Ancient_and_modern_York_a_guide
MODERN YORK. 99 called the King's manor. James I. on his first coming to York, gave orders for it to be repaired and converted into a royal palace, intending to use it as such on going to and from Scotland; and it continued to be the seats of the Lord Presidents till the suppression of the Northern council. The remains of the abbey suffered much in the siege of York 1644, and in 1701 the magistrates of the county obtained permission from the crown to employ part of the materials in building the county gaol! In 1705, another portion was granted to the parish of St. Olave for the repairs of that church; and in 1717, the corporation of Beverley got permission, for the space of three years, to take away as much of the stone of the fabric as they required to repair Beverley Minster. So little care was taken to preserve the remains of the abbey in later times, that a person was suffered by enlightened utilitarians to erect a lime kiln near the venerable pile, and burn its stones into lime ! Indeed it is probable that in a few years the ruins would altogether have disappeared but for the exertions of the Yorkshire Philosophical Society, which in the year 1826 obtained a grant from the crown of three acres of land on the manor shore including the remains of the abbey ; Lord Grantham (Earl de Grey) whose family held the whole of the ancient close of the abbey, having, in the handsomest manner relinquished the portion which the Philosophical Society wished to possess. The mem bers have taken every step possible, to preserve the ruins, and arrest the progress of decay; and have had the found ation accurately measured and the grounds carefully exca vated, for the purpose of obtaining remains of the abbey and of ascertaining its precise position. The north wall of the nave of the conventual church still stands and exhibits eight windows, the lights and tracery of which, varied alternately, are remarkably beautiful. Beneath each of the windows were three canopied niches of bold tracery. Portion of the western front yet remains and is universally admired. When in a perfect state it must have been
100 ANCIENT AND exceedingly grand. It was divided into three divisions by buttresses crowned with spires and crocketed pinnacles. The ornaments about the door-way were singularly chaste and elegant. In a deep hollow moulding between every column was figured the shoot of a vine, rising from the bottom and forming at the top a foliated capital. Every relic connected with the abbey has been carefully collected by the Philosophical Society ; the account of whose valu able museum and delightful gardens will form the subject of a future chapter. GOVERNMENT OF THE CITY OF YORK. York was one of the first towns of England that pos sessed a municipal government. During the dominion of the Romans, it was governed by a corporation ; the ruling body, composed of senators, being termed the Curia. " In the time of the Romans," observes James Torr, "possessing this island, it was one of their principal colonies, or municipal towns, which either enjoyed its proper or special offices, laws, and privileges, or else the same privileges which Rome itself had." The citizens of London received a charter from King William the Norman, which, as it is as brief as it is pithy, we shall place in contrast with the earliest charter granted to the citizens of York now extant :—" William the king, salutes William the bishop and Godfrey the portreve, and all the burgesses within London, both French and English. And I declare, that I grant to you to be all law-worthy, as you were in the days of King Edward ; and I grant that every child shall be his father's heir after his father's days ; and I will not suffer any person to do you wrong. God keep you," This charter is in Saxon. It shows that the burgesses were not only a recognised class in the reign of William II., but were law-worthy in the time of the con fessor, William met too stout a resistance from the city
- Page 66 and 67: MODERN YORK. the Cathedral by the w
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- Page 70 and 71: MODEBN YORK. 55 FIRST PARTITION 1,
- Page 72 and 73: MODERN TORK. 51 GSEAT MANUAL. Lengt
- Page 74 and 75: MODEM* YORK. 59 more than five hund
- Page 76 and 77: MODERN YORK. 61 tower. These vaults
- Page 78 and 79: MODEEN YOKE. 63 suffered severely i
- Page 80 and 81: MODERN TORK. 65 ornamented with cro
- Page 82 and 83: MODERN YORK. 67 up ; but it was eas
- Page 84 and 85: MODERN YORK. 69 was granted ; but t
- Page 86 and 87: MODERN YORK. 71 A CHRONOLOGICAL LIS
- Page 88 and 89: Archbishops, when consecrated. Sir
- Page 90 and 91: M.0DEBN YORK. 75 THE PAEISH CHURCHE
- Page 92 and 93: MODERN TOHK. 77 ail batata, 33abetr
- Page 94 and 95: MODERN TOEK. 79 kept burning in hon
- Page 96 and 97: MODEBN YORK. 81 the celebrated prin
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- Page 102 and 103: MODERN YOBK. 87 to the archbishop,
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- Page 106 and 107: MODEEN TORE. 91 York for thirty yea
- Page 108 and 109: MODERN YORK. 93 appears to have bee
- Page 110 and 111: MODERN YORK. 95 (HEUsleoan Chapel,
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- Page 118 and 119: MODERN YOKE. 101 of York to confer
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- Page 122 and 123: MODEBN YORK. 105 Rogerson's rent ch
- Page 124 and 125: MODERN YORK. 107 is also round-arch
- Page 126 and 127: MOliEEN YOEK. 109 old baile, with n
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- Page 159 and 160: 134 ANCIENT AND with strong towers
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100 ANCIENT AND<br />
exceedingly gr<strong>and</strong>. It was divided into three divisions by<br />
buttresses crowned with spires <strong>and</strong> crocketed pinnacles.<br />
The ornaments about the door-way were singularly chaste<br />
<strong>and</strong> elegant. In a deep hollow moulding between every<br />
column was figured the shoot of a vine, rising from the<br />
bottom <strong>and</strong> forming at the top a foliated capital. Every<br />
relic connected with the abbey has been carefully collected<br />
by the Philosophical Society ; the account of whose valu<br />
able museum <strong>and</strong> delightful gardens will form the subject<br />
of a future chapter.<br />
GOVERNMENT OF THE CITY OF YORK.<br />
<strong>York</strong> was one of the first towns of Engl<strong>and</strong> that pos<br />
sessed a municipal government. During the dominion<br />
of the Romans, it was governed by a corporation ; the<br />
ruling body, composed of senators, being termed the<br />
Curia. " In the time of the Romans," observes James<br />
Torr, "possessing this isl<strong>and</strong>, it was one of their principal<br />
colonies, or municipal towns, which either enjoyed its<br />
proper or special offices, laws, <strong>and</strong> privileges, or else the<br />
same privileges which Rome itself had."<br />
The citizens of London received a charter from King<br />
William the Norman, which, as it is as brief as it is pithy,<br />
we shall place in contrast with the earliest charter granted<br />
to the citizens of <strong>York</strong> now extant :—" William the king,<br />
salutes William the bishop <strong>and</strong> Godfrey the portreve, <strong>and</strong><br />
all the burgesses within London, both French <strong>and</strong> English.<br />
And I declare, that I grant to you to be all law-worthy, as<br />
you were in the days of King Edward ; <strong>and</strong> I grant that<br />
every child shall be his father's heir after his father's days ;<br />
<strong>and</strong> I will not suffer any person to do you wrong. God<br />
keep you," This charter is in Saxon. It shows that the<br />
burgesses were not only a recognised class in the reign of<br />
William II., but were law-worthy in the time of the con<br />
fessor, William met too stout a resistance from the city
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