The Journal of Research ANGRAU

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INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN AND WEED MANAGEMENT ON GROWTH REFERENCES Jayadeva, H.M., Bhairappanavar, S.T., Hugar, A.Y., Rangaswamy, B.R., Mallikarjuna, G.B., Malleeshappa and Naik, C.C.D. 2011. Integrated weed management in aerobic rice. Agricultural Science Digest. 31 (1): 58-61. Prasad, R. 2011. Aerobic rice Systems. Advance in Agronomy. 111: 207-246. Sharma, R.P., Pathak, S.K and Singh, R.C. 2007. Effect of nitrogen and weed management in direct-seeded rice under upland conditions. Indian Journal of Agronomy. 52 (2): 114- 119. Shekara, B.G., Nagaraju and Shreedhara, D. 2010. Growth and yield of aerobic rice as influenced by different levels of N, P and K in Kaveri command area. Journal of Maharashtra Agricultural Universities. 35 (2): 195-198. Singh, B., Malik, R.K., Yadav, A and Nandal, D.P. 2006. Weed management in direct seeded rice under different crop establishment methods. Extended summaries in the National Symposium on Conservation Agriculture and Environment. Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 26-28 October 2006. pp.332-333 Singh, K and Tripathi, H.P. 2007. Effect of nitrogen and weed control practices on performance of irrigated direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa). Indian Journal of Agronomy. 52 (3): 231-234. 70
Research Notes J.Res. ANGRAU 41(1) 66-69, 2013 EFFECT OF SEED PRIMING ON BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES DURING SEED STORAGE OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) HYBRIDS M. RAM KUMAR, P. S. RAO, V. PADMA and K. V. RADHA KRISHNA Department of Crop Physiology, College of Agriculture Acharya NG Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030 Date of Receipt : 04.06.2012 Date of Acceptance : 08.02.2013 Maize is one of the most important cereal crops in the world. It is widely grown twice a year in certain agro climatic zones of India and the world as a staple food. Only 20-25 percent quantity of the seed is invariably stored and used by farmers in subsequent seasons. The remaining 75-80 percent of the seed quantity is transported to market during the first season itself to meet the demand of the farmers. The challenging task to overcome problems in process of the seed storage is the seed deterioration (viz., physiological or biochemical changes) which ultimately leads to loss of its vigour and viability. Priming is also thought to increase enzyme activity and counteract the effects of lipid peroxidation (Saha et al., 1990). During priming de novo synthesis of á-amylase is also documented (Lee and Kim, 2000). Metabolic activities in seeds increase with á-amylase activity, indicating higher seed vigour. Rapid and uniform field emergence, are two essential prerequisites to increase yield, quality and ultimately profits in crop production. Uniformity and percentage of seedling emergence of directseeded crops have a major impact on final yield and quality. The medium vigour (Six month old) seed lots of five maize hybrids viz., AH 122, SMH-9, DHM 111, DHM 115 and DHM 117 having germination up to minimum seed certification standard (MSCS) were dried to 9% moisture are used for the study during 2010-11. The seeds were subjected to priming at 25 o C with distilled water (T 1 ), PEG - 1.2 MPa (T 2 ), KNO 3 @ 0.5% (T 3 ) along with untreated control (To). The invigoration treatments were given to the seeds by soaking in same quantity of water/aqueous solution of chemical (1: 1 seed and water/solution) for 18 hours at ambient temperature followed by drying back to original moisture content under shaded condition. Immediately after drying the treated seeds were stored in moisture impervious containers at ambient condition. The seed samples (primed and unprimed) were drawn at 0, 2, 4 and 6 months after treatment for studying the enzymatic changes during storage. The fresh seed sample of 0.5 g was homogenized with 5ml of chilled citrate buffer (pH 5.0) and centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 15 minutes. The supernatant was used for assessing the activity of á-amylase as per the procedure described by Choi et al. (1996). Enzyme extract for peroxidase was prepared by first freezing the weighed amount of seed sample (1g) in liquid nitrogen to prevent proteolytic activity followed by grinding with 10 ml extraction buffer (0.1M phosphate buffer, pH 7.5,containing 0.5 mM EDTA). Brie was passed through four layers of cheese cloth and filtrate was centrifuged for 20 min. at 15000 G and the supernatant was used as enzyme extract. The enzyme extract was used for assesing the acivity of peroxidase described by Castillo et al. (1984). The α - amylase activity (mmol g -1 fr wt) was reported to be significantly different among treatments and hybrids. There was a significant interaction between hybrids and treatments at all duration of time after storage (Table 1). Among the five maize hybrids DHM 117 primed with water (Hydropriming) recorded maximum value (2.17 mmol g -1 ) of á- amylase activity while unprimed seeds of AH 122 recorded least value (1.81 mmol g -1 ). Significant interaction between hybrids and treatments at all time intervals of germination at all the months of storage was noticed. The findings are in conformity with the studies of Sung and Chang (1993); where in the hydropriming was superior to PEG 6000 in sh-2 corn hybrid and was more effective in improving the emergence which resulted due to higher á- amylase and â-amylase activities. Similarly a laboratory study was conducted by Sathish and email: sampalrao@gmail.com 71
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CONTENTS PART I : PLANT SCIENCE Eff
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J.Res. ANGRAU 41(1) 1-4, 2013 EFFEC
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EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF NPK
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J.Res. ANGRAU 41(1) 5-13, 2013 NUTR
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NUTRIENT UPTAKE BY RICE CROP UNDER
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Page 19 and 20: LAKSHMI et al Fig 1. Changes in C/N
Page 21 and 22: LAKSHMI et al Changes in C/N ratio
Page 23 and 24: LAKSHMI et al Table 3. Changes in h
Page 25 and 26: J.Res. ANGRAU 41(1) 20-29, 2013 INF
Page 27 and 28: PRASAD and PRASADINI of bulk densit
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Page 31 and 32: PRASAD and PRASADINI Table 4 . Infl
Page 33 and 34: PRASAD and PRASADINI Table 8. Influ
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Page 37 and 38: VEMANNA et al The range in mean val
Page 39 and 40: VEMANNA et al grain yield per plant
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Page 43 and 44: VEMANNA et al Singh, S. P and Khan,
Page 45 and 46: RAMANA et al RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
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Page 49 and 50: RAJANNA et. al. Table 2. Reasons fo
Page 51 and 52: RAJANNA et al the present findings
Page 53 and 54: NARASIMHA et al Table 1. Proximate
Page 55 and 56: NARASIMHA et al Maynard, L., Lossli
Page 57 and 58: RAMANA et al with small follicles m
Page 59 and 60: RAMANA et al Characteristics of fol
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Page 63 and 64: KIRTHY et al Akhtar et al., 2008; S
Page 65 and 66: KIRTHY et al El Gharras H. 2009. Po
Page 67 and 68: SANDYARANI et al Weed parameters li
Page 69: SANDYARANI et al Table 2. Influence
Page 73 and 74: KUMAR et al Table 2. Effect of seed
Page 77 and 78: DEEPAK et al Table 2 Price spread a
Page 81 and 82: YAMINI et al Table 3. Estimates of
Page 83 and 84: YAMINI et al coupled with high per
Page 85 and 86: LOKESH et al Table 1. Clustering pa
Page 87 and 88: LOKESH et al Table 4. Mean values o
Page 89 and 90: ABIRAMI et al Socio-economic Impact
Page 91 and 92: ABIRAMI et al socio-economic impact
Page 95 and 96: VEMANNA et al Table 1. Discriminant
Page 97 and 98: VEMANNA et al total biomass, fresh
Page 99 and 100: RAO et al Table 1. Plant height, nu
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Page 107 and 108: NIRMALA and VASANTHA earliness in a
Page 109 and 110: NIRMALA and VASANTHA adopted this t
Page 111 and 112: SUDHARANI et al Table 1. Genotypic
Page 113 and 114: SUDHARANI et al At genotypic level,
Page 115 and 116: NIRMALA et al weight of pods per pl
Page 117 and 118: NIRMALA et al Table 3. Cluster mean
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Research Notes J.Res. ANGRAU 41(1)
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PUNYAVATHI and VIJAYALAKSHMI 6.5 6.
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PUNYAVATHI and VIJAYALAKSHMI REFERE
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KATTEL et al Table 1. Item Analysis
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RADHIKA et al Thus, the results of
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RAJU et al estimated daily dietary
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RAJU et al Table 3. Physico-chemica
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MINNIE et al Table 2. Estimates of
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Statement about ownership and other
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GUIDELINES FOR THE PREPARATION OF M
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ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CONSIDER
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