TABLE CONTENTS

Interaction between Meloidogyne incognita(race 2) and Verticillium dahliae
on Olive Seedlings (Olea eurapaea L.)
Taheri, A. (1), T. Davarian (2) & S.E. Razavi (1)
(1) Dept. of Plant Protection, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Gorgan Univ. of Agricultural Sciences and Natural
Resources, Gorgan, Iran; (2) Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch, Gorgan, Iran.
As olive (Olea europaea L.) is native to north of Iran, at the south end of the Caspian Sea and
also because of its cultivation development, study on its important pathogens in the area such
as Meloidogyne incognita and Verticillium dahliae is necessary. In a two year program on
olive in Gorgan during 2003-2005, interaction between M. incognita(Race 2) and V. dahliae
on 2 years olive seedlings c.v. zard roghani were studied in a randomized complete block
design with four replications and five treatments in greenhouse conditions. Treatments
included control, nematode alone, fungus alone, nematode 15 days prior fungus and fungus
15 days prior nematode. The results indicated that there is a positive interaction between
Meloidogyne incognita(Race 2) and Verticillium dahliae that the severity and speed of
wilting by V. dahliae increase in the presence of nematode; although, no symptoms of wilting
were observed in treatments without fungus. This result confirmed the role of nematode in
increasing of wilting in treatments that contained nematode and fungus. The amount of
growth parameters in the presence of both pathogens together, showed a higher decrease than
those treatments which nematode or fungus were lonely. The height of shoots decreased
significantly in the treatments of nematode 15 days prior fungus. The minimum dry matter
weight of root and shoots were measured in the treatment of nematode 15 days prior fungus,
4.85 g and 17.2 g, respectively. This project was financed by Gorgan University of
Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources.
Mycorrhizal Fungi against Potato Cyst Nematodes: Understanding the
Interaction and Potential for Integrated Pest Management
Deliopoulos, T. (1,2), K.J. Devine (2), N.A. Ryan (2), S.T. Minnis (1), P.P.J. Haydock (1)
& P.W. Jones (2)
(1) Nematology and Entomology Group, Crop and Environment Research Centre, Harper Adams University
College, Newport, Shropshire, TF10 8NB, UK; (2) Department of Zoology, Ecology and Plant Science,
University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
The inadequate control of the potato cyst nematode (PCN) Globodera pallida (relative to the
other PCN species, G. rostochiensis) by short persistence granular nematicides has been
associated with the later hatching of G. pallida juveniles, compared to that of G.
rostochiensis. Our project aimed to investigate the interaction between arbuscular
mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and PCN, with the goal of improving management of G. pallida.
In laboratory bioassays and pot trials, inoculation of potato roots with Vaminoc, a
commercial AMF multi-species mixture, or with the single AMF species G. intraradices or
G. mosseae, had a significant stimulatory effect on the early hatch of G. pallida but not G.
rostochiensis, eliminating the difference in hatching date between the two species. This
effect, which was cultivar non-specific, was demonstrated by molecular exclusion liquid
chromatography to be the consequence of increases in the amounts of G. pallida-selective
hatching factors (host-specific semiochemicals present in potato root leachate, PRL) in the
mycorrhizal PRL profile. Mycorrhization also increased crop tolerance to G. rostochiensis
5 th International Congress of Nematology, 2008 255