PRESERVATION OF WALLPAPERS AS PARTS OF INTERIORS

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Historic types of wallpaper and decorative schemes of interiors Figure 62. Borders from the 1930s. Collection of Tiiu Lõhmus. Figure 63. Interiors of the residence of the Ungern-Sternberg family on the Toompea in Tallinn. ERM 887:120 / ERM 887:811. 103
Historic types of wallpaper and decorative schemes of interiors CONCLUSION As a conclusion to the historical survey, although the long prevailing modernist discourse considered wallpaper to be an imitative material aping more luxurious materials, there are numerous independent patterns and decorative schemes characteristic only to paper wall covers. Wallpapers were either integrated into a certain scheme made up of additional details, such as dados, cornices and mouldings, or covered the whole surface of walls. The development of various decorative schemes was strongly connected to cultural and technical factors. It was influenced by archaeological finds, wars, the exploration of exotic countries and cultures, the discovery of new pigments, urbanization, industrial means of production and changes in social standards. England, France and, starting in the second half of the 18th century, Germany played a leading role in the technological and artistic development of wallpaper. Although paper wall covers were produced in various other countries, England and France generated the main influential ideas, which spread throughout the world. Due to close political, educational, cultural and family relations to Germany and especially Prussia and its surrounding area, ideas of interior decoration were familiar to Baltic-German and Russian families living in Estonia. Since German decorators sought to follow the ideas of English Neo-Classical architects at the end of the 18th century and French fashion of the Empire style during the early 19th century, fashions and means of decorating walls from Central Europe also reached Estonia. As revealed by the previous chapter, the use of wallpaper was connected to the functions of rooms and to gender, education, religious beliefs and social class. Due to the fast development of and improvement in printing techniques, wallpaper gradually became a more significant means of decoration. Although very few early wallpapers have survived intact, numerous fragments found in situ, memoirs and advertisements reveal that a wide range of decorative papers were used in the 18th century. Fast advances in industrialization and growing public demand for cheaper products in the 19th century made wallpaper a popular 104
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Kadri Kallaste PRESERVATION OF WALL
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Kadri Kallaste Preservation of Wall
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3. Discussing principles of conserv
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I am thankful to all the people and
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Introduction removed from its origi
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Introduction Kristel Kevvai (2008)
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Introduction CHOICE OF TOPIC The ch
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Introduction OBJECTS OF RESEARCH Ei
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Introduction STRUCTURE OF THE THESI
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Introduction HISTORIOGRAPHY AND SOU
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Introduction The material dealing w
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Historic types of wallpaper and dec
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Task of conservation. Case studies
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Methodological conclusions preferre
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Methodological conclusions thetical
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consolidated and, secondly, if the
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Methodological conclusions the larg
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Methodological conclusions The auth
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Methodological conclusions briefly
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Documentation of the work on the Pu
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Kokkuvõte tapeetide säilitamine n
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Kokkuvõte Eestis ei ole aga muuseu
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Kokkuvõte lise väärtuse tõttu r
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Kokkuvõte rimislahenduse väljatö
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Kokkuvõte JÄRELDUSED Tapeetide re
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Kokkuvõte Tapeedi eemaldamine sell
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INTERVIEW Interview with Simona Pre
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Paccin - Preparation, Art Handling
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Collier, A., Wallpaper - In and Out
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Krista Kodres, Mart Kalm and Elo Lu
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Directory, 1997. Accessed September
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Stavenow-Hidemark, E., Textile desi
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PRESERVATION OF WALLPAPERS AS PARTS OF INTERIORS

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