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association with plants. However, with A. avenae ESTs, we identified set of genes with
significant homology to the genes encoding plant cell wall degrading enzymes including
cellulase, pectate lyase, expansin and polygalacturonase. These were previously characterized
as the plant parasitic nematode genes and were thought to be involved in the host-parasite
interaction. The presence of genes encoding plant cell-wall degrading enzymes in A. avenae
demands an elaborate investigation to know functional roles of these genes in its life cycle.
The Relationship between Endoparasitic Nematodes and Arbuscular
Mycorrhizal Fungi in Soybean Cultivars
Majic, I. (1), M. Ivezic (1), M. Brmez (1), E. Raspudic (1), M. Vrataric (2) & A. Sudaric (2)
(1) Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Croatia; (2) Agricultural
Insitute Osijek, Croatia
Abstract: Endoparasitic nematodes (EPN) have detrimental effect on plant growth but also
substantialy affect nutrient dynamics in ecosystem. Association of plants with arbuscular
mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) increases plant access to immobile soil minerals, and therby
increase plant growth rates. Mycorrhizae influence the colonization of roots by other
microorganisms and may reduce the susceptibility of roots to nematodes. Since, there is
direct competition for space, the mutual antagonism between EPN and AMF has been
observed. The objectives were to determine the effect of soybean cultivars on EPN density in
roots and root length colonization by AMF and their correlation. The cultivar effects and
relationship between EPN and AMF colonization in soybean roots has been observed in roots
of seven soybean cultivars, in randomized complete block design experiment. Significant
differences were found between cultivars for the root infection by EPN and AMF
colonization depending on the month of investigation. Relationship between the cultivars
concerning interaction between EPN and AMF was found to be positive or negative
depending on the cultivar and the month. Three cultivars (OS-1-0, OS-2-I, and OS-3-I) had
strong negative correlation while the strength of correlations of other cultivars were weak.
Our results suggest that mutual inhibition between EPN and AMF in soybean roots existed
depending on the cultivar and the plant genotype as such affects their relationship.
Suppression of Root-knot Nematode Reproduction on Solanaceae Plants
using Synergistic Effect of Non-pathogenic Fusarium and Attenuated
Tobamovirus
Mizukubo, T. (1) & S. Tsuda (2)
(1) Research Team for Detection and Identification of Plant Pathogens and Nematodes, National Agricultural
Research Center (NARC), Ibaraki 305-8666, Japan; (2) Research Team for Vector-Born Plant Pathogens,
NARC, Japan.
The degree of reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) on tomato plants varied according
to the inoculation timing of non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strain F13 (F13) and Mi J 2
to plants: i.e. the numbers of Mi egg masses and galls on tomato plants in pots were more or
less greater than the control treatment when the tomato plants were inoculated with F13
(5x10 4 cfu/ml soil) prior to or simultaneously to Mi inoculation (1 J 2 /ml soil), but were less
than the control when the F13 was inoculated two days after Mi J 2 inoculation. Numbers of
Mi galls on tomato plants in pots were significantly less than the control (p