùka ;=, idkaø .; 

fõ' fuh tu Ôùkag fukau Tjqka f.dÿre lr.kakd úf,damslhkag o ydks odhl 

m%;sM, ,`.d lrkq we;' 

Èúhd Panthera pardus 

› ,xldfõ ffcj úúO;ajh uqyqK fok ;j;a m%Odku ;¾ckhla kï i;=ka 

kS;s úfrdaë f,i ovhï lsÍug ,la ùuhs' jò ùfï ;¾ckhg uqyqK md isák 

fndfyduhla laISrmdhS úfYaI kS;s úfrdaë ovhug b,lal fj;s' Èúhd (Panthera 

pardus), w,shd (Elephas maximus), ú,a uqjd (Axis porcinus), ln,a,Ejd (Manis 

crassicaudata ), ;s;a uqjd (Axis axis) fï w;r m%uqL jk w;r fudjqka ovhï 

lsÍu uia msKsi fukau iï" we;a o< wd§ fjk;a øjH msKsi o isÿ fõ' tfiau 

ish j.djkag ydks lsÍu yd Ôú; j,g ;¾ckhla ùu ksid w,ska o" .DydYs%; 

i;=ka f.dÿre lr .ekSu ksid Èúhka o ovhï lsÍug ñksiqka fm

wd.ka;=l wdl%uKYS,S úfYaI o j¾;udkh jk úg › ,xldj mqrdu mdfya jHdma; 

fjñka wfma ffcj úúO;ajh ;¾ckhg ,la lrkd Wjÿrls' fuu úfYaIhka 

u.ska wm rfÜ iajNdúlj jik úfYaI wNsnjñka iajNdúl mßir moaO;s ;=, 

;yjqre ùu tu mßir moaO;s fukau wfma iajNdúl úfYaI j,g ydkslr whqßka 

n,md we;' wd.ka;=l wdl%uKYS,S úfYaI j,ska nyq;rh úis;=re Ydl yd úis;=re 

i;=ka f,i wm rgg f.k tkq ,enQ úfYaI jk w;r ;j;a iuyrla wyïfnka 

jHdma; jQ úfYaI fj;s' fuu iuyrla Ydl yd i;aj úfYaI j.=j 3'2 ys oelafõ' 

Ydl 

fj,a wd;d (Annona glabra) 

osh mr (Dillenia suffruticosa) 

cmka cnr (Eichornia crassipes) 

ie,aùkshd (Salvinia molesta) 

osh f.dajd (Pistia) 

osh ynr, (Limnocharis flava) 

fhdaO ksosl=ïnd (Mimosa pigra) 

iS; fmar 

md;Skshï 

i;=ka 

ukakdjd (Chitala ornata) 

f.j;= f.d¿fn,a,d (Lissochatina fulica) 

rka wem,a f.d¿fn,a,d (Pomacea diffusa) 

ykaf.d,a,d Laevicaulis altae 

r;= lka bínd (Trachemys scripta) 

ialefjkac¾ u;aiHhd (Pterygoplichthys 

multiradiatus) 

j.=j 3'2 › ,xldfjka jd¾:djk wd.ka;=l wdl%uKYS,S Ydl iuyrla 

ffcj úúO;aj ixrlaIKh iòyd › ,xldj ;=, úúO ls%hdud¾. wkq.ukh lrhs' 

fïjd w;r ia:dkSh ixrlaIK (In-situ conservation) fukau mßndysr ixrlaIK 

(Ex-situ conservation) ls%hdud¾. o fõ' ñka m%uqL;ajh .kakd ia:dkSh ixrlaIK 

l%ufõohla f,i wdrlaIs; l,dm msysgqùu ie

Ydl iy jk i;=ka iu. fmdÿfõ mßir moaO;s wdrlaIs; ;;aj j,g m;a 

lrñka ixrlaIKh lrkakd fiau ;¾ckhg ,la jQ úfYaI fyda Ôù ldKav iòyd 

iqúfYaIS jk ixrlaIK l%fudamdhka y`ÿkd .ksñka ls%hdjg kexùu o jeo.;a h' 

fujka ixrlaIK jevigyka ie,iqï lsÍug kñ tu Ôùka ms

SRI LANKA 

YBA 


fuu ixfYdaê; f;jk uQøKh id¾:l lr .ekSu i|yd PdhdrEm ,nd§fuka odhl;ajh ±lajq 

f.ydka rÔõ" ÿ,dka rx." wñ, pdkl" liqka m%§m" md,skao fmf¾rd" fïkka chr;ak" ;ß÷ rKisxy" 

wñ, iqukmd," ysfïIa chisxy" .hdka tÈßisxy hk ish¿ fokdg ixialdrl uKav,h jYfhka 

wmf.a yDohdx.u ia;=;sh mqolr isáuq'''''''

Our Biological Heritage

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