arthursguidetoyo00york

Arthur's guide to York
OT9RS

THE GIFT OF
FLORENCE V. V. DICKEY
TO THE
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
AT LOS ANGELES
THE DONALD R. DICKEY
LIBRARY
OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY
•jucsoua aaoixv9]

ILLUSTRATED EXHIBITION EDITION.
ARTHUR'S
GUIDE TO YORK
ROWNTREE'S
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CONTENTS.
YORK MINSTER, S.E. ...
CITY OF YORK, ITS .MANUFACTURES.
THE CRYPT. ...
HISTORICAL SKETCH
BIRD'S EYE VIEW
A WALK RO'JND THE ClT* ...
THE EXHIBITION
CHAPTER HOUSE
PORTRAIT OF PRINCE ALBERT VICTOR
MANSION HOUSE
LEEMAN STATUE
MICKLEGATE BAR ...
STAGE COACH NOTICE
PROMENADES
STREETS AND SHOPS
PAGE
X Spectacles versus Failing Sight. X
IN ANSWER TO NUMEROUS FRD2NDS AND ENQUIRERS,
GEORGE CHAPMAN,
WATCHMAKER, JEWELLER, &c,
(By Indenture),
51, CONEY STREET, YORK,
Is desirous of stating that he has had over 26 years experience in fitting
** SPECTACLES & FOLDERS *
and that he always has on hand a Stock of Concave, Convex, ai d Meniscus
Lens SPECTACLES. &c., of beat quality and finish.
REPAIRS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
Note Correct and Only Address:—
51, CONEY STREET,
(OPPOSITE MESSRS. KIUBY and NICHOLSON'S)
i
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The
Yorkshire Fire & Life Insurance Company.
(Established at\York, 1824, and empowered by Act of Parliament).
Capital, £500,000. Accumulated Fund, £901,277. Annual Income, £162,824
TRUSTEES.
W H HARRISON BROADLEY, Esq. Right Hon. LORD DERWENT
|
Tho Right Hon. LORD WENLOCK.
DIRECTORS.
The Rt. Hon. LORD WENLOCK, Escrick Park, Chairman.
PHILIP SALTMARSHE, Esq., Saltmarshe, nr. Howden, ) Deputy
H. J. WARE, Esq., York. J Chairmen.
COL. BB1GGS, Catherington House EDWAKD P. MAXSTED. Esq. Hull.
Horndean.
8IR JAS. MEEK, Kt., Cheltenham.
D1GBY CATLEY, Esq., Norton Grove, JAMES MELROSE, Esq., Clifton Croft,
near Malton.
LT. COL. GERARD SMITH, Hull. [York
GEO. A. 1)1 NCOMBE, Esq., Beverley. JOHN F. TAYLOR, Esq., Holly Bank
EDWIN URAY, Esq., York.
House, York.
WM. HOTHAM, Esq., Fulford Park, H. HELL THORP, Esq., 1, St. James*
York
Terrace, Clifton, York.
Rev. CANON JARRATT, North

presents from HJork.
USEFUL AND
ORNAMENTAL * PRESENTS
FROM YORK,
FROM OA
PRESENTS from YORK
GLASS PAPER WEIGHTS
WITH
MASTER. VIEWS.
SHELL PURSES, "A Present from York"
FROM
PTTTTTTTTTT 6Vod.
THE:- STATIONERY:- WAREHOUSES,
20 & 27, DAVYGATE,
ARTHUR'S.
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6 ARTHTTR S (WIDE TO YORK.
It has six newspapers, three dally, and three weekly: three of
which are unionist, two liberal, and one conservative. Hence
when people say York is without manufacturing or commercial
importance, you might almost fancy them misleading ; and the
visitor need not enquire long in the city until he become convinced
of the importance of its manufacture and commerce.
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THE CRYPT, YORK MINSTER.
In
TOURISTS *«-
•H NOTE BOOKS.
The New Loop Back Mem. EXERCISE BOOKS for Notes and
Journals in All Bindings.
at
virainTws 20 & 27, davygate,
"
YORK.

ARMS OF THE CITY & SEE OF YORK.

ARTHUR S GUIDE TO YORK.
years, and from the second campaign of Agricola its history is
distinctly recorded. While it was the capital of the most distant
Koman province, several emperors visited it— Adrian, Severus,
Caracalla, who was crowned within its walls. Severus died in
York after a campaign against the Picts ; his body was burned
on Severus Hill, and the ashes sent in an urn of porphyry to
Rome. Constantius, too dying here, it is said, was buried in an
old Church once standing in Aldwark. Constantiue the Great,
born here in 27y, was afterwards the first Christian Emperor of
Rome and founder of Constantinople.
Not less eventful were the times in York, when Briton, Saxon
and Dane contended for power, In its neighbourhood King
Arthur achieved most of his brilliant victories. In a.d. 521, he
kept Christmas there (the first year of observing the festival in
Britain), and rebuilt some of its churches, then in ruins, destroyed
by the heathen Saxons. There, too, the first conversion of
the Saxons took place, and the first Christian Churches were
setup amongst that people. In t>*2? Edwin, King of Northumbria
was baptised on Easter Day I13' Paulinus, who became the first
Archbishop of York. In 785 Egbert the Archbishop founded
his celebrated school, which himself first, then Albert taught,
and afterwards acquired great renown under Alcuin, a native of
York, and the greatest ornament of the Anglo-Saxon Church,
till he became the teacher of Charlemagne.
About the close of the tenth century, the population of the
city was about 8O,0l>0, a great proportion Danes, who harassed
the English a great deal. In luHH Eadrada and Tostig defeated
the English at Fulford; a tew days afterwards they themselves
were defeated and slain at Stamford Bridge by Harold. Here,
when William of Normandy appeared, the brave Saxons made
the most determined resistance to his cruel dastardly hordes.
In loos William built York Castle, called Clifford's Tower; the
next year the Dams slew 80()(J of the garrison and retook the
city, in revenge tor which William depopulated the whole country
between York and Durham, destroying every house and tree, on
which occasion l(Hi. (>()() human beings perished. At this and
even later times on account of the different races occupying the
soil, and the distance between north and south, York was a city
of the greatest importance" Even after the fusio .. of Saxon,
Danish and Norman blood was complete, thecitx was frequently
favoured by the presence of Royalty on their way to and from
warfaring on the borders. Hut Royalty often resided lie e in

;birds eye view of york.
FROM THE ILLUS.LON. NEWS.

10 Arthur's guide to york.
times of peace, and Coney Street and Spurriergate were inhabited
by the nobility. Thus the streets were gay with their pomp
and pageantry, the river glittering with their barges, and the
shops of the city, under royal and noble patronage, equalled
even those of London. At this time it was a great resort for
Jews, who located themselves in two quarters of the city, Jubbergate
(now Market Street), and Jewbury, in Layerthorpe.
About 200d of them were murdered by the people in Clifford's
Tower in 119 held and was visited by the Prince
and Princess of Wales, and from July 24th to Nov. 2nd, by
380,590 other persons. On the 22nd April, 1878, the foundation
stone of the present permanent Exhibition was laid by .the Lord
Mayor, attended by the Council and Aldermen of the City, and
Mayors, Professors, Clergy and gentry from distant places. It
was opened May 7th, 1879, and was a source of great attraction
Since the civil wars and banishment of the Stewarts, York has
lost caste, but it will always be a fa
ourite resort to the traveller.
A WALK ROUND THE CITY.
Tiik New Railway Station.—On reaching York by rail, the
traveller finds himself on the platform of the largest and most
handsome railway station in the world. It was opened for traffic
June 25th, 1877, the first train starting for Scarborough. While
impressed with its apparent strength and solidity you are surprised
,it its light and plea6ujg appearance. Being built on a
curve adds greatly to its beauty, light, and gracefulness. Its
length is -dm ft., breadth 28-1 ft. The roof consists of four semicircular
spans, lie largest, the north centre, is bl ft. wide, two
are 55 ft. wide, and one 43 ft. The platforms are spacious and

TADCASTER
Tower Brewery
COMPANY.
CELEBRATED
ALES & STOUT
Head Offices and Stores
George St.,
YORK
C. H. TRIPP, Manager.
PRICE LISTS ON APPLICATION.

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Arthur's guide to york. 13
roomy, and the down line is connected with the main platform
by subways. The refreshment rooms, waiting rooms, &c, are
arranged with every regard to comfort and convenience. The
chief booking office is 4f ft. by 8(3 ft., affording e\ery facility for
passengers. The principal entrance to the station is spacious
and well arranged, parallel with the city walls, and approached
by a broad drive.
The New Hotel adjoins the station, and is entered from the
principal platform by an octagonal vestibule leading through to
the hall of tha front entrance to the hotel. The building is large
the north front being 272 ft. long, the east 99 ft. 9 in., and the
west 4a ft. 5 in., having a good depth and spacious and lofty
rooms. Though somewhat heavy, the general appearance of the
building is grand. It stands just outside of the city walls, at
the top of a gentle slope, about SOU yards from the river Ouse,
the space between beautifully terraced down to the water's edge
a most delightful pleasure ground—trees, flowers, fountains,
— a perfect Elysium. Here the view is magnificent. On the
opposite banks are the pleasant and picturesque Museum Gardens
with their beds of well-arranged flowers, green swards and ancient
ruins, St. Mary's Abbey, &c. Behind these rise the towers of
the Minster, and to your right hand lies the old city of York.
On leaving the station, as you face the walls, the new road on
your right hand leads to the Mount, Knavesmire, &c. ; coming
towards the river on the left, you see two sets of three arches in
the walls, the first set lead to Railway Street, Micklegate, &c,
the three lower uown to Lendal Bridge. This elegant structure
consists of a Tudor arch, 175 ft.
span, 25 ft. high, constructed of
iron by Messrs. Hawkes, Crawshay & Sons, Gateshead, at a cost
of £35,000, alter a design by Mr. Page, architect of Westminster
Bridge. The footpaths are 8 ft. 3in., the carriage-way 21 ft.
4 in. Crossing the bridge you gain a complete view of this
beautiful structure by going down the steps opposite the toll
house, to the Esplanade. You there see the Princess Alexandra
bearing the Royal arms, the arms of the Archiepiscopal See of
York, and the White Rose of York. From the bridge you obtain
a fine view of the Minster, the beautiful grounds of the Yorkshire
Philosophical Society, the Guildhall, St. Martins-le-Grand, and
and the spires and towers of other city churches. Close to the
bridge is the Yorkshire Club Chambers, an elegant building in
Lendal, formerly Old Coney Street. At the end of the Chambers
ou have Lendal on the right, with the Post Office, Stamp Office

1A Arthur's guide to york.
Judges' Chambers, James Parson's first Lendal Chapel, &c. ; on
the left, the Museum grounds ; and straight on, the new front
of the Festival Concert Hall.
The charge for admission into the Yorkshire Philosophical
Grounds is one shilling, but on excursionists showing their railway
tickets only threepence is demanded. If, however, you get
an order from a subscriber, you, or your party will be admitted
free.
Near the gates on the right hand are the ruins of St. Leonard's
Hospital, a Saxon foundation ascribed to King Athelstan, rebuilt
in 1137 by King Stephen. The only remains standing are
those of the Ambulatory, a covered cloister of six aisles, and the
chapel ; the stone figure seated on a chair is supposed to be an
effigy of St. Leonard, to whom it was dedicated when rebuilt by
Stephen.
Near these remains stand the Mutangula.r Tower, that formed
part of the old Roman wall, which, according to Dr. Lister,
and others, would run from this tower to Market Street, up
Feasgate. St. Andre wgate, and terminate near Aldwark, then
again up Lord Mayor's Walk, making an angle by the present
city wall, and crossing by Bootham Bar. The lower part of this
building is evidently Roman, built of small ashler stones and
tiles. This being one of the chief antiquities of York, is well
worth the visitor's careful attention. Laid near are several
Roman stone coffins dug from various parts of the city.
At the end of the gardens are the ruins of St. Marys Abbey,
founded in 1050 by Siward, Earl of Northumbria, and dedicated
to St. Olave. In 1078 Stephen, a monk driven from Whitby and
Lastingham, came to the Abbey and added to it, when the Normans
changed the name to St. Mary's, St. Olave being a saint
in the Saxon calendar; a church near, however, still retains the
name of St. Olave's. From the strictness of the Benedictine
rule, the monastery declined, and in 1189 a company of monks
after a scene of violence, founded the Fountains Abbey, near
Ripon. It was surrendered to the crown in 15 it', si net' which
time it has been greatly destroyed, the stones having been taken
away to repair the castle and various churches, and make lime.
1
Turning the corner we come to the Refectory when bhe monks
used to dine, near which also s ood the chapter-house and
cloisters. Those parts of the building near the palisading were
built in the time of Rufus. The chief remains are the north wall
with eight windows of various tracery. Under the seoond window

Arthur's guide to york. 15
is a panelled arcade, through an opening of which may be seen
the tomb of Etty, the artist.
The Hospitium, or great hall of the monastery, stands near
the river in the N. W. corner of the grounds. It is now used as
the Museum of Antiquities, and contains a collection of tessellated
pavements, curious Roman graves, coffins, urns, &c, with
Egyptian, Roman, and British antiquities well deserving attention.
The Museum, opened vJnd February, 1830, i« of Grecian architecture,
designed by W. Wilkins, R.A., and contains one of the
best collections of natural history, and geological specimens in
the provinces. There are large specimens of the earliest tapestry
woven in England, once belonging to Sir Horace Walpole, and
dating from Queen Elizabeth's time, 1578. There is a splendid
andperfect skeleton of the extinct Dinornis of New Zealand,
also a valuable collection of skeletons of birds, prepared by
Mr. Allis, of York, and another of British birds, presented by
W. R. Read, Esq. One room contains some splendid fossils of
antediluvian monsters, a specimen of Ichthyosaurus, discovered
in the Whitby lias, and two splendid Plesiosauri. It contains
also bones ot hyenas, &c, found in the famous Kirkdale cave.
Many specimens shown were found near Whitby, Scarborough,
and Redcar. A great collection of coins, both Romans British
and Saxon, can be seen on application to the curator.
When you leave the garden, turn up Museum Street, and take
a look at the Minster West Towbrs in passing, then turn up
St. Leonard's, and the Yorkshire Fine Art and Industrial
Exhibition Building, with its beautiful stone front, is before you.
It was built from designs by E. Taylor, Esq., architect, at a cost
of £30,000. It has a frontage of 10-1 ft. The building is two
stories in front, one back. The front has an arcaded portico of
five arches, with an arch in each return. The entrance is by
three central doorways 7 ft. wide, also by one doorway, on each
side of the portico. These open into an entrance hall, having
secretaries' rooms, lavatories, &c, on each side. This hall leads
directly by three arches into a central lecture or concert hall.
On each side of this hall are rooms for pictures lighted from the
top, and forming two continuous galleries Over the front
portion of the building is the permanent pictnre saloon, 100 ft.
by '-29 ft., ' ft. high, with a fire-proof floor. The object of the
Exhibition is to represent the artistic and practical by means of
works of art in all its branches, by manufactures, by mechanical

16 Arthur's guide to york. )
THE
EXHIBITION.
and technical appliances, &c.
Opposite the Exhibiton Building are the Theatre and Earl
de Grey Rooms. Bv its side is the Mansion House, built by
Henry VIII. as aresidence for the Lords President of the Council
of the North when he suppressed the monasteries, the couucil
being established for the summary punishmeut of offenders
against the royal will in the risings of the North occasioned by
the suppression. It was built of materials taken from St. Mary's
Abbey. James I had it repaired, and added most of the present
front, intending to use it as a palace while moving between
England and Scotland. The Earl of Strafford, the last President,
made alterations iu the middle wing and interior, placing
C. R. (Charles Rex) on various parts, and his own arms elaborately
over one of the doors, which formed one charge against
him at his trial, having placed his own arms on one of the royal
palaces. Charles resided here after leaving Loudon, whence he
issued his commission of array before leaving to raise the standard
at Nottingham. The building is now used as a ^hool for the'

Arthur's guide to york.
17"
blind, founded in 1834 as the county memorial of William
Wilberforce, in which sixty blind children are instructed in
various useful handicrafts. In returning notice the wall on
your left, a portion of that built in 1:519 to protect St. Mary's
Abbey.
Crossing the street you are at Boothwi Ba.r, which is the
north gate into the city. The arch is Norman, built on the site
of the old Roman gateway. It suffered much in the Oivil Wars
from the Parliamentary cannon, and was afterwards restored
with the arms of the Commonwealth The barbican was taken
down in 1889, the portcullis still remains. Up Bootham are
St. Peter's School, the Industrial Ragged School, and the Oity
Lunatic Asylum. The Yorkshire Gala is also held up this road ;
this is the most important Floral and Musical Pete in the North
of England ; every variety of flowers, ferns, plants, and shrubs
being sent for exhibition from the chief growers in the kingdom.
Going through the Bar and down High Petergate vou stand
before the beautiful West Front of the Minster, the church you
see on its south side being St. Michael's-le-Belfrey, so called
from standing under the Minster Bell Tower. The onlv thing
to note about this church is that the infamous Guy Faux of
Gunpowder Plot notoriety was baptized, and his family interred
in it, being people of standing in the city at the time,
The Minster, as we have seen, originated from the small
wooden church erected by Edwin of Northumbria for Paulinus.
Immediately after, as Bede tells, the same King began a larger
building in stone on the same site. , This was destroyed by fire
at the time of the invasion in 1068, when Archbishop Thomas,
the first Norman Archbishop, rebuilt it (1070-1100). This
building also was destroyed by fire in 1137, and rebuilt by
Archbishop Roger (1154-1181). The present Cathedral began
under Archbishop Walter-de-Grev (1215-H55), and tin work
was continued by John Romanus, Archbishop Thorseby and
others, till complete! in 147 2, when it wis coas3cratel bv
Archbishop Neville, from wtiich time tin fabric his re.miued
about the same as we see it. It has twice sufferel bv fire during
the present century. Jonathan Martin, a parson proved to bs
insaue, concealed himself and fired it on tin 2nl February,
1829, when by a uationil subscription it was rector id at a cost
of £65,000. Eight years after this, bv the careless ies3 of some
workmen, it was again fir id and co?t £ J3,0 >0 to restore. Since
then, chiefly by the exertions and cost of the Hon. and Rev

;
18 ARTHURS GUIDE TO YORK.
Augustus Duncombe, the late Dean, rnany improvements have
been made, and old property pulled down to open out the view
of the buildings, which resulted in the handsome Duncombe
Street.
L)aily service is held in the Minster—morning, from 1U till 11;
evening, 4-3u till 5 ; albo 7-15 in the have during winter
Sunday evenings.
The total length of the building is 519 ft. ; length of Transept,
249 ft. ; breadth of Nave, 139| ft. ; Choir, 1*9 ft. ;
Chapter
House, 99 ft. ; height of Central Tower, 199 ft. ; Western
Towers, 201 ft. ; Windows W est, height 54£ ft., breadth 25± ft.
Five Sisters, height 53£ ft., breadth of each, 5 ft. ; East Window,
height 7 Of ft., breadih blf ft. This is said to be the largest
glazed window in the worm.
In the height of roofs, nave and choir, York is first of English
Cathedrals, while the dignity and massive grandeur of the whole
building delights the most indifferent speciator. The West
Front is allowed to be more architecturally perfect in its composition
and detail than any ether English Cathedral. The
lower part is in the Decorated English style, the higher in the
Perpendicular, 'lhe lower has three divisions separated by
buttresses enriched with niches and pannellmgs. The great
West Entrance consists of a deeply recessed arch of exquisite
mouldings, and figures showing the history of Adam and Eve.
Ihe lower part, including the doorway and windows, are grand
examples of early 1 decorated Work, being completed about 1350,
while the W esttin Towers were not completed till a century
later. As Decorated Work these West Windows stand
unrivalled.
^_
The South Side, though chaste, is not without splendid
decorations. The South Transept (1227) opposite Stonegate,
is the principal entrance, though inferior to the west entrance :
its great feature is the magnificent rose window measuring 3u ft.
in diameter. The small buildings are the Vestry and Kecord
lloom, which form part of the Chantry Chapel belonging to
the fourteenth century. Proceeding on to the great East Window,
in the frieze which you see under it are seventeen busts, the
first that of Edward III., the last Axch bishop i'horseby. To
the north stands the octagonal Chapter House, with magnificent
decorated windows and buttresses, Bhowingthe best marks
of that style. Enter t he gate, you are within the Minster

AKTHUR S GUIDE TO YORK. 19
CHAPTER
HOUSE.
garden, containing the Library, the Dean's residence and the
house of the Canon Residentiary. The Library is open every
Monday and Wednesday from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m., every Saturday
from 2 to 4 p.m. Past the Chapter House is the window of the
Five Sisters, opposite which are the ruins of the house once
occupied by Cardinal Wolsey. Leaving the garden, enter the
Minster by the south door, opposite you is the Five Sisters, to
which you pass under the great Lantern, the Screen, Choir
and Organ on your right hand, the Nave and Aisles on your
left. Decorations and monuments will meet you on every side.
Parts to be seen—the great East Window (1405-1408) by John
Thornton Coventry ; the South \isle and Vestries, in which
will be found many interesting relics; the Lady Chapel (1398-
140 5) ; the North Aisle ; the Crypt, one of the most interesting
parts of the Cathedral ; Record Room, Treasury and Vestry ;
the Choir, Organ, Screen and Chancel, North Transept and
Chapter House, then the Nave and its Aisles, and the South
Transept. One of the vergers will show visitors over the
building at a charge of sixpence.

20 akthur's guide to yokk.
^ The Central Tower (1400-1444) is ascended by 273 steps,
the view iroin which is exquisitely grand. Immediately under
you staud the Exhibition, the Training College, the City with
the Castle and church towers and spires ; looking towards the
west, the Museum Gardens, the silver Ouse, the crystal ci owned
B airway btation ; to the north, the York \\ olas, anciently the
1 oi est oi Galtres, ana the Hambledon Hills; to the south,
Bishopthorpe 1 alace, the windings oi the Ouse, and a hundred
other objects.
Leaving the Minster, passing its east end, and the York
School oi Art on your right, enter College (Street, and the
overhanging archway is St. "William's College, hounded in
146U by the .Nevilles, a residence lor the parsons and chantry
priests of the Minster, in a room ol which the Eoyai Press was
set up in 144S4. 'lhe umber work is very curious, and the
staircase deserves notice. At the bottom oi the street is
Goolramgate— Guthrumgate (Guthruiu a Danish king who
iought againbt Ailieuj. Ihe corner shop was occupied as a
draper's shop by George Hudson, the Bailway King. .Nearly
opposite is Belern in which was iormeriy the College oi the
"Vicar's Choral, ordained 1252. A lew steps further on is Monk
Bar, the most ioity of the Bars said to have been erected in the
14th century, ana to be the most perfect specimen oi its kind of
architecture m the kingdom. In ear the Bar and at the corner
ol Lord Mayor's Walk is the Church of St. Maurice, a beautiiul
ecnfice rebuilt i«7 5-lby7), now being totally demolished. Higher up is
Christ Church on the site of the Imperial Palace oi Ebokacum,
ana near this again is bi. Samison's, wanting the tower, since
the Civil A,\ ars. The only church in England dedicated to this
Baint.

Arthur's giioe to york. 21
You can now examine the Shambles, or go down Parliament
Street to the Pavement.
Passing St. Crux into Fossgate you see the Merchant's Hall,
known by the old doorway with arms above it. It has a grand
chapel, and U\o halls, one hung with iiue old portraits. It was
formerly an hospital, founded in 1377, and was dissolved in
1550. Crossing the Foss by the Bridge into "Walmgate, you
catch a hue glimpse of Clifford's Tower and the Castle. A few
steps lead you to St. Dennis's Chukch, a few steps further on to
the iron gates ol St. Margaret's Church, celebrated for a
Gorman Porch, adorned on the outer arch with the signs of the
Zodiac. W almgate Bar is a little further down. It \s as sadly
destroyed by the Parliament during the Civil War, who rebuilt
it in i04. s . It date* from Edward I., the Barbican from
Edward III. Outside the Bar is St. Lawrence Church, with a
magnificent Nokman Doorway on the south side. You must
now ascend the City Wall at the Bar, you can go as far as the
Pec Tower and survey the site of the Koman docks and moats.
You are now on the oldest portion of the Wall, set on very
ancient arches (1^7^-1327). Returning, mount the steps on
the other side of the Bar, and the Cattle Market runs parallel
with the W^alls to Fishergate. From the Bastion at Fishergate
a splendid view is had to the north of the Castle, Minster, &c.
Sear to Fulford are situated the York Barracks built in 1796,
for cavalry troops and recently much enlarged, now occupied by
the loth Hussars. York is now one of the principal military
centres of the kingdom, and the new
Infantry
Barracks,
on a site of thirty-five acres in extent, afford accommodation
for upwards of 1,500 men, with quarters for the Officers and their
families.
There are two entrances from Fulford Poad, with guard
rooms and ranges of offices. In the centre of these is the
Armoury Keep, a fire-proof building and heated with hot water,
three stories in height, with walls U it. in. thick ;
the floors
are concrete, the windows protected with ball-proof steel
shutters, and the outer doors lined with steel.
The Powder Magazine is formed on the summit of one of the
towers, and the powder can be raised by the means of a hoist.
Accommodation is provided for nearly ti,000 stand of arms and
accoutrements. The total cost of the buildings was about

22 ARTHUR S GUIDE TO YORK.
£ 150, 00.) Returning to the City, in Fishergate, is the War
Office for the northern district, necessitated hy the formation
of a military centre at York. It is a neat looking huilding, of
red brick, faced with stone ; h;^s a lofty tower and clock with
two dials. It is solely intendel for military purposes, and is
furnished with suites of offices for the officials commanding the
different branches of the service.
H. R. H. PRINCE ALBERT OJ WALES. Now stationed with
the ioth Royal Hussars at York. (From ii Photo by Lafayette, Dublin).

ARTHUR S GUIDE TO YORK. 23
Coming on to Castle Mill Bridge, you cross the Fobs into St.
George's Field, a pleasure ground opened in 1733, but spoiled
now by the Seldergate Bridge and New Public Baths built
upon it. At the Blue Bridge are placed two large Sebastopoi,
Guns. Here the mouth of the Foss has been narrowed, it was
broad in the times of the Danes, whose galleys used to moor up
to the site of the present York Castle Walls. These walls are
1,100 yards in circuit, 3 3 ft. high, built in l83»i at a cost of a
quarter of a million. The only ancient portion of the Castle
standing is Clifford's Tower, built by William the Norman on
a Koman foundation. It was wrecked in 1042 by Cromwell
after Marston Moor. It is now a county prison, having also
assize courts. &c. The porter at the gate will admit you to see
the yard and tower, but to see the prisons requires an order
from the Pris. Com. It is said a walnut tree grows in the
interior planted by George Fox, founder.of the ^ciety of Friends
while a prisoner for his faith.
Near the Castle is the Mechanics' Institute, the foundation
stone of which was laid by H. K H. The Prince of Wales, with
Masonic Honours (1883).
The large building erecting on the block to the left of the
Institute is the new Municipal Offices. Estimated cost £17,000
Coming on to Spurriergate past St. Michael's Church, from
the corner of Market Street is Coney Street (from the Danish
Conyng or King Street), once the residence of the nobility. You
THE
MANSION

iondon
24 ARTHUK« GUIDE TO^YORK.
pass the Black Swan Hotel and St. Martins-le-G-rand Church
to the Mansion House (17^5), the residence of the Lord Mayor;
behind which is tne Guildhall (1446), erected by the Mayor',
commonality and brethren of St. Christopher's Guild, that of
St. George 'being added afterwards. Leaving the Guildhall,
cross St. Helen's Square (the view of the Minster up Stonegate
is a picture), to the highly decorative church of that name,
dedicated to the Empress St. Helena, mother of Constantine,
standing on ground once occupied by a Koman temple dedicated
to Diana.
The Street to the right is Davygate, leading directlv to the
Market Place and Pavement.
You can cross Lendal Bridge to Tanner's Moat, view the
Guildhall, &c, then mount the walls by the steps. There was
a grand prospect here previous to the building of the New
Station, the view is still fine, though circumscribed. The
Museum grounds and ruins are grand.
are invited to
inspect the stock of
Photographic
Views
and Souvenirs, '
of York, at
ARTHUR'S
!
{STATIONERY*
WAREHOUSES,
Di/rVYGATE.
-
®
PHOTOS from
2d. each.
Thic
Statue of GEORGE EEEMAN.
Passing the Bastion you come to Mickleoate Bab, the largest
and most interesting of the Bars. Situated n t he I Road,
it forms a very striking approach to the city, is of late Saxon or

,- ARTHUR S GUIDE TO TORK. V5
Norman date, a square tower over a circular arch, with em.
battled turrets at the corners. Being the chief entrance, it was
used for exhibiting the heads of decapitated traitors particularly
during the wars ot the Koses. The heads of Lord iScrope. and
Earls of Devonshire, Wiltshire, and Carlisle were thus exhibited;
MICKLEGATE BAR, ON WHICH THE HEADS OF
TRAITORS WERE EXPOSED.

1 Walter
I
'
•
26 Arthur's guide to york.
also the Duke of York in 1460, bearing a paper crown written*
"that York might overlook the town of York ;
" but, when
Edward IV., after the battle of Towton, entered the city, in his
wrath at the sight, had the heads of his father's murderers hung
up in the place. It has not witnessed such a sight since 1745.
Micklegate means "The Great Gate." It was fvmerly the
residence of much nobility, chiefly Eoman Catholics, amongst
others the Earl of Derwentwater, who rebelled in 1715. Past
the Bar the Nunnery and Gardens are seen south of the Walls.
A little further on was the Old Prison, and Bailie Hill, erected
by the Norman tyrant for state prisoners. A fine view is to be
had|here of the castle and town.
YORK Four Days
Stage-Coach.
Ag. n on Friday the 7tb 1
of April i 706
.<
ALL that are deurousiopalsfrom LoaAm to /
[,
or from Tor\ to London or any other Place
on thai Road-. Let them Repair to the blacl^Sroanm
Holbonrn m London and to the Blac^Siv.m in Canty
flrrer in Torl^
At both which Places they may be received ma.
Stage Coach every Monda) rvcdn
winch performs the wlioieJourneyinFour DaySi ( if
Cod permits. ) And lets lorth at Five in iheMoimng.
And returns from 10 Stamford in two t. and ilUbovejrf „ V„
i
f
Bcnjiimm Kingman
Performed By I Henry Harrifon.
Baynes,
Alfo this gives Notice that Newcaule Stage Coach lets
out from York,

ARTHURS. GUIDE TO YORK. 27
Crossing again by Skeldergate Bridge to St. George's Field,
make up (he waterside, the stone wall you see belonged to the
Monastery of the Gray Friars, which stood between St. Mary's
Church and ihe river. Here boats are let out, and pleasure
steamers leave Ouse Bridge at 2-80 and 7 p.m. for trips to
various places on the river. The new Saloon Steamer, "The
May Queen," was specially built for the Ouse, it will pass the
New Locks at Naburn (opened by Prince Albert Victor, July,
1888), at any tide.
The Ouse Stone Bridge is an old one. It fell by being overcrowded
in 1154. Some Scotchmen lost their lives upon it in
an uproar in 19fi8, it was re-built in 1500, the present beautiful
and firm structure was erected from 1S10 to 1820. You can
now go up the bridge steps into low and high Ouse Gate, into
Parliament Street or up Micklegate.
Besides the foregoing there are many other nooks and places
of interest about the city, corners only found by moving and
looking about. Many of the churches are well worthy of a
visit. The windings between Skeldergate and Nunnery Lane
are worth exploring. There are also many pleasant walks in
the suburbs of the city, for instance up Bootham to Clifton,
thence back to Lendal by the river banks, and down the
Esplanade. Acomb, a pleasant village past Severus' Hill, is
two miles distant ; Bishopthorpe, having the Bishop's Palace,
is near three miles south ; the Pace Course and Drmghouses up
Micklegate ;
Fulford with its beautiful church past the Barracks;
Heslington Hall. Huntington, Haxby Road, &C, all pleasant
neighbourhoo !s. Boroughbridge is 17 miles distant, Knaresbro'
and Harrogate, both easy of access by rail.
CHURCHES OF "YORK.
All Saints', North Street, about 900. St Marj , Bishophill the Elder.
All Saints' , Pavement. St. Mary, i •is/wp/u/l the Younger.
Christ Church, King's Square. St. Michael. Spurriergate.
St. Clement's, < 'lementhorpe', 1874. St. Michael-le- Belfry, Petergate,
St. Cuthbert's Peasholme Green.
[l(iu'6.
St. Crux, Pavement, 142-1. St. O/ave, Marygate, 1055.
St. Dennis, Walmgate
St. Sampson, Church Street.
St. Helen. Stonegate.
St. Saviour, St Saviourgate.
St. John, Micklegate.
Holy Trinity, Oooiiramgate.
St. Lawrence. Walmgate Bar.
St. Maurice, MonLgate.
St. Margaret, Walmgate- Holy Trinity, Micklegate.
St, Martin-It- Grand, Coney Street. St. Paul, Holgate Lane.
St. Martin-eum-Gregory, Micklegate
St. Thomas, Lowther Street, Groves,
St- Mary, Castlegate. [1854.
Those in italics are most deserving notice.
tit^lT

28 ARTHUR S GUIDE TO YORK.
PROBIBICADB&
The Esplanade.—From Lendal Bridge,
Grounds, aud Scarbro' Bridge, to Clifton Scope.
The New Walk.—Fr>>rn Skeldergate Bridge, passing tiie
Band Stand, St. George's Baths, Blue Bridge, through a
spleudid avenue of trees, to the Spring Well, and Military
Landing Stage.
The Bar Walls.—From the steps at Bootham Bar, passing
the north side of the Minster, Deanery Gardens, Training
College on the left, to Monk Bar ; this is oue of the most
interesting walks in the city. (The walls restored and re-opened
to the public with civic honours, ^June, 1889).
passing the Museum
pfy /-^- ill ins of St. Mary's ABBEY,

Arthur's guide to york. 2£
A PEEP IN THE WINDOWS.
Beautiful as York unquestionably is, if denuded of its shops
it would lose much of its attractiveness ; the same remark, indeed,
will apply to all the health and pleasure resorts of the
United Kingdom, for the shops of any town add considerably to
its embellishment. There is much art displayed in the dressing
of shop windows now-a-days, and the York tradesmen are not
much inferior, if at all. to their compeers of the metropolis.
Coney Street, Ousegate, Dawgate, and Parliament Street are
the main streets for shops, Church Street and Micklegate are
also good business streets and contain many excellent places
of business.
In Clifford
Street. The Pavement, and Feasegate, are chiefly
the business places of manufacturing tradesmen or the chambers
of professional men.
VTHE DRAPERY & MILLINERY SHOPS
of the city are of a good class, as evidenced by^the windows and
show-rooms of
Messrs. LEAK & THORPE Commerce House, Coney Street.
MessrsJKIRBY k NICHOLSON, Coney Street.
Mr. H.-C. DAY, Costumier,
St. Helen's Square.
Mr. C. E. ROBINSON, Fancy Draper, 50, Coney Street.
Mr. F. J. TRAFFORD, The Stuff Warehouse, Davygate.
Mr. S. G. CRUMMACK, Fancy Draper, 17, Coney Street.
GARDINER BROTHERS, Drapers and Milliners, 2, Low
Ousegate.
Messrs. PICK & DINSDALE, Drapers, 34, 35, & 14, Parliament
Street.

30 Arthur's guide to york.
Mrs. T. CURRAN, Milliner, Davygate.
Messrs. MARTIN & SON, Drapers, Parliament Street.
Messrs. MAKINS & BEAN, Drapers and Milliners,
Street.
Mr. SNOWBALL, Parliament Street.
THE JEWELLERS
are well represented by
Messrs. KLEISER BROS., Silversmiths, Parliament
Mr. GEO. CHAPMAN, Jeweller, Coney|Street.
Mr. ORLANDO WRIGHT, Silversmith, 29, Blake Street.
Mr. J. C. ARUNDEL, Silversmith, 22, Coney^Street.
Mr. A. D. JACKSON, Silversmith, Clifford Street.
THE
TAILORS
who for the most part are also general outfitters are
Messrs. J. HARDCASTLE, Tailor, Coney Street.
Parliament
Street.
Mr. HOULDEN, Tailor, Parliament Street.|
Messrs. SIMPSON & SON, The Tailors, 29, Parliament Street.
Mr. JOHN GREENWOOD, Military, Civil,
20, Fishergate.
Mr. OLLEY, Coney Street.
THE CHEMISTS
and Ladies' Tailor,
are in no way inferior to their confreres of other towns.
Amongst them are GEO. COVERDALE, 23, Parliament Street.
R. BROOM, Church Street.
THE STATIONERS & BOOKSELLERS
who in most cases are also Printers, are
Mr. J. SAMPSON, 13, Coney Street.
ARTHUR'S Stationery Warehouses, 2Q & 27, Davygate.
Messrs. SESSIONS, Low Ousegate.
TOY & FANCY GOODS WAREHOUSEMEN
Mr. HY. CHAPMAN, Cricket Bat and Fancy Goods Warehouse,
Nessgate and King Street.
Mr. HY. KENDP.1CK, Fancy Goods, &c, St. Sampson's Square.

Arthur's guide to tork. 31
THE HATTERS & HOSIERS
are well represented by
Mr. H. M. CROUCH, 33, Coney Street.
Mr. W. F. RICKELL, High Ousegate.
Mr. GEO. CHAPMAN, High Ousegate.
Mr. M. R. FOX, Parliament Street.
SHIRT
Messrs. ROBINSON & SONS, St.
MAKERS
Helen's Square.
Mr. H. M. CROUCH, (Practical), 33, Coney Street.
THE LADIES & CHILDREN'S OUTFITTERS
are
Messrs. MAGE AN & CO.. 46, Coney Street.
Mrs. GIMINGHAM, 3, High Ousegate.
are of a good class, they" are
THE FURRIERS
Mrs. DAVIS, St. Helen's Square.
Mr. KARL SCHWABE, 86, Market Street.
CLERICAL
OUTFITTER
Mr. H. M. CROUCH, 33, Coney Sheet.
THE FURNISHING ESTABLISHMENTS
of the city are
Messrs. WILKINSON, BROWN, & AGAR, 4 & 5, Feasegate.
Messrs. COX & FALCONER, High Ousegate.
Messrs. HUNTER & SMALLPAGE, 42 & 43, Goodramgate.
THE CABINET MAKERS & UPHOLSTERERS
Mr. JOHN TAYLOR, 38 & 39, Coney Street.
Messrs. BROWN BROS., 6, High Ousegate.
PIANOFORTE
Mr. JOHN GRAY, Coney Street.
& MUSIC WAREHOUSE

32 ARTHTJR's GUIDE TO YORK,
THE BOOT & SHOE DEPOTS
are well represented by
Messrs. SALTER & SALTER, Parliament Street.
Mr. A. T. B. TURNER, 2, 3, 4, Spuniergate, & 1, High Ousegate
Mr. TENNISWOOD, Pavement.
CONFECTIONER
Mr. D. NICHOLSON, (Refreshments, etc.) Blake Street.
TOEACCON1STS
Messrs. DRAKE & CO., (Segar Importers), 39, Coney Street.
LITSTCA, MARX & CO., Head Depot 82, Strand, London ;
Cigarette making on view at the Exhibition.
SEWING MACHINE MAKER
Mr. J. H. WRIGHT, Stocking Knitter, &c, 21, Spurriergate.
LINEN & BLIND WAREHOUSE
Mr. HARDING'S, 21, High Ousegate.
GROCERS
Messrs. G. DICKENSON & SON, Bootham Bar.
Mr. G. BRITTON, Church Street.
ARTHUR'S
STATIONERY WAREHOUSES,
20 & 27, DAYYGATE, YORK.
TRADE fecMp^IFTI^5^! MARK.
COMMERCIAL & FANCY STATIONERY.

.
did
—
Moonseed Bitters
is
THE
BEST, SAFEST, CHEAPEST, & MOST MARVELLOUS
OF ALL
MEDICINES ON THE EARTH,
FOR THE
BLOOD, LIVER, STOMACH,
KIDNEYS, HEART, AND NERVES.
WONDERFUL CURE AT ELLAND.
Gentlemen,
34, Southgate, Elland, Yorks.
May 31st, 1889.
Messes. E. A. Powell amd Co., Swindon.
I have great pleasure in bearing my testimony to the marvellous cure
which your Bitteis and Ointment have effected.
Fifteen mouths ago I was compelled to cease working owing to a number
of abscesses which 1 had upon various parts of my body. I took my bod, and
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in-door patient of the Halifax Infirmary, about three miles away, I accordingly
so, after being at home seven months.
I stayed in the Infirmary about two months, being under the care of one
of the best of physicians ; I underwent two operations and was ultimately discharged
from that institution as incurable, my case being considered a very
bad one.
I was at death's door when I came home, and daily I was expecting the
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months, when a friend, who had read in the columns of the Ellana Echo of the
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recommended me to give your remedies a trial. I confess I had not much faith in
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and applied the Ointment according to the instructions, and about two months
aftor commencing with the remedies was able to get down stairs. I gradually
improved, and in a week or two was able to get out of doors. I walked the
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I remain, gentlemen,
—•
Yours gratefully,
BENJAMIN ELLIS.
Wholesale of RAIMES & CO., Chemist. 13, Sltelflegatfe.
Retail of GEORGE COVERDALE, Chen ist, 23. Parliament Street; EDWARD
KNOWLES, Chemist, Blossom-St., and all chemists.
In Bottles at 2s. 9d. and 4s. 6d. only.

' I I I I I I I I I H
VISITS TO Tm :
IIBITION
Should take away with them
OF
BRITTON'S
LiA
'NATIONAL' TEA,
21-
PER POUND.
I I I I I I I IT I I I I U
1 T1 I 1 I H
"ft.
Jfl0$F gmi^BItE Pf(EgEP ¥W>W
the nw^w cwy.
-$*e
CLIFTON HOUSE, BOOTHAM.
BRANCHES :—
56, PETERGATE, Corner of Church St.
96, MICKLEGATE, Corner of Railway St.
4YORK,^

x^s?»ssaffl«ar
7/V 000 394 654 8
3 1 58 00948 1051
This book is DUE on the last
date stamped below
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