The Journal of Research ANGRAU
Contents of 41(1) 2013 - acharya ng ranga agricultural university
Contents of 41(1) 2013 - acharya ng ranga agricultural university
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J.Res. <strong>ANGRAU</strong> 41(1) 1-4, 2013<br />
EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF NPK NUTRIENTS ON GROWTH AND<br />
YIELD OF CHILLI (Capsicum annuum L.)<br />
A.KIRAN KUMAR<br />
Fruit <strong>Research</strong> Station, Dr.Y.S.R.Horticultural University, Sangareddy, Medak-502001<br />
Date <strong>of</strong> Receipt : 03.07.2012 Date <strong>of</strong> Acceptance : 02.02.2013<br />
ABSTRACT<br />
A field trial was conducted on foliar application <strong>of</strong> NPK in randomized block design on chilli variety “Prakash<br />
(LCA 206)” at Jannareddy Venkatreddy Horticultural <strong>Research</strong> Station, Malyal, Warangal district <strong>of</strong> Andhra Pradesh<br />
(19.57 0 N and 78.66 0 E) with eleven treatment combinations from foliar sprays <strong>of</strong> 19:19:19 NPK @ 2.5 g l -1 , 5 g l -1 , 7.5<br />
g l -1 and 10 g l -1 ) and KNO 3<br />
@ 5 g l -1 and control. <strong>The</strong> results revealed that four foliar sprays <strong>of</strong> 19:19:19 NPK @ 7.5 g<br />
l -1 + KNO 3<br />
@ 5 g l -1 scheduled at monthly intervals starting one month after transplanting significantly enhanced the<br />
fresh (9820 kg ha -1 ) and dry (3320 kg ha -1 ) pod yield and resulted in significantly longer fruits (7.6 cm).<strong>The</strong>re was no<br />
significant difference in plant height, plant spread (E-W and N-S), fruit girth and dry pod recovery percentage.<br />
Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) belongs to the<br />
family, Solanaceae and originated from South<br />
America (Wikipedia, 2006). Chilli is rich in vitamin C<br />
and pro-vitamin A, particularly the red chilli (Sparkyby,<br />
2006). India is the largest producer, consumer and<br />
exporter <strong>of</strong> chilli and contribute to 25% <strong>of</strong> total world’s<br />
production. In India, chilli is grown in almost all the<br />
states across the length and breadth <strong>of</strong> the country.<br />
Andhra Pradesh is the largest producer <strong>of</strong> chilli in<br />
India, contributes about 30% to the total area under<br />
chilli, followed by Karnataka (20%), Maharashtra<br />
(15%), Orissa (9%), Tamil Nadu (8%) and other states<br />
contributing 18 % to the total area under chilli<br />
(Agrocrops, 2012).<br />
Recently, foliar feeding has been widely used<br />
and accepted as an essential part <strong>of</strong> crop production,<br />
especially on horticultural crops (Pace Gary, 1982).<br />
<strong>The</strong> purpose <strong>of</strong> foliar feeding is not to replace soil<br />
fertilization. Supplying a plant’s major nutrient needs<br />
(nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) is most<br />
effective and economical via soil application. Foliar<br />
feeding can be an effective management tool to<br />
favorably influence pre-reproductive growth stages<br />
by compensating for environmentally induced<br />
stresses <strong>of</strong> adverse growing conditions and/or poor<br />
nutrient availability. Early foliar applications can make<br />
an already good crop better, either by stimulating<br />
more vigorous growth or maximizing the yield<br />
potential growth stage period. <strong>The</strong> advantages <strong>of</strong> foliar<br />
feeding in accomplishing the desired crop responses<br />
are two-fold. In order to enhance the effectiveness<br />
<strong>of</strong> any foliar application certain base solutions should<br />
be applied. Nitrogen should be present in any base<br />
solution. N-P, N-S or N-P-S base solutions are<br />
influential during early stages <strong>of</strong> growth utilizing 1:2<br />
or 1:3 N-P 2<br />
O 5<br />
ratios. N-P-K-S base solutions are<br />
suggested to influence the flowering /fruiting stages,<br />
utilizing 2:1:1 N-P 2<br />
O 5<br />
-K 2<br />
O ratio. <strong>The</strong> main objective<br />
<strong>of</strong> the present investigation was to study the effect<br />
<strong>of</strong> foliar applied nutrients i.e., NPK and ultimately to<br />
study the effect on growth and yield.<br />
MATERIALS AND METHODS<br />
<strong>The</strong> experiment was laid out in randomized<br />
block design with three replications on chilli variety<br />
“Prakash (LCA - 206)” at Jannareddy Venkatreddy<br />
Horticultural <strong>Research</strong> Station, Malyal, Warangal<br />
district <strong>of</strong> Andhra Pradesh (19.57 0 N and 78.66 0 E) with<br />
eleven treatment combinations <strong>of</strong> foliar sprays (19:<br />
19:19 NPK@2.5 g l -1 , 5 g l -1 , 7.5 g l -1 and 10 g l -1 ) and<br />
KNO 3<br />
@ 5g l -1 and control for three years. FYM was<br />
applied @ 25 t/ ha -1 , the NPK fertilizers were uniformly<br />
applied @ 220-60-80 kg ha -1 in all the experimental<br />
plots. One month old seedlings were transplanted at<br />
60 x 60 cm spacing. Four foliar sprays <strong>of</strong> 19:19:19<br />
NPK @ 2.5g l -1 , 5g l -1 , 7.5 g l -1 and 10 g l -1 (T 1<br />
to T 4<br />
),<br />
19:19:19 NPK@2.5g l -1 , 5g l -1 , 7.5 g l -1 and 10 g l -1 in<br />
email: adapakirankumar@gmail.com<br />
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