PRESERVATION OF WALLPAPERS AS PARTS OF INTERIORS

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Methods of wallpaper production and mounting Figure 67. Fine details were printed with brass elements embedded in the block. Figure 68. A block-printer producing a dado at John Perry’s. Reproduction from The Wallpaper Review 1993/94, p. 24. Figure 69. A block-printed wallpaper found in Tallinn, Estonia. Collection of Robert Nerman. 115
Methods of wallpaper production and mounting Before printing, the block was pressed against a pad made of calf-skin and cloth, coated with paint. It was then lifted and placed on a strip of paper lying on a table. Extra pressure could be added by tapping the block with a mallet. Before printing another copy of the pattern, the block needed to be tipped into the paint once more. (Fig. 68) In order to hide the joins between two prints made by the same block, the artisan used “register marks”, little brass points placed on the sides of the block 186 or hidden in the pattern. Defects, such as gaps in a paint layer or pattern, were touched up by hand after the printing was done. To recognize a block-printed design, one needs to take a closer look at the relief of a pattern. Since the block was pressed against the paper in a straight motion from top to bottom, this created multi-directional “veining” within separate pattern shapes, which had sharply defined outlines 187 known as a “lip”. (Fig. 69) Furthermore, in the surface of paint one can notice tiny holes left by bubbles created during the process of printing. Some of the finest examples of block-printing are imitations of lavish textiles and panoramic wallpapers, most of which were printed between 1800 and 1860. Since their design was frequently made up of dozens or even hundreds of colours, the number of blocks was extremely high. The process of producing a scene could be very time-consuming and costly. The designing, printing and engraving required a great deal of careful planning, and considerable experience and skill on the part of those involved. 188 2.2.3. Flocking A method of flocking first appeared in the late 15th century, but reached its peak in the middle of the 18th century. The basic technology of producing a flocked wallpaper resembles the method of block-printing, only in this case the paint has been replaced by an adhesive and powdered and coloured textile fibres. 186 Nouvel, Wallpapers in France, 21. 187 Frangiamore, Wallpapers in Historic Preservation, 7. 188 A Decorative Art. 19th Century Wallpapers in the Whitworth Art Gallery , 6. 116
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Kadri Kallaste PRESERVATION OF WALL
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Kadri Kallaste Preservation of Wall
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Introduction removed from its origi
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Introduction Kristel Kevvai (2008)
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Introduction CHOICE OF TOPIC The ch
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Introduction OBJECTS OF RESEARCH Ei
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Introduction STRUCTURE OF THE THESI
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Introduction HISTORIOGRAPHY AND SOU
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Introduction The material dealing w
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Task of conservation. Case studies
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Methodological conclusions preferre
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Methodological conclusions The auth
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Kokkuvõte tapeetide säilitamine n
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Kokkuvõte Eestis ei ole aga muuseu
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Kokkuvõte JÄRELDUSED Tapeetide re
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Kokkuvõte Tapeedi eemaldamine sell
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INTERVIEW Interview with Simona Pre
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Paccin - Preparation, Art Handling
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Collier, A., Wallpaper - In and Out
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Krista Kodres, Mart Kalm and Elo Lu
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Directory, 1997. Accessed September
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Stavenow-Hidemark, E., Textile desi
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