TABLE CONTENTS

Putting Waste to Work: Commercially Available Waste Products for
Nematode Control
Zasada, I.A.
USDA-ARS Nematology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
Approximately 1 billion tons of organic and inorganic by-products are generated each year in
the United States. Some of these waste products are available commercially and it would be
desirable to incorporate them into plant-parasitic nematode management programs. While
the concept of utilizing waste products (e.g., composts, biosolids) to manage plant-parasitic
nematodes is not new, the widespread implementation of these products has still not been
realized. Lack of implementation as a pest management strategy is due to several reasons,
including product inconsistency; availability and cost. Research should strive to understand
the complex processes responsible for nematode suppression by these products and identify
environments in which they can be utilized. Research conducted on a biosolid amendment
for plant-parasitic nematode control highlights the need to understand the mechanism
responsible for nematode suppression and how the environment and management practices
can be manipulated to improve the effectiveness and reliability of waste products as plantparasitic
nematode management strategies.
Seed Treatment Nematicide Alternative for Cotton
Lawrence, K.S., G. W. Lawrence, T. Wheeler, J. Woodward, J.R. Rich, C. Overstreet, M.A.
Newman, T.L. Kirkpatrick, R.C. Kemerait & P. Phipps
Auburn University, Alabama, USA
Avicta Complete Cotton was introduced as a new seed treatment for nematode, insect and
disease management in cotton by Syngenta Crop Protection in 2006. Azoxystrobin,
Fludioxonil, Mefenoxam, Thiamethoxam, and Abamectin are the active ingredients layered
on the seed. The nematode species targeted in cotton production include the reniform,
Rotylenchulus reniformis, the root-knot, Meloidogyne incognita, and the Columbia lance,
Hoplolaimus Columbus nematodes. Avicta Complete Cotton has been examined by
University or Extension scientists in 15 states across the southeast and mid south cotton
production regions of the United States. All cotton seed treatment nematicide tests were
planted in field locations with a history of nematode infestations. Plot design, size, number
of replications, and cotton variety varied by researcher participant. Nematode population
development was determined at various intervals through the season and cotton yields were
collected on all tests. In 2006 and 2007, from 185 university trials Avicta Complete Cotton
produced yields similar to the current standard nematicide Temik 15G (aldicarb) in 80% of
the trials. Avicta and Temik 15 G increased cotton yields over the insecticide plus fungicide
treated controls in 75 and 63 % of the trials, respectively over all nematode species. In north
Alabama Avicta increased yields in 3 of 4 years with an average of 232 kg seed cotton /ha.
Temik 15G increased cotton yields in 2 of the 4 years. However, the combination treatment
of Avicta Complete Cotton and Temik 15 G increased yields in all years with a 487 kg/ha
increase. Avicta Complete Cotton offers the cotton grower an alternative option for
nematode management their production system.
5 th International Congress of Nematology, 2008 181