TABLE CONTENTS

Effect of the Emergence and Infectivity of Entomopathogenic Nematodes
under Different Host Desiccation
Maru, A.K., A.U. Siddiqui, A. Parihar & S.K. Sharma
Department of Nematology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture&
Technology, Udaipur-313001
Entomopathogenic nematodes have already been proved to be an effective biocontrol agent
for the management of key insect pests. However, their survival capacity, storage life and
transportation has been the major constraints in popularizing its to use among the growers.
Successful control and long term management of insect pest through the application of dauer
juveniles of Steinernema spp. can only be achieved when the nematodes possess good
survival capacity. In view of this an experiment was conducted to improve the storage
capability of EPN’s under desiccation and tried to understand how the entomopathogenic
nematodes (EPNs) respond to desiccation stress. This study has also explored the effects of
anhydrobiosis on longevity and infectivity of infective juveniles (IJs) of entomopathogenic
nematodes. We have examined the influence of desiccation conditions on entomopathogenic
nematodes (EPNs) on several insect pests. Desiccation studies were conducted using the host
Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae, wax moth) and compared three indigenous
strains of Steinernema spp. . viz. STSLU, STUDR-1 and STUDR-2 in two desiccated form
i.e. desiccated infected cadaver and desiccated infected pupae at different time intervals
ranging between 1-10 month at 20º C. Maximum survival of IJs of Steinernema sp. STSLU
was observed 18 percent after 10 month in desiccated infected pupae followed by 8 percent
of Steinernema sp. STUDR-1 after 6 th month and 13 percent of Steinernema sp. STUDR-2
after 5 months. However, maximum survival in desiccated infected cadaver was recorded 12
percent of Steinernema sp. STSLU after 4 month followed by 9 percent of Steinernema sp.
STUDR-1 after 3 month and 6 percent of Steinernema sp. STUDR-2 after 3 month,
respectively.
Fermentation and Application of Nematicidal Metablelites from
Filamentous Fungus Syncephalastrum racemosum Sr18
Sun, J. (1), H. Wang (2) , F. Lu (2), L. Du (2) & D. Peng (3)
(1) College of Chemistry and Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, PR China; (2) College
of Biotechnology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin University of Science and
Technology, Tianjin 300222,PR Chi; (3) State key laboratory of plant disease and insect pest , Institute of
Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
The metabolites from filamentous fungus,Syncephalastrum racemosum (Sr 18) showed
very strong and wide nematicidal spectrum against some kinds of important plant-parasitic
nematodes. Its characters of solubility in water and high thermal stability give it great
potential for practical application in nematode control. The submerged fermentation on the
scale of 30L fermenter was carried out according to the optimal culture condition in the shake
flask and 5L fermenter, under the following conditions: the seeds were cultured on the
stationary condition for 24h and added to 30L fermenter which contained 20L culture
medium with 4% inoculation, operating at 300r/min~400r/min and 0.35~1VVM in order to
control the dissolved oxygen(DO) among 20%~30%.The nematicidal mortality of one time
diluted culture filtrate to the pine wood nematode(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)reached above
95% after 44h~48h fermentation. The toxicity evaluation confirmed that the bio-nematicide
5 th International Congress of Nematology, 2008 301