Válisti 2

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English summary The first part of an official Red List of threatened species in lceland, Red List I, Plants, was published in 1996 by the lcelandic Institute of Natural History. The second part presented here by the Institute covers breeding birds. It is based on an evaluation of all 76 species of regular breeders in the country, including extinct species and species that have ceased breeding. Regular transient migrants were also evaluated for the list, að well að incidental breeders. The categories and criteria used in this second part of the Red List are based on the revised IUCN criteria for global assessment from 1994, but adapted for national use. The categories used in the lcelandic Red List are: Extinct (EX), Extinct in the wild (EW), Critically endangered (CR), Endangered (EN), Vulnerable (VU), Lower risk (LR) and Data deficient (DD). The species are listed by the above categories and in alphabetical order by lcelandic names (cf. App. 3) within each category. The major threats to each species are presented in the list að well að information on the biology of the species, population size and distribution in lceland, conservation measures and monitoring programmes. The status of each species in a regional and international context is discussed and references made to relevant international conventions and commitments. An English summary is given for each species account. There are 32 species included in the list (Table 1), or 42% of the 76 regular breeding birds of lceland. One of these species is extinct (EX) and two are extinct að breeding birds in the country (EW). The remaining 29 species fall into four categories: 6 are critically endangered (CR), 5 are endangered (EN), 15 are vulnerable (VU), indicating that they may eventually fall into the EN-category if the negative factors currently affecting them continue to operate in the future. Finally, 3 species are classified að lower risk (LR). More than half of the species on the Red List (1 8/32) are listed in part because of their small populations. These are both some rather recent regular breeders að well að species which apparently have always been rather rare in lceland, e.g. Gavia immer and Falco rusticolus. A few species which have declined drastically are also included among the rare birds. One third of the species of the list (9/32) have local distributions. These include four species of colonial seabirds, three of which [Puffinus puffinus, Hydrobates pelagicus and Oceanodroma leucorrhoa) are mostly confined to Vestmannaeyjar in the South. Five species of waterfowl have their main distribution at the eutropic Lake Mývatn in the North. Finally, there are ten species listed in part because of fheir declining populations. Some of these have declined drastically because of habitat destruction and others because of overharvesting: Anser anser, Larus marinus, Uria lomvia and Corvus corax. In lceland the Red List is considered an important tool for fulfilling obligations undertaken by the Government through various international and regional conventions on the conservation of threatened species and their habitats. The Red List is also crucial for the effective monitoring of the most vulnerable biota, and forms a basis for sustainable use and the conservation of biological diverðity. 7
Látrabjarg er eitt mesta fuglabjarg í Evrópu. Þar verpur yfir ein milljón sjófuglapara og þar er mesta álkubyggð í heimi. Ljósm.: J.O.H. 6
Page 2 and 3: Válisti 2 Fuglar
Page 4 and 5: Efnisyfirlit Bls. English summary 7
Page 8 and 9: Fylgt úr hlaði Útgáfa válista
Page 10 and 11: Geirfuglar urðu útdauðir á Isla
Page 12 and 13: lífsferill hennar verið vel þekk
Page 14 and 15: 1. tafla. Fuglar á válista, flokk
Page 16 and 17: Lífrík votlertdi eru lykilsvæði
Page 18 and 19: Himbrimi er ein þeirra fuglategund
Page 20 and 21: dýra sem ber að friða og þar er
Page 22 and 23: Fuglavernd og áhyrgð Íslendinga
Page 24 and 25: Efni válistans og útbreibslukort
Page 26 and 27: Geirfugl, E: Great Auk, D: Gejrfugl
Page 28 and 29: Haftyrðill, E: Little Auk (Am. Dov
Page 30 and 31: Keldusvírt, E: Water Rail, D: Vand
Page 32 and 33: Brandönd, E: Shelduck (Am. Sheldra
Page 34 and 35: Fjöruspói, E: Curlew (Am. Eurasia
Page 36 and 37: Gráspör, E: House Sparrow, D: Gr
Page 38 and 39: Skutulönd, E: Pochard, D: Taffelan
Page 40 and 41: Snæugla, E: Snowy Owl, D: Sneugle,
Page 42 and 43: Strandtittlingur, E: Rock Pipit, D:
Page 44 and 45: Haförn, E: White-tailed Eagle, D:
Page 46 and 47: 47
Page 48 and 49: Helsingi, E: Barnacle Goose, D: Bra
Page 50 and 51: Húsönd, E: Barrow's Goldeneye, D:
Page 52 and 53: Skeiðönd, E: Shoveler (Am. Northe
Page 54 and 55: Þórshani, E: Crey Phalarope (Red
Page 56 and 57:
Brandugla, E: Short-eared Owl, D: M
Page 58 and 59:
Fálki, E: Gyrfalcon, D: Jagtfalk,
Page 60 and 61:
Flórgoði, E: Slavonian Grebe (Am.
Page 62 and 63:
Gargönd, E: Gadwall, D: Knarand,
Page 64 and 65:
Grágæs, E: Greylag Goose, D: Grá
Page 66 and 67:
Gulönd, E: Goosander (Am. Common M
Page 68 and 69:
Himbrimi, E: Great Northern Diver (
Page 70 and 71:
Hrafn, E: Raven, D : Ravn, Þ: Kolk
Page 72 and 73:
Hrafnsönd, E: Common Scoter (Am. B
Page 74 and 75:
Sjósvala, E: Leach's Petrel (Am. L
Page 76 and 77:
Skrofa, E: Manx Shearwater, D: Almi
Page 78 and 79:
Stormsvala, E: Storm Petrel, D: Lil
Page 80 and 81:
Stuttnefja, E: Bríinnich's Guillem
Page 82 and 83:
Súla, E: Gannet, D: Sule, P: Bafí
Page 84 and 85:
Svartbakur, E: Great Black-backed G
Page 86 and 87:
Grafönd, E: Pintail, D: Spidsand,
Page 88 and 89:
Stormmáfur, E: Common Gull, D: Sto
Page 90 and 91:
Straumönd, E: Harlequin Duck, D: S
Page 92 and 93:
23. Bengtson, S.-A. 1972. Breeding
Page 94 and 95:
65. Kristinn Haukur Skarphéðinsso
Page 96 and 97:
7. viðauki. Leiðbeiningar IUCN vi
Page 98 and 99:
I yfirvofandi hættu (VU) Tegund te
Page 100 and 101:
Jaðrakan Limosa limosa 7.000-10.00
Page 102 and 103:
3. viðauki. Tegundir á válista
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Válisti 2

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