INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT OF INSECTS IN URBAN GREEN SPACES

INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT OF
INSECTS IN URBAN GREEN SPACES
M Glavendekić
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Forestry,
Department of Landscape Architecture and
Horticulture, Belgrade, Serbia,
email: milka.glavendekic@sfb.bg.ac.rs
International Symposium “Current Trends in Plant Protection, 25-28.9.2012, Belgrade, Serbia

INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT OF INSECTS IN URBAN
GREEN SPACES
• INTRODUCTION
• MATERIALS AND
METHODS
• RESULTS
• DISCUSSION
• CONCLUSIONS
International Symposium “Current Trends in Plant Protection”, 25-28.9.2012, Belgrade, Serbia

• Native insects are trophically
related to ornamental plants on
urban green spaces.
• More than 65% alien arthropods
are recorded in parks, gardens
and other human-made habitats
(Lopez-Vaamonde et. al, 2010).
• The most aliens remain strictly
associated with their
ornamental exotic hosts.
• Beneficial insects on public
green and in urban forest
ecosystems have been studied
in Serbia for more than 40 years
(Tomić & Mihajlović, 1974;
Stojanović & Markovic, 2004;
Glavendekic et al., 2010,
Glavendekic, 2012).
• The surveys carried out on
urban green spaces in Serbia
confirmed our hypothesis how
it is complex ecosystem.
INTRODUCTION
International Symposium “Current Trends in Plant Protection:, 25-28.9.2012, Belgrade, Serbia

• Studies on the biology and
ecology of alien insects
were conducted in parks
and urban forests in
Belgrade, Vršac, Novi Sad
and Kruševac (Serbia) and
in Budva and Herceg Novi
(Montenegro).
• The investigation of insect
pests on urban green
spaces was mainly done
because of their economic
and ecological effect on
cultivated ornamental
plants.
• Standard entomological
methods were applied.
MATERIALS AND
METHODS
International Symposium “Current Trends in Plant Protection, 25-28.9.2012, Belgrade, Serbia

• Integrated pest management (IPM)
involves the use of different
techniques to control insect pests:
• cultural control (use ornamental
plants the most suitable for
environmental condition, choose
appropriate cultivar of host plant,
• apply technique of planting
following good practice and
standards,
• plant healthy plants for planting);
• physical control (cutting and
destroying of highly affected plant
parts,
• collecting of leaves in autumn,
• Appropriate method of monitoring:
pheromone traps, sticky stripes,
color sticky traps etc.);
• use of biological control agents,
• keep safe populations of natural
enemies and
• selective applications of chemical
insecticides.
International Symposium “Current Trends in Plant Protection, 25-28.9.2012, Belgrade, Serbia

Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimić
One of the most important insect pests
in urban green.
The most frequent parasitoids recorded
in Serbia are: Minotetrastichus
frontalis, Closterocerus trifasciatus,
Pnigalio pectinicornis, P. agraules,
Pediobius saulius, Cirrospilus
talitzkii, C. elegantissimus, C. vitatus,
Elachertus inunctus.
Up to now there is no evidence that
natural enemies can control
populations of the pest (Dautbašić,
2002; Stojanović and Marković,
2004).
IPM options for control of C. ohridella:
cultural, physical, save biological
control agents and alternative
methods of application of
insecticides.
International Symposium “Current Trends in Plant Protection, 25-28.9.2012, Belgrade, Serbia

Injektovanje sa ručnom aparaturom
A. s. Abamectin
trials 2004-2012 in
Belgrade

Belgrade, August 2003 Belgrade, November 2004
No control
Control with a.c. abamectin-injetion

Aphididae
Outbreaks of Cinara cedri Mimeur 1936
(Homoptera; Aphididae) have been
observed in 2002 in Belgrade, Vršac and
Novi Sad.
During the research on natural enemies of
C. cedri, the most common were
predators: Chrysopa spp, Coccinella
septempunctata, Adalia bipunctata and
recently immature stages and adults of
Harmonia axyridis have been observed.
Bow-legged fir aphid Cinara curvipes,
(Patch) (Homoptera: Aphididae) a pest of
Abies spp. was in 2001 recorded in
Serbia (Poljakovic-Pajnik et al., 2002).
Predators: Chrysopidae, Coccinelidae,
Syrphidae.
Following IPM options could be considered
for control of aphids: cultural, physical,
biological control and application of
biorational insecticides.
International Symposium “Current Trends in Plant Protection, 25-28.9.2012, Belgrade, Serbia

Parasitoid
Herbivora: Aphis spiraecola
Diplazon laetatorius
Host plant:
Spiraea sp.
pupa
Chalcidoidea
Competition:Coccinella
septempunctata L.,
Chysoperla carnea
Stephens и
Predator
Episyrphus balteatus
Larva

Harmonia axyridis
Common on urban trees and
shrubs. Predator of Aphids on
Tilia, Acer, Fraxinus spp.
Ecological impact of H. axyridis
is very important, since it was
recorded that it shares
parasitoids with native
coccinellids Homalotylus
flaminius Dalman
(Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae)
(Glavendekić et al., 2010).
Tachinidae
Phoridae (in press)
International Symposium “Current Trends in Plant Protection, 25-28.9.2012, Belgrade, Serbia

Corythucha ciliata (Say) (Heteroptera: Tingidae)
American netlike bug was at the
beginning of 70th’s for the first time
recorded on the Balkan Peninsula
(Tomić and Mihajlović, 1974).
During ninetieths lower population of
C. ciliata has been observed, as well
as very good established population
of predators: Anthocoridae, Miridae,
and Chrysopidae.
IPM options for control of C. ciliata:
cultural, physical, biological control
and application of biorational
insecticides.
International Symposium “Current Trends in Plant Protection, 25-28.9.2012, Belgrade, Serbia

Metcalfa pruinosa (Say)
It expanded its range within last decade
significantly. It was observed in Serbia
for the first time in 2006 in the vicinity
of Belgrade and now it is spread about
130 km westwards and north from the
first recorded locality.
A wasp parasitoid, Neodryinus
typhlocybae Ashmead (Hymenoptera:
Dryinidae) was observed in
Montenegro in the town Budva
(Glavendekic et al., 2010).
IPM options for control of M. pruinosa:
cultural, physical, biological control and
application of biorational insecticides.
International Symposium “Current Trends in Plant Protection, 25-28.9.2012, Belgrade, Serbia

Tomostethus nigritus F. (Hymenoptera:
Tenthredinidae)
Defoliator of Fraxinus excelsior
cultivars along tree-lined
avenues in Belgrade.
The research on natural enemies of
T. nigritus revealed parasitic
wasps Synoecetes tenuicornis
Grav.
(Hymanoptera:
Ichneumonidae) and flies
(Diptera: Tachinidae) as
parasitoids of immature stages.
Following IPM options for control of
T. nigritus: cultural, physical,
biological control and application
of biorational insecticides.
International Symposium “Current Trends in Plant Protection, 25-28.9.2012, Belgrade, Serbia

Impact of climate change and trade with ornamental plants

Impact of climate change and trade with ornamental plants
Developement of new
methods for montioring
of pathways for
introduction and spread
of pests.
Improvement of
legislation

Conclusions
• In the control of C. ohridella, C. cedri, C. curvipes, C.
ciliata, M. pruinosa and T. nigritus in parks and urban
fores ecosystems IPM could be applied.
• Biorational products in managing pests could be more
fully integrated into IPM programs.
• Thorough periodic survey that includes an assessment
of natural enemies can provide this information.
• There is need to develop new methods for monitoring of
pests in urban green spaces.
International Symposium “Current Trends in Plant Protection, 25-28.9.2012, Belgrade, Serbia

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
• This work was supported by Ministry of
Education and Science, Grant III 42007.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
International Symposium “Current Trends in Plant Protection, 25-28.9.2012,
Belgrade, Serbia