TABLE CONTENTS

Survey and Characterization of Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) in
Kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa) in the Extreme South of Brazil
Gomes, C.B. (1), L. Somavilla (2), R.M.G. Carneiro (3) & V.N. Soares
(1)Embrapa Temperate Agriculture C.P. 403, 96001-970 Pelotas-RS, Brazil; (2) Master Degree student in
Phytopatology, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, C.P. 354, Pelotas-RS, Brazil; (3)Embrapa Cenargen, C.P
02372, 70849-979 Brasília-DF, Brazil; (4) Agronomy graduating student, Universidade Federal de Pelotas-RS,
Brazil
Meloidogyne ethiopica has been associated with damage in kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa) in
South region of Brazil. In Chile, this nematode also attacks grapevine plants and causes
decline in yield quality and production of kiwi fruits. Considering the importance of M.
ethiopica to grape and kiwi in Brazil, a survey of root-knot nematode in kiwi orchards and
nurseries was carried out in the Rio Grande do Sul State. Forty four populations of
Meloidogyne spp. obtained from kiwi root samples were characterized biochemically by
esterase isoenzime. The Meloidogyne sp. atypical populations were also characterized
morphologically. M. arenaria Est. A2 (Rm: 1.20, 1.30) was the most frequent species and
occurred in 66.65% of the analyzed samples. M. ethiopica presenting phenotype Est. E3 (Rm:
0.92, 1.15, 1.23) was detected in kiwi orchards and nurseries occurring at 16,6% of the
samples, in association with others species. M. javanica Est. J3 (Rm: 1.00, 1.21, 1.30), M.
hapla Est. H1 (Rm: 1.17) and M. incognita Est. I1 (Rm: 1.05) and I2 (Rm: 1.03, 1.10) were
also identified in 29.9%, 16.66%, 3.33%, and 9.79% of the samples, respectively. Moreover,
only one Meloidogyne atypical population (3,3%) was detected in this survey (Est. L3; Rm:
1.00, 1.16, 1.32), but it was not possible to identified this species by perineal patterns.
Characterization of Longidorus poessneckensis from the Czech Republic
Kumari, S. (1) & W. Decraemer (2,3)
(1) Crop Research Institute, Division of Plant Health, Drnovska 507, Ruzyne, 16106 Prague 6, Czech Republic;
(2) Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Department of Invertebrates, Vautierstraat 29, 1000 Brussels,
Belgium; (3) Department of Biology, Ghent University, Nematology, Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent,
Belgium.
Longidorus poessneckensis (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) was found in the rhizosphere of
Quercus at Cerne Voderady, Czech Republic. Until now L. poessneckensis has been recorded
only from Central Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany and Slovakia). Given the lack
of knowledge of molecular and morphological features of L. poessneckensis, a
comprehensive characterization of L. poessneckensis from the Czech Republic based on
morphological and molecular characters was carried out. Also, the evolutionary relationship
of L. poessneckensis with L. macrosoma, L. helveticus and L. uroshis was inferred by the
characterization of sequences of gene encoding for the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1),
second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2), small subunit (18S) and D2/D3 expansion
segments of large subunit (28S). Phylogenetic relationship was inferred by using maximum
likelihood and maximum parsimony methods. All multiple alignments yielded similar basic
trees supporting the uniqueness of L. poessneckensis and the validity of the four Longidorus
species identified using morphological characters. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that L.
poessneckensis is more closely related to L. macrosoma and L. helveticus than to L. uroshis.
(The work was supported by project QG60123 and MZe0002700603).
5 th International Congress of Nematology, 2008 190