Ancient_and_modern_York_a_guide
MODERN YORK. 27 Bramham ; where both Northumberland and Bardolf were slain. About this time appeared John Wickliff. He was born in Yorkshire ; but whether his teaching produced any results in this city, does not appear. In the year 1421, the renowned Henry V.—in his salad days, the mad-cap " Hal" and boon companion of Jack Falstaff—who, afterwards, " did affright the air at Agincourt," visited York, in company with his queen. Both went, after the fashion of the times, on a pilgrimage to the shrine of St. John of Beverley. During " the wars of the Roses," or the sanguinary struggles which took place between the rival houses of York and Lancaster, this city was the theatre of much suffering and of many commotions. Edward IV., (of the House of York,) who succeeded Henry VI., immediately after his accession to the throne, marched to Yorkshire with 49,000, to oppose the Lancastrians. The army of Queen Margaret (of the House of Lancaster) amounted to 60,000, under the Duke of Somerset, and was posted in and around York; where were also the queen, her husband, and her son. On Palm Sunday, in that year, (1461,) was fought the most terrible battle ever witnessed in England, at Towton, eight miles from this city ; the description of which, is thus forcibly given by the poet Drayton :— Now followeth that black scene, borne up so ivonderous high, That but a poor dumb show before a tragedy The former battles fought have seemed to this to be. O, Towton! let the blood Palm Sunday pour'd on thee Affright the future times, when they the muse shall hear Delivered so to them ; and let the ashes there Of forty-thousand men, as they would live again To tell the manly deeds that bloody day were wrought. All the high road from Towton almost to the walls of York, was stained with blood and strewn with corpses ; "revolting human sight and accusing human wickedness." Edward marched immediately to York, and took down the heads of his father and Salisbury, that had been put on spikes above one of the bars, and buried them ;
28 ANCIENT AND replacing them by the heads of the earls of Devon and Wiltshire. He spent his Easter in this city, and from thence moved on towards Durham.* Edward died in his forty-first year ; and was succeeded by his unfortunate young son. At the time of his demise, Edward's brother, Richard, duke of Gloucester (afterwards Richard III), was on the borders of Scotland with an army. Richard repaired to York, to which place he was particularly attached, and caused a solemn mass to be per formed in the Minster for the repose of the late king's soul. He summoned the nobility of the north to this city, and caused them to swear fealty to his nephew the young king, being the first to take the oath of allegiance himself. Richard was appointed Lord Protector ; and the corporation of York soon after took an opportunity of begging him to move the king for a diminution of their yearly payments to the crown in consideration of the expenses they had incurred in the public service. On the 8th June, 1 483, Richard wrote * Good living was not undervalued it seems in those days. In the year 1465, in the reign of Edward IV., George Nevill was created archbishop of York,, and, at his installment, made a feast, to which a vast multitude of the nobility, clergy, and gentry, with their vassals and retainers were invited ; the bill of fare whereof was as follows — 300 quarters of wheat 3000 capons 200 reeee 330 tuns of ale 100 peacocks 1506 hot venison pasties I pipe spiced wine 200 cranes 4000 cold ditto 104 tuns of wine 3000 geese 1000 dishes of jelly, parted Above 400 bucks, does, 2000 chickens 4000 ditto, plain and roebucks 4000 pigeons 4000 cold custards 80 fat oxen 204 bittours 2000 hot ditto 6 wild bulls 4000 ducks 300 pikes 1004 weathers 400 hersews 300 breams 300 calves 200 pheasants 8 seals 200 kids 500 partridges 4 porpuses 300 hogs 4000 woodcocks 4000 tarts 300 pigs 400 plovers 4000 rabbits 100 Curlews 100 quails 1000 egretts At this feast earl of Warwick was steward; earl of Bedford, treasurer; and the Lord Hastings comptroller, with many more noble officers, as we are informed by a manuscript quoted by Ghent; and it probably lasted for several days. Archbishop NeviU died in exile and poverty.
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28 ANCIENT AND<br />
replacing them by the heads of the earls of Devon <strong>and</strong><br />
Wiltshire. He spent his Easter in this city, <strong>and</strong> from<br />
thence moved on towards Durham.*<br />
Edward died in his forty-first year ; <strong>and</strong> was succeeded<br />
by his unfortunate young son. At the time of his demise,<br />
Edward's brother, Richard, duke of Gloucester (afterwards<br />
Richard III), was on the borders of Scotl<strong>and</strong> with an<br />
army. Richard repaired to <strong>York</strong>, to which place he was<br />
particularly attached, <strong>and</strong> caused a solemn mass to be per<br />
formed in the Minster for the repose of the late king's soul.<br />
He summoned the nobility of the north to this city, <strong>and</strong><br />
caused them to swear fealty to his nephew the young king,<br />
being the first to take the oath of allegiance himself.<br />
Richard was appointed Lord Protector ; <strong>and</strong> the corporation<br />
of <strong>York</strong> soon after took an opportunity of begging him to<br />
move the king for a diminution of their yearly payments to<br />
the crown in consideration of the expenses they had incurred<br />
in the public service. On the 8th June, 1 483, Richard wrote<br />
* Good living was not undervalued it seems in those days. In the year 1465,<br />
in the reign of Edward IV., George Nevill was created archbishop of <strong>York</strong>,,<br />
<strong>and</strong>, at his installment, made a feast, to which a vast multitude of the nobility,<br />
clergy, <strong>and</strong> gentry, with their vassals <strong>and</strong> retainers were invited ; the bill of<br />
fare whereof was as follows —<br />
300 quarters of wheat 3000 capons 200 reeee<br />
330 tuns of ale 100 peacocks 1506 hot venison pasties<br />
I pipe spiced wine 200 cranes 4000 cold ditto<br />
104 tuns of wine 3000 geese 1000 dishes of jelly, parted<br />
Above 400 bucks, does, 2000 chickens 4000 ditto, plain<br />
<strong>and</strong> roebucks 4000 pigeons 4000 cold custards<br />
80 fat oxen 204 bittours 2000 hot ditto<br />
6 wild bulls 4000 ducks 300 pikes<br />
1004 weathers 400 hersews 300 breams<br />
300 calves 200 pheasants 8 seals<br />
200 kids 500 partridges 4 porpuses<br />
300 hogs 4000 woodcocks 4000 tarts<br />
300 pigs 400 plovers<br />
4000 rabbits 100 Curlews<br />
100 quails<br />
1000 egretts<br />
At this feast earl of Warwick was steward; earl of Bedford, treasurer; <strong>and</strong> the<br />
Lord Hastings comptroller, with many more noble officers, as we are informed<br />
by a manuscript quoted by Ghent; <strong>and</strong> it probably lasted for several days.<br />
Archbishop NeviU died in exile <strong>and</strong> poverty.
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