The Journal of Research ANGRAU

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J.Res. ANGRAU 41(1) 14-19, 2013 CHANGES IN MATURITY INDICES DURING VERMICOMPSOTING VS CONVENTIONAL COMPOSTING OF AGRICULTURAL WASTES CH. S. RAMA LAKSHMI, P.C. RAO, G.PADMAJA, T.SREELATHA, M.MADHAVI, P.V.RAO and A. SIREESHA Regional Agricultural Research Station, ANGR Agricultural University, Anakapalle - 531001 Date of Receipt : 30.07.2011 Date of Acceptance : 12.12.2012 ABSTRACT The present investigation was carried out at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Anakapalle during 2009 to monitor the changes in maturity indices i.e total organic carbon, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, humic substances and humification index during conventional method of composting and vermicomposting of different organic residues i.e sugarcane trash, weeds, vegetable market waste and paddy straw. The results revealed that the total organic carbon decreased with the passage of time during vermicomposting and conventional composting in all the organic residues. However the percent decrease was more in vermicomposting than conventional composting in a particular period of time. The total nitrogen content of different vermicomposts and conventional composts increased during composting process, high increase was observed in vermicomposting than conventional composting. Total Nitrogen content in both the composts was higher in vegetable market waste and lower in paddy straw. C/N ratio decreased with the passage of time during vermicomposting and conventional composting in all the organic residues, however paddy straw recorded the highest C/N ratio while vegetable market waste exhibited lowest C/N ratio. The humic and fulvic production increased with incubation in both the composting methods and in all the treatments, yield of humic acid was maximum from the vegetable market waste vermicompost followed by weed vermicompost. Minimum per cent of humic substances were recorded with cane trash and rice straw. A well known index for humification is the HA/FA ratio, in both the composts paddy straw compost recorded low ratio and high ratio was recorded in vegetable market waste compost. Thus, Vermicomposting offers a promising solution for the recycling of organic wastes into valuable organic manure with in a short period of time over conventional composting. The recycling of crop residues and organic wastes through composting is the key technology for production of organic manures. Vermicomposting offers a promising for the recycling of organic wastes. Present study is the comparative assessment of vermicomposting and composting for their maturity indices The study was carried out at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Anakapalle, Visakhapatnam district during 2009. The basic raw materials used for composting and vermicomposting were 1) Sugarcane trash, 2) Weeds (Cyperus rot undus,Cynodon dactylon,Cleome viscosa, Com malina bengalensis and Trianthema portul acastrum) 3) Vegetable market waste and 4) Paddy straw. In case of Earthworm species Eisenia foetida was used for vermicomposting @ 1 kg per ton of organic residue and 1 % N as urea and 2 % SSP were used as chemical additives for conventional composting. Both methods of composting were carried out in cement pits with 6 x 2 x 0.6 m size. The compost samples at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days interval for vermicomposts and 15, 30, 45, 60 and 110 days interval for composting composts were collected from each treatment for laboratory analysis. The organic residues used for vermi composting and conventional composting were analysed for their maturity indices by using standard procedures as pH and was Electrical Conductivity (dSm -1 ) determined in 1 : 50 organic material (dried and powdered) and water suspension by using combined glass electrode pH meter and EC meter (Jackson, 1973). Organic carbon content was determined by using dry combustion method (Jackson, 1973). The total nitrogen content (%) in the dried compost sample was determined by microkjeldahl distillation method after destroying the organic matter using H 2 SO 4 and H 2 O 2 (Piper, 1966). C/N ratio was calculated from the above parameters. Extraction, fractionation and purification of compost samples. The humic substances were isolated, extracted and purified by following Tyurin’s method email: sitaramalakshmi20@yahoo.com 18
LAKSHMI et al Fig 1. Changes in C/N ratio during vermicomposting Fig 2. Changes in C/N ratio during conventional composting Fig 3. Changes in humic acid content (%) during vermicomposting Fig. 4 Changes in humic acid content (%) during conventional composting 18 19A
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Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS PART I : PLANT SCIENCE Eff
Page 5 and 6: J.Res. ANGRAU 41(1) 1-4, 2013 EFFEC
Page 7 and 8: EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF NPK
Page 9 and 10: J.Res. ANGRAU 41(1) 5-13, 2013 NUTR
Page 11 and 12: NUTRIENT UPTAKE BY RICE CROP UNDER
Page 17: NUTRIENT UPTAKE BY RICE CROP UNDER
Page 21 and 22: LAKSHMI et al Changes in C/N ratio
Page 23 and 24: LAKSHMI et al Table 3. Changes in h
Page 25 and 26: J.Res. ANGRAU 41(1) 20-29, 2013 INF
Page 27 and 28: PRASAD and PRASADINI of bulk densit
Page 29 and 30: PRASAD and PRASADINI to as high as
Page 31 and 32: PRASAD and PRASADINI Table 4 . Infl
Page 33 and 34: PRASAD and PRASADINI Table 8. Influ
Page 35 and 36: J.Res. ANGRAU 41(1) 30-38, 2013 GEN
Page 37 and 38: VEMANNA et al The range in mean val
Page 39 and 40: VEMANNA et al grain yield per plant
Page 41 and 42: VEMANNA et al 41
Page 43 and 44: VEMANNA et al Singh, S. P and Khan,
Page 45 and 46: RAMANA et al RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Page 47 and 48: J.Res. ANGRAU 41(1) 42-46, 2013 A S
Page 49 and 50: RAJANNA et. al. Table 2. Reasons fo
Page 51 and 52: RAJANNA et al the present findings
Page 53 and 54: NARASIMHA et al Table 1. Proximate
Page 55 and 56: NARASIMHA et al Maynard, L., Lossli
Page 57 and 58: RAMANA et al with small follicles m
Page 59 and 60: RAMANA et al Characteristics of fol
Page 61 and 62: Research Notes J.Res. ANGRAU 41(1)
Page 63 and 64: KIRTHY et al Akhtar et al., 2008; S
Page 65 and 66: KIRTHY et al El Gharras H. 2009. Po
Page 67 and 68: SANDYARANI et al Weed parameters li
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SANDYARANI et al Table 2. Influence
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Research Notes J.Res. ANGRAU 41(1)
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KUMAR et al Table 2. Effect of seed
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DEEPAK et al Table 2 Price spread a
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YAMINI et al Table 3. Estimates of
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YAMINI et al coupled with high per
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LOKESH et al Table 1. Clustering pa
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LOKESH et al Table 4. Mean values o
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ABIRAMI et al Socio-economic Impact
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ABIRAMI et al socio-economic impact
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VEMANNA et al Table 1. Discriminant
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VEMANNA et al total biomass, fresh
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RAO et al Table 1. Plant height, nu
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DEVI et al S.No Category Frequency
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DEVI et al extension contact and ma
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NIRMALA and VASANTHA earliness in a
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NIRMALA and VASANTHA adopted this t
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SUDHARANI et al Table 1. Genotypic
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SUDHARANI et al At genotypic level,
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NIRMALA et al weight of pods per pl
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NIRMALA et al Table 3. Cluster mean
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PUNYAVATHI and VIJAYALAKSHMI 6.5 6.
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PUNYAVATHI and VIJAYALAKSHMI REFERE
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KATTEL et al Table 1. Item Analysis
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RADHIKA et al Thus, the results of
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RAJU et al estimated daily dietary
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RAJU et al Table 3. Physico-chemica
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MINNIE et al Table 2. Estimates of
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Statement about ownership and other
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GUIDELINES FOR THE PREPARATION OF M
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ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CONSIDER
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